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08/21/2006 - Packet • AGENDA TIGARD PLANNING COMMISSION i • • Tigard Planning Commission - Roll Call Hearing Date: G Starting Time: ? 02)r,,,, COMMISSIONERS: Jodie Inman (President) `/ Mitchell Brown Gretchen Buehner Rex Caffall ✓ Patrick Harbison Kathy Meads V Judy Munro (Vice-President) Jeremy Vermilyea f/ David Walsh STAFF PRESENT: Dick Bewersdorff ' iom Coffee Gary Pagenstecher L) w s Cheryl Gaines Denver Igarta Emily Eng 'uane Roberts Kim McMillan Beth St. Amand Gus Duenas Phil Nachbar Sean Farrelly /61 /`1'41& cir0 • • CITY OF TIGARD PLANNING COMMISSION Meeting Minutes August 21, 2006 1. CALL TO ORDER Vice-President Munro called the meeting to order at 7:00 p.m. The meeting was held in the Tigard Civic Center,Red Rock Creek Conference Room, at 13125 SW Hall Blvd. 2. ROLL CALL Commissioners Present: Vice President Munro; Commissioners Brown,Buehner, Harbison, Meads, and Walsh. Commissioners Absent: President Inman; Commissioners Caffall and Vermilyea Staff Present: Tom Coffee, Director of Community Development; Duane Roberts,Associate Planner;Beth St.Amand, Senior Planner; Darren Wyss,Associate Planner;Jerree Lewis, Planning Commission Secretary 3. PLANNING COMMISSION COMMUNICATIONS AND COMMITTEE REPORTS The Commissioners decided to meet at 6:30 on September 18th to discuss how to hold public hearings and how to improve the flow of communication between the Commission and the public. Commissioner Meads reported that the Chair and Vice-Chair of the Park and Recreation Advisory Board met with the Council to present some ideas for the recreation program. They received favorable feedback. There is a joint session with Council scheduled for September 19th to discuss funding for the program. The Board is trying to recruit a youth member to serve on the Board. The Skate Park is moving ahead. They will try to fast-track the permit process so they may be able to open by next summer. Carl Switzer resigned from the Board; a new member will need to be appointed. Commissioner Meads will not be able to attend the next meeting on September 11th. She would like another Commissioner to attend in her absence. Commissioner Buehner advised that the City Center Advisory Commission discussed bylaws at their last meeting and worked on the land use process. They made a presentation on the proposed bylaws to Council on the 15th. Council will adjust the draft and come back on September 12th. Whatever Council passes will probably be used as blueprint for other committees. PLANNING COMMISSION MEETING MINUTES—August 21,2006—Page 1 • • Commissioner Brown reported that the Committee for Citizen Involvement met with Liz Newton about the Enhanced Neighborhood Program. They held a brainstorming session on what the program structure and organization will be. It was decided to put the topic of attendance on the September 25th Planning Commission agenda. 4. APPROVE MEETING MINUTES It was moved and seconded to approve the August 7, 2006 meeting minutes as submitted. The motion passed by a vote of 5-0. Commissioner Harbison abstained. 5. TIGARD GREEN TRAILS OVERVIEW Associate Planner Duane Roberts distributed copies of Tigard's off-street paths (Exhibit A) and an informational brochure for a trail users group meeting (Exhibit B). He advised that a survey done in the late 1990s revealed approximately 77% of Tigard residents use trails. Link-trails are the most desired park improvement. The Comprehensive Plan identifies the Fanno Creek Trail as the City's main greenway trail. Other main trails include the Tualatin River Trail and the land underneath the powerlines on Bull Mountain. Approximately 50- 60% of the Fanno Creek Trail has been completed. Summer Lake and Pathfinder/Genesis trails are also well-used in the City. The Washington Square Loop Trail was only recently identified in the Washington Square Regional Plan. It is not included in the Comprehensive Plan or the Park Master Plan because the study was completed only a few years ago. Roberts gave a PowerPoint virtual tour of some of the park trails in Tigard (Exhibit C). The tour highlighted the Summer Lake Park Trail, Fanno Creek Trail, Pathfinder/Genesis Trail, and the Powerline (Westside) Trail. Roberts identified trail improvements currently under construction or proposed for future improvements (Exhibit D). He noted that Metro's Greenspaces bond measure includes funding for land acquisition underneath the powerline corridor and other land acquisition projects. Roberts advised that citizens have expressed an interest in forming a Friends of Tigard Trails Group. Twenty-two people attended a meeting earlier this month and 3 more expressed interest. A second meeting will be held in September (Exhibit B). Citizen John Frewing provided a letter to the Commission citing the need for a pedestrian connectivity policy in the Comprehensive Plan (Exhibit E). The letter contains a list of PLANNING COMMISSION MEETING MINUTES—August 21,2006—Page 2 • • potential trail improvements in the Metzger area. He also encouraged consideration of trails outside the typical 8' wide,ADA accessible trails. 6. COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE 1. Environmental Quality Report 2. Natural Resources Overview—this item was rescheduled to 9/25/06 Senior Planner Beth St. Amand reviewed the Commission's upcoming meeting schedule for the Comprehensive Plan update. Vice-President Munro suggested postponing the September 18th meeting with TriMet. St.Amand and Associate Planner Darren Wyss discussed the Environmental Quality report with the Commission. They asked that the Commission provide comments to them by Monday, September 4th. Commissioner Buehner noted that there is a problem with people not maintaining the edge of their properties. Dirt on the sidewalks and streets gets into storm drains which negatively impacts the environment. The City's code is not very clear. She believes we should make the code stronger about this. Wyss gave a PowerPoint presentation on the Environmental Quality Report (Exhibit F). He began with a recap of land resource quality that was discussed in June. He reported on current conditions and future considerations for air quality,water quality, and energy conservation. He advised that we are still in the inventory phase of the process; policy formulation will follow at a later time. The Commissioners had the following questions/comments about the report: • Does the City promote Low Impact Development? This will be covered by the Natural Resources/Goal 5 presentation. • Does the City have any areas where storm water goes into the sanitary system? No. • Is there good infiltration here? No, the soil is mostly clay. • Is anybody using fuel cells to power their homes? We're not sure;will try to get data. • Does the City use solar power for anything? Staff does not think so. • It's disappointing that Fanno Creek and the Tualatin River are rated as "poor" for water quality. This should be high priority in terms of implementation, especially in the Downtown area. • Clean Water Services holds the DEQ permit for the Tualatin Basin. We have a contract with them to provide certain services to the City. • In addition to improving the amount of pervious surfaces, the City can use greenstreet designs to improve stormwater quality. • Regarding implementation for waste reduction,Washington County has educational programs for businesses. Perhaps we can tap into the County program through an IGA for improved collection and recycling. Also, Metro has programs. • The City could look into a good preventative maintenance program for its HVAC equipment. It would improve efficiency and extend the life of equipment. PLANNING COMMISSION MEETING MINUTES—August 21,2006—Page 3 • • • In order to reduce runoff, the City could look at incorporating strips of permeable surface on streets. • Fanno Creek and the Tualatin River have been muddy and sediment-heavy since pioneer days. How much does the natural propensity of the river affect the overall evaluation? Even if we can get rid of the commercial fertilizers, there will still be a problem. DEQ does not rate streams identically; they look at different parameters (e.g., they would not rate the Mackenzie and Tualatin Rivers the same). • If there is some sort of flattening on a steep street to break the water flow, this might be a good place to put strips of permeable material. • What is the rest of world doing about improving air quality from lawnmowers and other gas powered equipment? Where do Metro and DEQ stand on the issue? Are there incentives? • Is there any information as to what other communities are doing to provide education and incentives for homeowners to use alternative fertilizer and pesticide products? • There needs to be a regional approach to traffic congestion—a regional bypass rather than a piecemeal community-by-community approach. How much money would it save us locally and what would it do in terms of air quality and energy? Staff asked the Commissioners to forward any additional comments to them within the next 2 weeks. Citizen John Frewing provided comments related to the Comprehensive Plan and environmental quality (Exhibit G). 7. OTHER BUSINESS None 8. ADJOURNMENT The meeting adjourned at 8:39 p.m. / _ Jerree ,wis, Planning Commission Secretary 0 • ATTEST: Vice-President Judy Munro PLANNING COMMISSION MEETING MINUTES—August 21,2006—Page 4 4111&. ,1111,. 0.11111111111a • i 1.. •I I •• ...I:• Ili:I:v.1'011 — 4■•.:i.ii!0••••T !T'..;.:''::'':Y:'P:::::.= , 1...1'1....• - -.•......:.:...... ...:6'.....:....;.;••••:1....,.....• .. , ..... . le.4.:•?•••:.A....r.....•-•4..•••- .:.:.:.•.....,.'.`..iie.:.i.,... ".„;!'.... . ., l' i,......!,4:7 I.0•• i• 1 (II..it.'; i""i.....--4.,4::,..-4;',.%:.!..7,..P.S.VAiii.....;:.•.::::'... ..',.......z.• - .,. I.:....•;44.4.! •.•.:.'•• -• .':':*.:Ai:... ..',.::.....'qq. .. • . ... .. 1•":;""..',..)'?.7.4.'...:11.4.- .. 7ii:.....'.:..iir N 4.::i•ti-':it.:.. ,,,,!'.....fto& ..•v.... '.....:.••,,, , . I. 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Ill'... ...,......r........., - - —- - - , ....•• ... • - ... .......................:!......,"'.'''Vrill''.' ...:** '..' ....... 'I' •••••••. • • ..k...i.:•:fi::::::i...,4.i.:0•4•14:.,,,,,,••••,••• • • .. ••••:. •„....... • : ... . ...,..e -..: , • • • r _ s t MOM MINE Tigard Trails Friends Group 1 Many Tigard residents Possible friends group Trails are popular! have expressed an activities: According to a local survey, 77% of interest in forming a • Getting together for periodic Tigard residents use City trails. One friends of Tigard trails updates on proposed additions reason for the popularity of the to the City trail network trail system is that trails provide group. Promoting public awareness and close-to-home recreation for a •In response to this interest, an support for the trail system variety of outdoor recreational pursuits. These include walking, informal meeting to discuss the • Promoting the use of the trail running, bike riding, in-line skating, idea of and possible roles of a system for the physical and skateboarding, and other activities. friends group is set for: mental health of community In the same survey, linked, • Wednesday, August 2, 2006 residents of all ages and for continuous trails were identified as fostering appreciation and 6:30-8:00 PM conservation of our natural one of the respondents most • environment desired park system facility • Tigard Town Hall, located at improvements. 13125 SW Hall Blvd. Developing a trail guide book Promoting the completion of the If you are one of the many Anyone interested in the g p residents who use the existing trail maintenance and expansion of trail network by supporting city grant proposals to finance trail system and desire more linked the Tigard trail system is trails, plan to attend the August invited to attend. construction 2"d meeting to learn about the • Raising funds to help leverage City's plans to fill gaps and build trail grant dollars more trails within the community. • Providing volunteers for trail Most importantly, bring your ideas maintenance activities for establishing an informal friends • Providing written comments and group to help support the City's Questions or comments? testimony on pending trail land efforts to create a more livable Please contact Duane Roberts use permit applications community by completing the at 503-718-2444 or via email at mapped trail system. • Other activities of interest to duane@tigard-or.gov. 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"' - '4- xf 17 '2 , / y l 4 ♦ r o Tualatin River Trail Pathfinder/Genesis Trail lhs' µ "n r. <s� . t'< ':410, , "7i','t r x. t ,- ;::: ,iyz Di¢/!/ li� h 44 iii, .- : re.n,.., 3 iii - '*./llri/ .. ,w::-mn y • . . _._. .fe iv 'tar f *;-F?'' Y ' •3 . 1 y„�,� 1: 3 • Pathfinder/Genesis Trail Pathfinder/Genesis Trail • • - r,, d'?sr • L./'•z/.3'/ • ,L<< >:y ,,,Yi x/ a a H q A Y r•/ `, 5�4 � , ? .: 7S p, /.. k. 2 wf.f .9/ fib Yfrf i. J cf y //afG 4€/,, ly a�0k /k!,.%,,,, ,.::„.,.:,.,,_,,, ...,.....„:„...4%ts:,:.4. ..,',y... Pathfinder/Genesis Trail Pathfinder/Genesis Trail s 2 `5p • • ra �t 0 ;^42 / ? Y4 i )y j 3 k> k , . sR ,.' fi t ,r r yx o..y/y/ / 44.a .£r» /av,d. : /� 4$4, _ x Y l Y r i 151Kg %00.( ' 1"IX J . ! h . A: ir ;.N' . -0 k, /// •/ /r il Powl estside] Tra ,. : l!': � �'Powerine d W es ts //te ide)..Tfrra erine /:' 'i i: �"is/' /G /// .,i.:... J 6� � / �• £YE r r!(� i s i/r 6 i :M 's : ,/// � "/// %/ 1,:.z,,.-, n , wY am: J' 41/ i/ � '. l' f G ; 1" ' /i ; A //3 i �% y ;. ,S% %" %'6' / 7'7:7774r �'"7,i,ii � . e/� ' ' y/a,/ m v �". .4 i /ft//'/:fi / %/-, / / 4 . , • • • PowerlineJWests_ideI Trail :<s 3..., : p'is3ri' o ' . n��•__•_ r ii^ 0 t: y:3G x g:s %y PR >?y-'. :> i is<>%`>iy >,>'i''i✓, r /� / � �, :.;y,/iii.c..'.,'.,�. ... ,:,�rasF!'� s---s"r"$;33" E<:o:- ,.x;eii✓ f�, s,:r/.e:.i�' ����; 14jsioi`� :<f"�iys3`".33 :r • t � 5 • • Exhibit D Large Exhibit May Be Viewed at City Hall • • 5 TIGARD TRAILS NORTHEAST 8/17/06 PEDESTRIAN CONNECTIVITY Just as Tigard has a policy on automobile street connectivity, so should it also have a policy on pedestrian connectivity. Such policy is based on the desires and needs of Tigard residents to walk to businesses,neighboring areas, schools,etc. The Tigard comprehensive plan should clearly indicate that pedestrian connectivity is part of the city's transportation plan. Its Resource section(Vol I) should contain a generous list of known undeveloped right-of-way properties,undeveloped areas which need some sort of pedestrian connectivity,especially where long blocks have existed historically,and target areas for new pedestrian trails. Its Policy section(Vol II) should clearly state the policy of the city to require pedestrian connectivity connections at any time building permits are granted in existing subdivisions or planned developments,to require connectivity plans in proposed developments and to require connectivity easements at or near target areas for new pedestrian trails. The technical nature of pedestrian connectivity trails/paths/sidewalks,etc is a matter of practicality. Not all need to be concrete,eight feet wide,ADA accessible,etc. Not all need to be owned by City of Tigard. Some areas call for steps. Gravel paths which are brushed periodically are believed acceptable in many cases. Heavy construction with impacts on fish and wildlife and forest canopy cover can be avoided by flexibility in approving the technical nature of connectivity paths/trails,etc. Maintenance provisions in existing HOA documents and in development Conditions of Approval must be reviewed and enforced where they exist. Where others cannot/will not maintain the trails,Tigard should establish a budget for summer part time contract to perform limited work. There may be a need for Tigard to purchase a lot or right of way in some instances; such should be considered as part of the annual Community Investment Plan process of city government. For NE Tigard,a general philosophy should be adopted to develop pedestrian ways north and south,avoiding Hall, avoiding 80th,which are auto-oriented streets. Similarly,the poorly connected portions of NE Tigard should be connected to each other, as across South Fork Ash Creek,as from the NE corner(Taylor's Ferry/65th)into Washington Square Estates,etc. A number of specific needs have been identified and are cataloged with appropriate photographs: • • Photo log 37 Wash Sq Estates,trail down to S Fork Ash Creek on easement(HOA)next to 9815 Ventura Court. A HOA easement connects this trail by crossing the stream to the southern leg of Ventura Court. 38 Existing trail/stairs connecting Ventura Dr(foreground)to Ventura Ct above. Next to 6565 Ventura Drive 39 Cougar Woods Park(Wash Sq Est HOA) in distance to the north. This is a trail under the SW 65th PGE powerline which runs south across South Fork Ash Creek to meet SW 65th and Dickinson St. Right on border of Tigard, Wash Co and Portland,Mult Co. 40 East end of Wash Sq Estates, looking north along Ventura Ct. Note no sidewalks on either side of street. 41 Looking north from Alfred St along SW 65th PGE powerline. It appears that there is a street right of way all the way to Taylor's Ferry Road. 42 View SW between 9355 and 9385 SW 70th. This is a drainage path which empties on to Lola Lane below. No R/W apparent,although construction appears to be in progress at 9385 SW 70th. 43 View north at 10205 SW 70th. There is a short interruption of SW 70th in the foreground, in the distance is Ventura Estates. 44 Existing trail adjacent to 7725 SW Spruce,extending in the distance to Pine St. 45 Spruce St r/w looking west at SW 78th Ave. It is a distance of about two blocks until this street joins the dead end of SW 80th. A rough trail also connects to Pine. 46 Water Quality Facility 30 adjacent to 10980 SW 80. This drainage extends to the NE,but is not apparent in the vicinity of SW 79th and Thorn. There is a path extending from Steve south to the end of dead end 82nd at a location just west of this site. 47 View north at 7905 SW Thorn. The stream drainage passes under this street; it is a short block to the dead end of SW 80th Ave,but no r/w is apparent. 48 View looking west at 8365 Steve. There is no opening in the fence; beyond is an undeveloped r/w for SW 84th Ave. Korean Baptist Church on Spruce St owns land in the distance. 49 The end of SW 84th at 11172 SW 84th. Water Quality facility 61 is at the close end of the open space,the Korean Baptist Church on Spruce St owns land to the left and extending all the way to Spruce. This is one long block east of Hall Blvd. 50 View of dead end pedestrian way required as part of Ventura Estates, located adjacent to 10009 SW 70th Pl. From the dead end, it is only a steep 20 feet to connect to Ventura Ct, intervening property owned by Wash Sq Est HOA. Not illustrated: Landau extension east from SW 74th to 72nd at the entry sign of Washington Square Estates. • _.. IN • For the purposes of the Comp Plan i. pdate: the air we breathe, the water in our streams lakes, and wetlands,the land we live upon, and the conservation of energy • t::$. ..�.::�......._•j •:. :: ::•••: • Strive to minimize the negative ;` ‘,: `' 41"::.::,. #•' i.i effects of human impact upon the ;." • .: quality of the resources L:ee; .i •y� • •.M17,-. M $. 4 .......................... IK: Report tr.p'Lutuiu;;(:.1111111°0.iva r , elationship to land-use plutn 4 ,,, • Growth and development R A • Carrying capacity • • Statewide Planning Goals u sections (Land,Air, Water, Energy) • Overview of current conditions • Applicable rules,statutes, and plans • Inventories helpful to decision making pro 1 • Existing collaborations/partnership •u.tlitA Angvmt31.200t. Kt: MI Coni KEEP'Cif•4 • Connection to other topic. reports (Transportation, Natural Resources Futu Growth and Develo ment • Focus on collection and disposal of waste that impa, the health and welfare of the community " t; • Regional Solid Waste Management Plan (RSWMP) r,71 �.. 4 `?. • rr • 'nyate auler franchise . agreemen ' • ,.- g . >.�-,:: ;;,� `:fin • Durham Wastewater Treatment Facility t :.� •t, 1.2006 . . M MOM MOM INIM �. rr C at 411/ a .a ,,,, , = it C •bu ii.) �`• E � en �} A' •.. In i C lir w `� r4 •:" %NM N •~, w C w i H .. n v3 4•1 1110 0 .. w t c 'v .r .. 41 4 Q M. - PR d U. v"^ v 'ir O•C cr, o Ci 40 o " o o c o o 40 ;E e h wz m (,,,) 7, E a. xZ xw � ZZ i cg_ ■ 11 21 i ■ ■ ■ ■ I. ! • .VI 81 VS 71®1® MEI I • Reduction and recovery • Household hazardous waste • Education programs are key • No storage or collection facilities 'on • • Limited direct impact • Educational programs • Local collection facilitie. - .nvir.nna'I UAl(`11Ap1(1' Atli;USI 'port(.e i lAUnurr(:■mnlksion zone, inc par icu e ma ter, air oxtcs, an• care 0 monoxide are of greatest concern in Oregon • Portland Metro area Ozone and Carbon Monoxide Plans • Tigard Environmental Performan Standards and land use planning it Quality Trends . • Portland Area Airshed in compliance • Ozone levels roughly 80°'o of allowab 'mi imam • Air Quality Index not computed for rd ndustrial/Commercial Pollutants • Air Contaminant Discharge Permit (ACDP) regulates minor sources (6 in Tigard) • Title V regulates major source: pollution (none in Tigard) .r , $ ato -o u an s • Motor vehicles are prim' • • t t • Tigard - daily miles traveled increased 67"4. from 1990 • Mixed-use,public transit,bicycling& pedestrian options • Vehicle Inspection Program • Hybrid Vehicles ousehold Pollutants ■ `ood burnin g fireplaces laces fine particulate matterY:: .:V%' • Gas powered lawn equipment & ozone/carbon monoxide _ . E • r mcnul Sluaiitt Anaust 2.1.2111N6 Rcixirt to Planning Commission oise and Light Pollution • Local enforcement • Regulated by Municipal Code • 48 noise related code enforcemei cases since Feb 2001 ...teal Government Efforts • Eight hybrid vehicles with one more budgeted • Alternative fuels analysis • CareFree Commuter ChalL �S • ECt) Incentive Program — monthly participation 1 inraru.'n.l l2u4E11y Aurucl 21._ R purl II t YLmning ■11■ it Resource Quality — Kev Points • urrent onditions • Clean Air Act complian • Motor vehicles are prim • DEQ regulation • Household sources • Decrease miles drive • • Employee incentives • Future Consideration • Land use planning • Educational programs -.;:,, . • Regional collaboration EH,-Iran mtC11r11 Quilitr • Regional focus led by Clean Water Services • (:lean Water Act and NPDES permits ;, a;w 4 • IGA outlines actions Tigard/CWS must F" :: .: .:,:;.. take to comply with Clean Water Act 'v: • Sensitive Lands chapter, W. tality Coordinator, Server Extension ant peen to I1I1Iutllm;I.amttnil.1011 ds • Generally improving in Tualatin River basin since 1970s • Due to regulation,erosion/run-off control, & Durham plant • Fanno Creek& Tualatin River classified as poor by DEQ • No 303d water bodies in Tigard oint Source Pollution • • Regulated by DEQ; can . monitored & measured • Wastewater, industrial waste �.• & stormwater under NPDES permits • IGA covers City requirements for point source muumuu!t,�uilit} Ate gum 21.211114. Hrpatrt ro Planning • t'on-'Dint ..ource 'o utton • Largest source of pollution in regon • Run-off from driveways, lawns, roads, roo s, • Sediment regulated by 1200-C permit • Public education is important ::,. • Fertilizers/pesticides • Canine waste bacteria in Fanno Creek • Citywide Sewer Extension Program to -_- ` reduce future problems from septic systems • Toxic ollutants from motor vehicles & im I ro r dis osal em .s. • WS holds permit • Pretreatment since 19' • City maintains 79 detent and water quality facilities *a •••°:.:a • Surales/ponds natural filtration ' �.:.:::: :: .. ..-:...:."..• • Filter systems easily cleaned :-��: .�:: �� : • Detention facilities minimize 4 peak flow and erosion '7 • Impervious surfaces collect toxins . ce infiltration • 'r - i - JI 0 1 i t NM Cream and Riparian Restoration • CWS Healthy Streams Plan identifies activitie • Native vegetation provides shade, filtration, a • Proper outfalls/culverts reduce scouring • 30,000 native trees planted • 700 additional trees planted • 67,696 native trees schedule • Wetland & floodplain resto F• Sensitive Lands chapter uomm.-mai Qualiti August 21.21. • Current Condition. • Regional focus • Fanno Cr& Tualatin River have poor w !� • Point source regulated by DEQ • Largest source of pollution is non-point • Restoration activities have potential - y ;ra';_0r .• to improve water quality ..r..; «•�:"*:! 1.4..*....1;: • Future Consideration • Impervious surfaces • Educational program • Restoration activities •t' Au•usa 2 Ra•Imrt to Planaint:t:um►niesiun unr,punu.r:b ituivarm(.,'soda?! aanpas of aiquprAg are suEt osd pig samluaaul kmunb STY, 2uiaarduEn osir iuoiagisodsurrj q s! uoudtunsuoa Jsa algrpme air saasnos anntiusaliv ■ sJuapcsas of.lsaua.(1ddns saiurducoa aleAud ■ sarJmari antJado so min() Jou swop Aiddns pur, uopESaua9 n4 I A IU..:)N11111111 V: .y u.ul:'1E aiduarxa Act prat tn'a pn' !1 JO AID) ■ asn ajanpaA 10)0W uonduznsuoa:i.2saua aanpas ura 2uiutngd asn pub s and [`se Planning & L:fficienc, • Solar access site location gr • Energy-efficient building design '7"1/110*. "1/110* • .Reducing motor vehicle tri.s ':, ........: .... .._:. • Educational outreach 1 4 A .ocal Government Efforts • • • Street lighting and water pumps are greatest costs • • Hybrid vehicles • Employee incentives for alternative transportation ........ ............. • Energy-efficiency audits :urrent Condition, • City currently does not own or operate faciliti • Transportation is biggest use of energy • Alternative forms exist, but not yet mainstrea • Energy prices have been increasing • Alternative transportation options are available • City taking steps to lead by example • • Future Consideration • • Land use plannin ::: • Conservation effo • Community goals • • .� • COMP PLAN—COMMENTS RE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AUG 06 John Frewing THIS IS THE ONLY PLACE WHERE ONE IS TO FIND FACTS WHICH SUPPORT POLICIES OF THE COMP PLAN. WE NEED A FULL SET OF FACTS WHICH LEAD TO POLICY CHOICES. WE NEED TO BE MINDFUL OF THE SUBJECT AREAS WHERE WE NEED CLEAR POLICY AND THEN THINK WHAT FACTS ARE NECESSARY TO SUPPORT THOSE POLICIES. Air— doesn't mention 99W congestion and air quality. - doesn't mention lawn mowers and other 2-cycle engines - doesn't mention number of hybrid cars in 97223,97224 - doesn't mention startup of commuter rail and necessary infrastructure for hi use - doesn't mention health costs of air pollution - doesn't mention need for impact studies for new development - Need number of autos registered to 97223,24 addresses,same for trucks/diesels - Need objective data on visibility index - Need bus routes,areas not served map - Doesn't mention original air quality;necessary to support`restore' air quality policy. - doesn't mention trees role in noise and pollutant absorbtion - doesn't mention`heat island' in downtown Tigard where no or few trees - should mention DEQ recommended policies for air quality - should mention lack of info now,and needed info with new dev applications Water—doesn't mention specifics of city role in implementing CWS stds - doesn't mention low impact development,says green building encouraged? - Says stream quality poor,but doesn't suggest areas for improvmt—shade? - Mentions private water quality facilities,but doesn't mention monitoring. - Need map of water quality facilities - Doesn't mention percent loss of native fish. - Doesn't mention lack of information for management of water quality/quantity,ie how many water rights are in zip 97223,97224—provide a map. - Should develop a cost estimate for fixing old stormwater outfalls,retention facilities - Should list NPDES permits individually for Tigard - Need info to support a`restore'policy re water quality Land—doesn't mention lack of power line undergrounding -doesn't mention number of HOAs which do maintenance -doesn't mention canopy cover and extent of forested areas now and long ago. -doesn't mention invasive weeds,eg blackberries, ivy,knotweed -doesn't mention extent of non-permeable surfaces -doesn't mention priorities for fixing of old storm drainage systems -doesn't mention haz materials entering streams from private drainages—oil - doesn't mention condition of stream banks and buffers near streams • - doesn't mention progress in last 20 years toward the natural amenities of Wash Sq - should have basic info on geology and soil or reference it and limitations for use Energy—mentions pedestrian paths,but no map,priorities - Need map of sidewalks - Get list of state tax credits for solar units for 97223,24 - Get list of certified housing/buildings for energy efficiency(note the stds) f i . - • 1--h Environmental Quality DEFINITION: Managing • „ . ”the effects of human h. impacts on air water �, 4 t, # }' and land resources , fi . `-_�• including energy . k:111itai r4. REPORT COMPONENTS: AIR RESOURCES (GOAL 6) PAGE 2 WATER RI-7,S0 URGES (Go AL 6) PAGE 8 LAND RESOURCES (GOAL 6) PAGE 15 • ENERGY (GOAL 13) PAGE 20 Affected City Departments: Implementation Documents: Community Development Title 18 Engineering Public Facilities Plan, 2005 Public Works Waste Management Plan Municipal Code • • The "Environmental Quality Topic Report" provides baseline technical data for the 2027 Tigard Comprehensive Plan Update. It will be included in a final document entitled"State of the City 2006: Current Conditions." This report assesses current City of Tigard conditions for Air,Water, and Land Resources Quality;and Energy. It updates the following chapters in the City of Tigard's 1983 Comprehensive Plan,Volume 1: Air,Water and Land Resources Quality, and Energy. This information establishes a baseline for the year 2006,which will form the foundation for updated Comprehensive Plan policies and actions. For more information about this report, contact: Darren Wyss,Associate Planner 503-718-2442 darren @ tigard-or.gov Beth St. Amand, Senior Planner 503-718-2435 beth @tigard-or.gov • • E N V I R O N M E N T A L Q U A L I T Y (1.!;)1 O V E R V I E W Environmental Quality addresses the air we breathe, the water in our streams and lakes, the amount of waste entering the ground,and the amount of energy we consume. The collective actions of the City and its 45,500 residents and businesses can affect the quality of these resources. The City and region have developed systems to manage development's impacts in order to maintain and improve resource quality. This includes protecting the environment's ability to support a certain amount of development without detrimental effects (carrying capacity), avoiding degradation, and implementing conservation measures. These principles are based on Oregon Statewide Planning Goals 6 and 13: • Goal 6: Air,Water and Land Resources Quality o To maintain and improve the qualidy of the air, water and land resources of the state. • Goal 13: Energy Conservation o To conserve energy. The City must ensure that future development,when combined with the existing development,efficiently maintains a level of resource quality that does not threaten or violate applicable rules, statutes,or standards. This report establishes a baseline of existing conditions in 2006,using maps, data and a review of existing plans, statutes and standards. It is designed to update the original 1983 sections "Air,Water and Land Resource Quality" and "Energy" in the existing Vol. 1 of the Comprehensive Plan. This report will aid the City as it updates its Comprehensive Plan policies and plans for future development. D A T A S U M M A R Y Four resources are considered in this report:Land,Air,Water and Energy. Although presented independently, the resources contribute to an interconnected system with a limited carrying capacity. Additionally, the resources cross jurisdictional boundaries,requiring regional collaboration and planning efforts. • Air. This section focuses on air quality trends and the current and potential pollutant impacts from land use, businesses,residents, and City government. • Water.This section focuses on water quality trends,point and non-point pollution, stormwater maintenance, and riparian restoration efforts. • Land.This section focuses on solid wastes,including recycling, disposal and hazardous sites and facilities. • Energy.This section focuses on energy supply and conservation,including alternative forms, efficiency standards,and City government efforts. Environmental Quality 1 • • 1 . Air Resources Quality O V E R V I E W Clean air is essential for a healthy environment and to provide the opportunity for citizens to enjoy a healthy lifestyle. To ensure access to clean air, the federal Clean Air Act was created as the primary regulatory framework for national, state and local efforts to protect air quality. Under the Clean Air Act, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)is responsible for setting standards,known as National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), for pollutants considered harmful to people and the environment. These standards are set at levels that are meant to protect the health of the most sensitive population groups, including the elderly, children and people with respiratory diseases.Air quality planning is focused on meeting the NAAQS and setting deadlines for meeting these standards. The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) is responsible for protecting Oregon's air quality by issuing permits, developing programs,and monitoring air pollution to ensure communities meet the NAAQS and to protect Oregon's pristine views. Air pollutants identified in the 2005 DEQ Air Quality Report as the greatest concern in Oregon are: • Ground-level ozone, commonly known as smog • Fine particulate matter (mostly from wood smoke,other combustion sources, cars and dust) • Hazardous air pollutants (also called Air Toxics) • Carbon monoxide (mostly from motor vehicles) As air quality does not know political boundaries,regional efforts were established to monitor and plan for pollutants. The City of Tigard is part of the Portland Area Airshed (PAA),which is defined by the Metro service boundary.The DEQ is responsible for ensuring the PAA meets the national standards and developing the necessary plans to continue compliance. Currently, the PAA meets all NAAQS standards (three-year averages are used to determine attainment/non-attainment of the standards: eight-hour ozone, particulate matter,and carbon monoxide). However,DEQ is required to develop maintenance plans for carbon monoxide and ozone to ensure continued compliance. Some elements of the plans are the Motor Vehicle Inspection program, the Employee Commute Options (ECO) program, and the Industrial Emission Management program. At the local level, the City can also have an impact on air quality. Land use plans can help reduce the number of automobile trips taken by residents and also ensure industries that require DEQ permits do not negatively impact the community. The City's Environmental Performance Standards (Tigard Municipal Code, Chapter 18.725) address noise,visible emissions,odors,glare and heat that may cause problems for residents. The City can also develop organizational policies to reduce air pollution. For example, the City has purchased eight hybrid vehicles and rewards an employee for using alternative transportation modes through participation in the ECO Incentive Program and the CareFree Commuter Challenge. Environmental Quality 2 • • 1 . Air Resources Quality I N V E N T O R Y AIR QUALITY TRENDS DEQ monitoring of air quality for NAAQS attainment is based on the Portland Airshed Area(PAA) and attainment trends are reported annually. The latest data are found in the 2005 DEQ Air Quality Report and are summarized here: • The Portland Airshed Area is in attainment with the NAAQS. • The 24-hour particulate matter level in 2005 was roughly 33%of the allowable limit and has only exceeded the standard once (in 1991) since 1985. • The eight-hour average carbon monoxide level in 2005 was roughly 33% of the allowable limit and has been decreasing steadily since hovering around the standard in the late 1980s. More stringent emission standards and better technology contributed to this decrease. • The eight-hour average ozone level was roughly 80% of the allowable limit and has remained steady over the past seven years. It has not exceeded the standard since 1998. The DEQ also reports an Air Quality Index (AQI) on an hourly basis for 30 cities distributed regionally across the state. The AQI is computed using the 24-hour average for particulate matter and the eight-hour average for ozone. The AQI is posted under the following descriptors: Good Pollution is less than half of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for any of the pollutants measured. Moderate Unusually sensitive people should limit prolonged outdoor exertion. Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups (UFSG) • Ozone-Active children, adults,and people with respiratory disease such as asthma should limit prolonged outdoor exertion. • Particulate—People with heart and lung disease,older adults and children should reduce prolonged or heavy exertion. Unhealthy • Ozone -Active children and adults and people with respiratory disease such as asthma should avoid prolonged outdoor exertion. Everyone else, especially children, should limit prolonged or heavy exertion. • Particulate-People with heart or lung disease,older adults and children should avoid prolonged or heavy exertion. Everyone else should reduce prolonged or heavy exertion. Very Unhealthy • Ozone-Active children and adults and people with respiratory disease such as asthma should avoid all outdoor exertion. Everyone else, especially children, should limit outdoor exertion. • Particulate-People with heart or lung disease, older adults and children should avoid all physical activity outdoors. Everyone else should avoid prolonged or heavy exertion. An AQI is not computed for the City of Tigard, but three jurisdictions within the PAA are part of the reporting. Results from 2005 are shown in Table 1-1. Environmental Quality 3 • • 1 . Air Resources Quality Table 1-1. 2005 Reported AQI Days Good Moderate UFSG Unhealthy No AQI Beaverton 329 35 0 0 1 Hillsboro 269 50 5 0 41 Portland 213 55 0 0 0 Source:2005 DEQ Air Quality Report INDUSTRIAL/COMMERCIAL POLLUTANTS The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact industrial/commercial pollutants within the City include: 1. Federal Clean Air Act 2. Oregon Revised Statute 468a: Air Quality 3. Oregon Administrative Rule 340 4. Portland Carbon Monoxide Maintenance and Ozone Maintenance Plans DEQ is responsible for issuing Air Contaminant Discharge Permits (ACDP) to regulate minor sources of contaminant emissions. The permits are issued based on the type and amount of emissions,which also determines the length of the permit. The ACDP covers a wide range of businesses, from autobody repair shops to lumber mills. There are currently six businesses operating with an ACDP in the City of Tigard. DEQ also issues Title V Operating Permits (Title V) for major industrial sources of pollution.Title V applies to a business that has the potential to emit 100 tons of any criteria pollutant, 10 tons of a single hazardous pollutant, or 25 tons of any combination of hazardous pollutants. Tide V does not tighten emission standards, but places a greater responsibility on the business for monitoring,reporting,and certifying compliance with the conditions of the permit.There are currently no Title V permit holders in Tigard. Before DEQ issues an ACDP or Tide V permit, they are required by law to obtain a Land Use Statement of Compatibility (LUSC) from the City to verify the land use is in compliance with the Comprehensive Plan. TRANSPORTATION POLLUTANTS The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact transportation pollutants within the City include: 1. Federal Clean Air Act 2. Oregon Transportation Planning Rule 3. Oregon Revised Statute 468a: Air Quality 4. Oregon Administrative Rule 340 5. Metro Functional Plan 6. Portland Carbon Monoxide Maintenance and Ozone Maintenance Plans 7. Regional Transportation Plan 8. Metropolitan Transportation Improvement Plan 9. Tigard Transportation System Plan Motor vehicles are now the primary source of air pollution in Oregon (2005 DEQ Air Quality Report) with ozone, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide the major pollutants associated with them.Although the PAA Environmental Quality 4 • • 1 . Air Resources Quality is in compliance with Clean Air Act standards, air quality can continue to be improved by either reducing motor vehicle trips or their pollution emissions. No data exists on the amount of pollution generated from motor vehicle trips taken by Tigard residents,but data is collected for the Portland metro area on per capita daily vehicle miles traveled (DVMT). For example, each resident drove an average of 20.7 miles a day in the year 2004 (Metro Regional Government). The DVMT has not fluctuated much since 1990,with a low of 18.8 and a high of 21.7 DVMT, but the population has increased over that period. For Tigard, this translates into a 67%increase in total miles traveled by residents from 1990 to 2004 (Table 1-2). Table 1-2. Miles Traveled by Tigard Residents The City has several options for encouraging residents Tigard Miles to decrease their DVMT. The Tigard Comprehensive Metro DVMT Population Traveled Plan and Transportation System Plan, as well as the 1990 18.8 29,435 553,378 Metro Functional Plan and Regional Transportation 2004 20.7 44,650 924,255 Plan address these options,which also encourage Source:Metro,Tigard Community Development Dept. energy conservation: • Establishing mixed-use zones to encourage working,living, and shopping in the same neighborhood • Land use patterns that provide alternative transportation opportunities • Providing opportunities for increased density along public transit lines • Developing a public transit system that is reliable, connected, and efficient • Building a bicycle and pedestrian network that is connected, safe,and accessible • Connecting streets to provide additional travel options To improve air quality through reducing vehicle emissions,DEQ has implemented the Vehicle Inspection Program (VIP) as part of the Maintenance plan for the Portland metro region.The program administers emissions tests for gasoline-powered vehicles that are 1975 and newer and diesel vehicles with a gross vehicular weight of 8500 pounds or less that are 1975 or newer. The test ensures a vehicle's emission system is functioning and is required to renew a vehicle's registration.Tigard residents participate in the VIP. Other options for residents to decrease vehicle emissions are to take advantage of the hybrid vehicle choices currently on the market, or use alternative fuels that produce less pollution. Alternative fuels available include biodiesel and ethanol. HOUSEHOLD POLLUTANTS The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact household pollutants within the City include: 1. Federal Clean Air Act 2. Oregon Revised Statute 468a: Air Quality 3. Oregon Administrative Rule 340 Household activities also contribute to the overall air quality of the community. The primary sources of household pollutants in Tigard include wood burning fireplaces, and lawn and garden equipment. Wood burning fireplaces and stoves used for heating homes have a big impact on the amount of fine particulate matter in the air. There is no data to gauge the impact from this activity on overall air quality in Environmental Quality 5 • • 1 . Air Resources Quality Tigard,but health risks increase within neighborhoods as more homes are heated with wood.This is especially true.when wind patterns contribute to the smoke hovering around ground level. Currently, the installation of new fireplaces must be permitted and inspected by the City. The DEQ Wood Burning Program also works with Oregon communities to solve and prevent air pollution problems caused by residential wood burning. DEQ provides information about burning wood cleanly and helps local counties prepare and implement strategies to reduce pollution from wood smoke. Gasoline-powered lawn and garden equipment emit ozone, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Equipment with a two-stroke engine is especially troublesome to air quality,but there is no data to gauge the impact. Exploring options to gasoline-powered equipment can allow homeowners to improve air quality in the community. Backyard burning of yard debris has the same air quality impacts as wood burning fireplaces and stoves,but the activity is illegal in the City of Tigard. Outdoor recreational burning, such as a firepit or outdoor fireplace,is legal in the City and affects air quality with the release of small particulate matter. NOISE AND LIGHT POLLUTANTS The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact noise and light pollutants within the City include: 1. Federal Clean Air Act 2. Oregon Revised Statute 468a: Air Quality 3. Oregon Administrative Rule 340 4. Environmental Performance Standards (Tigard Municipal Code, Chapter 18.725) DEQ defines noise as a pollutant that is transmitted through the air. Noise control standards have been adopted in Oregon for various noise-generating activities and these standards protect the public from the known adverse health effects of noise, as well as protecting public welfare. In 1991 budget cuts eliminated the noise program at DEQ and enforcement of the standards is now the responsibility of local enforcement officials. Sections 7.40.130 through 7.40.210 of the Tigard Municipal Code establish noise regulations for the community. From February 2001(when the last major change to the code occurred) to May 2006, a total of 48 noise related code enforcement cases were closed by the Code Enforcement Officer. Cases ranged from yard equipment to construction activity to commercial heating and air conditioning equipment. Light pollution is also a concern of the community and Tigard's Environmental Performance Standards address this issue. The standard does not permit direct or sky-reflected glare to be visible at the lot line. This includes sources such as floodlights and high temperature processes such as welding. LOCAL GOVERNMENT EFFORTS The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact local government efforts within the City include: 1. Oregon Administrative Rule 340-242: Employee Commute Options 2. Tigard Five Year Strategic Resource Management Plan The City has taken steps to voluntarily save energy and improve air quality in the community. Eight hybrid vehicles have been purchased for the City fleet and one more is scheduled for purchase in fiscal year 2006- 07. Hybrid vehicle pollutant emissions are lower than conventional motor vehicles.An analysis of purchasing more hybrid vehicles or possibly alternative fuels is scheduled,both of which could reduce Environmental Quality 6 • 1 . Air Resources Quality air quality impacts from the City fleet. The City is also a member of the Westside Transportation Alliance (WTA). The WTA provides information on alternative transportation options and organizes the month long CareFree Commuter Challenge every summer. City employees are eligible to participate in the challenge and anyone who reaches an established goal of using alternative options is included in a random prize drawing. The City is required by DEQ to participate in the Employee Commute Options (ECO) program,as are all employers within the Portland region with 100 or more employees. The City offers incentives to employees who use alternative transportation modes 50% of the time over an eight-week period and this satisfies compliance with the ECO program. In the year 2005, an average of 5% of City employees participated in the incentive program each month. KEY FINDINGS • The air pollutants of greatest concern in Oregon are: • Ground-level ozone, commonly known as smog • Fine particulate matter (mostly from wood smoke, other combustion sources, cars and dust) • Hazardous air pollutants (also called Air Toxics) • Carbon monoxide (mostly from motor vehicles) • The City of Tigard is part of the Portland Area Airshed,which is currently in compliance with the Clean Air Act requirements. • DEQ has issued six active Air Contaminant Discharge Permits (ACDP) within the City to regulate minor sources of contaminant emissions. • Motor vehicles are now the primary source of air pollution in Oregon and the number of miles driven daily by Tigard residents has increased 67% since 1990. • Options available to the City for reducing vehicle miles traveled: • Establishing mixed-use zones to encourage working, living,and shopping in the same neighborhood • Land use patterns that provide alternative transportation opportunities • Providing opportunities for increased density along public transit lines • Developing a public transit system that is reliable, connected, and efficient • Building a bicycle and pedestrian network that is connected, safe,and accessible • Connecting streets to provide additional travel options • Options available for decreasing motor vehicle emissions include alternative fuels and vehicles. • The primary sources of household pollutants in Tigard include wood burning fireplaces, and lawn and garden equipment. • The City regulates noise and light pollution through Environmental Performance Standards. • The City can improve air quality for the community by continuing to participate in alternative transportation programs and by purchasing alternative vehicles. Environmental Quality 7 • • 2 . Water Resources Quality O V E R V I E W The quality of the water in our streams, rivers, lakes,and wetlands is important to the health and welfare of the community, as well as the fish and wildlife that rely on clean water for habitat. To limit harmful impacts from human activities on water quality, the Clean Water Act(CWA) was enacted. It regulates the discharge of pollutants into waterways through National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits. In the State of Oregon, the Department of Environmental Quality(DEQ) has been charged with establishing standards, regulating, and monitoring Oregon's waters for compliance with the CWA and NPDES. Large municipalities typically have NPDES permits for their wastewater treatment facilities and for stormwater runoff, called a Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permit. In urban Washington County,which includes the City of Tigard, the permits have been combined and are held by Clean Water Services (CWS). The combined permit was issued for the entire Tualatin River watershed,which promotes a regional effort to improving water quality, and requires CWS to submit a Stormwater Management Plan and a Wastewater Management Plan to DEQ. The plans outline the best management practices that CWS,its member cities,and Washington County will employ to reduce pollutant discharges,regulate temperature, and comply with any Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) levels that have been established. The City of Tigard is a co-implementer of the permits and associated plans through an Intergovernmental Agreement(IGA)with CWS. The IGA outlines the functions the City must perform that are critical to the operation, maintenance, and management of stormwater and wastewater facilities and to ensure compliance with the CWA. Clean Water Services has also developed a Surface Water Management Program, primarily addressing non- point source pollution, to protect and enhance water quality outside of the permits required by the CWA. The Healthy Streams Plan, a public education program,and drainage improvements are among the activities undertaken to improve the Tualatin River watershed. In addition to collaborating with CWS to comply with the Clean Water Act, the City has shown its commitment to improving water quality in the community through a number of actions. A full-time Surface Water Quality Coordinator is on staff to implement the Healthy Streams Plan. The Coordinator manages projects that target riparian restoration and is a member of the Tualatin Basin Public Awareness Committee that promotes Naturescaping and provides awareness about the effects of pet and waterfowl waste on water quality. The Community Development Code contains a chapter devoted to the protection of Sensitive Lands,which includes wetlands, drainageways, and the 100-year floodplain. The Sensitive Lands chapter promotes the function of these resources through implementing CWS Design and Construction Standards and Metro's Functional Plan. The Citywide Sewer Extension Program connects neighborhoods that currently rely on septic systems to the City's wastewater system. The City also takes steps to improve water quality through the land use planning process. Run-off and pollutants from new development can be reduced by strict erosion control standards, decreasing the amount of impervious surface on a site, and encouraging green building techniques. Environmental Quality 8 • • 2 . Water Resources Quality I N V E N T O R Y WATER QUALITY TRENDS The applicable rules,statutes and plans that impact water quality trends within the City include: • 5. Clean Water Act 6. Oregon Revised Statute 468b: Water Quality 7. Oregon Administrative Rule 340 8. Clean Water Services Healthy Streams Plan 9. Tigard Community Development Code Water quality monitoring has been ongoing in the Tualatin River basin since the early 1970s. Data from the long-term monitoring stations indicate that water quality is generally improving, despite continued urbanization in the watershed (Healthy Streams Plan, 2005).This improvement can be attributed to regulation,better erosion and run-off control,and the removal of numerous small sewage treatment plants when wastewater flows were diverted to the Durham Wastewater Treatment Facility. To assess water quality trends, Clean Water Services monitors temperature,dissolved oxygen,pH, dissolved and suspended solids, ammonia and nitrates,phosphorous and algal growth, and bacteria at various sites. The City of Tigard sits at the lower end of the Tualatin River watershed and the lower end of the Fanno Creek watershed,which drains 85% of the City. Water quality monitoring results for Fanno Creek and tributaries can be seen in Table 2-1.The target numbers were developed for the Healthy Streams Plan. Table 2-1.Water Quality Indicators from Monitoring Stations in Tigard Temperature Dissolved Oxygen Suspended Solids Phosphorous Bacteria (Celcius) (mg/L) pH (mg/L) Nitrates(mg/L) (mg/L) (cfu/100 ml) Result 1 Target Result I Target Result I Target Result I Target Result Result Result Fanno Cr @ Durham Rd 10-Jan-06 9.8 n/a 9.8 n/a 7.1 6.5-8.5 56 10 0.69 0.2 740 11-Jul-06 18.5 10-17.8 6.1 >6.5 7.7 6.5-8.5 6 6 0.69 0.17 n/a Summer Cr @ 121st Ave 18-Jan-05 7.4 n/a 10.3 n/a 7.4 6.5-8.5 28 10 0.6 0.11 300 26-Jul-05 22.8 10-17.8 4.5 >6.5 7.7 6.5-8.5 n/a 6 0.08 0.43 14000 Ash Cr in Metzger Park 10-Jan-06 9.9 n/a 10.4 n/a 7.1 6.5-8.5 42 10 1.84 0.22 3100 11-Jul-06 16.8 10-17.8 7.8 >6.5 7.8 6.5-8.5 12 6 0.26 0.2 n/a Derry Dell Cr©Walnut St 10-Jan-06 10.2 n/a 10.1 n/a 7.3 6.5-8.5 42 10 2.19 0.18 720 11-Jul-06 15.3 10-17.8 7.6 >6.5 _ 7.7 6.5-8.5 _ 8 6 1.44 0.15 _ n/a Source:Clean Water Services The State DEQ also monitors water quality in Fanno Creek and the Tualatin River.The results are reported in the Annual Oregon Water Quality Index Summary Report. Each monitoring station is given a numerical OWQI score (See Table 2-2) that is reported as a 10-year average. Both the Tualatin River and Fanno Creek were classified as having poor water quality in the 2005 report, meaning they received a 10-year average OWQI between 60 and 79. This barely misses the lowest ranking of very poor,which is a score below 60. Both water bodies received a very poor ranking based on the 10-year average reported in 1995. Better stormwater management,connecting residents to the wastewater system,and education about non-point source pollution helped improve water quality in the Fanno Creek watershed.The issuance of TDMLs in 1988 and improvements to wetland function is attributed to the increased OWQI for the Tualatin River. Environmental Quality 9 • • • 2 . Water Resources Quality Even with the poor ranking given by the OWQI, Table 2-2. Oregon Water Quality Index Scores(OWQI) there are currently no water bodies in Tigard that Average OWQI have been classified as 303d under the Clean Monitoring Site 1986-1995 1996-2005 Water Act. A 303d water body is not meeting Fanno Cr @ Bonita Rd 55 61 ambient standards set by DEQ and must Tualatin River @ Boones Ferry Rd 37 60 implement a water quality management program Source:Oregon Department of Environmental Quality to outline the steps needed to meet the standards. POINT SOURCE POLLUTION The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact point-source pollution within the City include: 10. Clean Water Act 11. Oregon Revised Statute 468b: Water Quality 12. Oregon Administrative Rule 340 13. Clean Water Services Design and Construction Standards Point source pollution is defined as having a concentrated outlet that can be monitored and measured.The predominance of point source water pollution is wastewater discharge from sewage treatment plants or industrial processes, and stormwater discharge into water bodies.This type of pollution is easily recognized because of a pipe or other means of visible transference to a water body.Attempts to reduce the negative impacts on water quality are taken through regulation and permitting requirements administered by DEQ. In the City of Tigard, CWS operates the Durham Wastewater Treatment Facility,which releases the treated wastewater into the Tualatin River. The facility is operating under the basin-wide NPDES permit and is in compliance with Clean Water Act regulations.The City has an IGA with Clean Water Services to perform management and maintenance tasks on City-owned wastewater infrastructure to ensure continued compliance with the regulations. Stormwater management and discharge is more complicated as it walks the line between point source and non-point source pollution. It can be classified as point source because of the network of catch basins, pipes, and outfalls that can be followed to the point of release into a water body. However, the pollution being transmitted is predominately from non-point sources such as fertilizer and pesticide run-off,parking lot run-off(oil, anti-freeze,gasoline), and pet waste. See the Non-Point Source and Stormwater Management sections below for more information. NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact non-point source pollution within the City include: 1. Clean Water Act 2. Oregon Revised Statute 468b:Water Quality 3. Oregon Administrative Rule 340 4. Clean Water Services Healthy Streams Plan 5. Tigard Community Development Code Environmental Quality 10 II/ • 2 . Water Resources Quality "Most people believe that the largest source of water pollution comes from a pipe, such as from factories and sewage treatment plants. But the fact is that the largest source of water pollution in Oregon's rivers, lakes and streams comes not from a pipe- but from surface water runoff. This type of pollution is called "non-point source" pollution because it comes from a wide variety of sources,not from a single discharge pipe" (Oregon DEQ). Non-point source is defined in Oregon Administrative Rule 340-41-006(17) as diffuse or unconfined sources of pollution where wastes can either enter into or be conveyed by the movement of water to public waters.This type of pollution cannot be traced back to a single origin,making it problematic to control or regulate. When it rains,water washes over driveways,roofs,agricultural lands, streets,lawns, construction sites, and logging operations picking up soil,garbage and toxics. The amount of pollution carried by rainwater, snowmelt and irrigation water flowing into streams and lakes,and through the soil into groundwater is much larger than pollution from industry. The primary types of non-point source pollution are: • Sediment from wind and water erosion of soils • Nutrients from fertilizers and animal wastes • Bacteria from animal wastes and septic systems • Pesticides • Toxics from manufactured and refined products like oil,paints, and anti-freeze The State of Oregon attempts to reduce sediment pollution through permit requirements for new developments. DEQ, in accordance with the Clean Water Act,requires a 1200-C Construction Stormwater General Permit (12-C) for construction activities that disturb one or more acres. The issued permit involves submitting an Erosion and Sediment Control Plan for the project. CWS and the City of Tigard act as permit agents after DEQ issues the 12-C. As with all non-point source pollution,it is difficult to quantify the contribution of fertilizer and pesticide run-off to diminished water quality. However,access to and how each is applied is largely unregulated and no training or education on their use is required for most purchases. This means public education and outreach, currently undertaken by CWS,is necessary to reduce the amount of these pollutants entering the water system. Bacteria from animal wastes are problematic in the Fanno Creek basin. Water quality tests administered by Clean Water Services found high concentrations of canine waste in the creek. This non-point source has been identified as a priority for public education and outreach, and must be addressed by pet owners on a personal basis to improve water quality in the basin. Bacteria from human waste,primarily from septic systems, are not nearly as problematic. However, the City is currently implementing a Citywide Sewer Extension Program to connect neighborhoods still using septic systems to the wastewater system.This program is proactive in helping to reduce future problems from non-functioning or failed septic systems. Toxics pollutants such as oil and anti-freeze are primarily introduced to water sources from motor vehicle run-off on impervious surfaces. Residents can reduce their impact by ensuring their vehicles are in good working condition and reducing their number of trips. Other toxic products like paint must be properly disposed of and outreach to residents is important to keep the toxics out the community's wetlands, streams,and lakes. The outreach will give them the information needed to ensure their actions to not decrease water quality in the City. Environmental Quality 11 • • 2 . Water Resources Quality STORMWATER MANAGEMENT The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact stormwater management within the City include: 1. Clean Water Act 2. Oregon Revised Statute 468b: Water Quality 3. Oregon Administrative Rule 340 4. Clean Water Services Stormwater Management Plan 5. Tigard Community Development Code Stormwater is a key factor in stream health as the management of quality and quantity influences the ability of a stream to absorb changes in water quality and hydrology. Clean Water Services holds the basin-wide MS4 permit for stormwater management and has also adopted the Stormwater Management Plan for the Tualatin River watershed. The City of Tigard implements the plan through an IGA with Clean Water Services and some primary requirements are: • Monthly street cleaning schedule • Catch basin cleaning • Line cleaning and repair • Water quality tract/facility maintenance Clean Water Services has required stormwater to be pretreated before it is discharged into any surface waters since 1991. However, highly urbanized older developments that lack these pretreatment facilities often experience a "first flush" of pollutants during the early autumn rains.The City of Tigard currently maintains 79 stormwater detention and water quality facilities (see Table 2-3).The numbers of private facilities are not tracked by the City and are generally on commercial properties,while City maintained facilities are Table 2-3.Tigard Water Quality Facilities predominately on residential properties. Type Number Acres Pond (wet or dry) 40 16.0 Water quality ponds and swales are intended to detain run Swale 23 12.1 off for filtration of pollutants and to copy a more natural, Filter System 5 n/a slower release into streams. Filter systems are generally used in developments that cannot accommodate a swale or pond, Detention tank 1 n/a and can be easily cleaned and maintained. Detention tanks Detention pipe 10 n/a and pipes provide little removal of pollutants,unless Total 79 28.1 combined with other facilities, but reduce the immediate Source:City of Tigard Public Works transfer of stormwater to a stream. This helps to prevent channel scouring and erosion. One of the greatest impacts on stormwater quality is the amount of impervious surface in a watershed. Impervious surfaces collect pollutants and toxins that easily run-off into the system and also increase the peak flow of storm events. Reducing the impervious surface coverage will encourage natural filtration of pollutants and help reduce the problems associated with scouring and erosion of stream channels from storm events. Additionally,green street concepts can provide a framework for improving stormwater quality through alternative designs and management principles. Burnham Street in downtown Tigard is scheduled to implement some green street concepts and act as a pilot project to assess the feasibility of future green street projects. Environmental Quality 12 • • 2 . Water Resources Quality STREAM AND RIPARIAN RESTORATION The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact stream and riparian restoration within the City include: 1. Clean Water Act 2. Clean Water Services Healthy Streams Plan 3. Tigard Community Development Code 4. Tigard Community Investment Program The CWS Healthy Streams Plan identifies stream channel and riparian restoration as activities that can contribute to improved water quality. Restoring native riparian vegetation is critical to water quality because of its ability to filter nutrients and provide shade, structure,and food sources to streams. Retrofitting or repairing stormwater outfalls and culverts are important to overall system function by reducing pollutant discharge and channel erosion. Clean Water Services has taken the lead on Fanno Creek projects in the City of Tigard,while the City is responsible for managing the tributaries to Fanno Creek.The City identifies projects and goals for restoration activities during the 5-year Community Investment Program. The currently scheduled projects for the City of Tigard are shown in Table 2-4. Table 2-4. CIP Projects and Goals These projects will enhance previous Project Type efforts that include the planting of Culvert approximately 30,000 native trees over the Fiscal Year Tree Planting Replacement Outfall Retrofit past six years as part of stream restoration 2006/2007 6,770 3 1 and enhancement projects. Additionally, 2007/2008 10,154 3 1 over the last six years the City has planted 2008/2009 13,539 3 1 an average of 50 street trees per year,25 2009/2010 16,924 3 2 trees each Arbor Day,and 250 trees in 2010/2011 20,309 3 2 parks,water quality sites,and other areas. Total 67,696 15 7 These efforts outside of the riparian area help improve water quality through Source:City of Tigard Public Works interception and evapotranspiration that reduces the amount of run-off entering streams. Clean Water Services has also been involved in restoration projects that intend to restore the function of wetlands and floodplains in the City. Re-meandering channels and placing large woody debris in them encourages over bank flow. This allows pollutants to be filtered out of the water system by the floodplain and associated wetlands. The latest project took place on Fanno Creek in Englewood Park during the summer of 2006. The importance of wetland and floodplain function has been acknowledged by the City and resulted in the Sensitive Lands chapter of the Community Development Code. The chapter regulates development activity in areas identified as sensitive to reduce negative impacts to surface water bodies in the community. Environmental Quality 13 • • • 2 . Water Resources Quality KEY FINDINGS • The Federal Clean Water Act regulates the release of pollutants into waterways through the NPDES permit. • Clean Water Services holds the NPDES permits for wastewater and stormwater in the Tualatin River watershed and submits plans to Oregon DEQ outlining best management practices. • The City of Tigard implements the NPDES permits through and IGA with Clean Water Services. The IGA outlines the functions the City must perform to ensure compliance. • Clean Water Services has a number of programs,including the Healthy Streams Plan,which addresses non-point source pollution in the watershed. • The City is devoted to improving water quality through the Sensitive Lands chapter of the Community Development Code and the Citywide Sewer Extension Program. • Water quality in the Tualatin River basin has been generally improving since the 1970s, despite continued urbanization in the watershed. • DEQ has characterized Fanno Creek and the Tualatin River as having poor water quality within the City of Tigard, but no water bodies currently have a 303d listing. • Point source pollution is predominately wastewater and stormwater discharge and is easily monitored and measured. • Non-point source is the largest source of water pollution in Oregon. • Run-off from impervious surfaces,pet waste,and erosion are problematic non-point sources. • Stormwater management is important to improving water quality in the City of Tigard and the City manages its system through the IGA with Clean Water Services. • The City maintains 79 water quality facilities that intend to remove pollutants and detain stormwater to reduce channel erosion. • Reducing impervious surfaces and using green street concepts can help improve stormwater quality. • Stream channel and riparian restoration activities can contribute to the reduction of water pollution. • The City has planted 30,000 native trees as part of stream restoration projects in the past six years. • The City has set a goal of planting 67,696 trees in the next five years. • Trees outside of the riparian zone can help improve water quality through interception and evapotranspiration. • Proper wetland and floodplain function can remove pollutants from the surface water system in the community. Environmental Quality 14 • • 3 . Land Resources Quality O V E R V I E W Development activity inevitably leads to the production of waste. From the construction process through occupancy,by-products of human activity must be collected and properly disposed of to protect the health and welfare of the community and its resources. To accomplish this, the State of Oregon has created rules and statutes that provide direction for the reduction and efficient removal of waste. The Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) has been charged with ensuring compliance with the rules and statutes,as well as preparing and adopting the Oregon State Integrated Resource&Solid Waste Management Plan.A significant outcome of the Plan was the creation of wastesheds (an area of the state that shares a common solid waste disposal system) and the requirement that local plans be developed for the wasteshed. The City of Tigard is a member of the Metro wasteshed and the local plan is the Regional Solid Waste Management Plan (RSWMP). The RSWMP is developed and administered by Metro and is currently being updated to address issues until 2015. The updated RSWMP will provide a framework for coordinating solid waste programs within the region, establishes direction for the system (reduction and recovery),identifies roles and responsibilities,and fulfills the state requirement that the Metro wasteshed have a waste reduction plan. The plan also addresses the impacts of future population growth on solid waste management and strives to minimize these impacts on land resources quality.The City participates in the process and implements the plan through the Washington County Cooperative,which includes a number of cities in the county. This regional collaboration is important to reducing the amount of waste generated and entering landfills. At the local level, the City is responsible for regulating and managing solid waste and recycling collection services within the city limits, and reviewing collection rates and service standards. Garbage and recycling collection services are provided by private haulers who operate within established franchise boundaries.The City enters into franchise agreements with the private haulers for the removal of solid waste generated from residential, commercial, and industrial customers. Currently,Pride Disposal Company and Waste Management have franchise boundaries that overlap Tigard and they have agreements for service with the City (see attached map). Additionally,Clean Water Services (CWS) operates the Durham Wastewater Treatment Facility within the city limits. CWS is responsible for the collection and disposal of waste that results from the treatment process. Environmental Quality 15 • • 3 . Land Resources Quality I N V E N T O R Y SOLID WASTE The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact solid waste collection within the City include: 10. Metro Regional Solid Waste Management Plan (RSWMP) 11. Oregon Revised Statute 459: Solid Waste Management 12. Oregon Revised Statute 459a: Reuse and Recycling 13. Oregon Administrative Rule 340-083 to 340-097 14. Tigard Municipal Code 11.04 The RSWMP meets the state requirements for local solid waste planning and gives the Pordand Metro region direction for meeting future solid waste needs.This includes the collection, transfer, and disposal of solid wastes, as well as identifying needed facilities (local and regional transfer stations). The plan also establishes waste reduction goals and outlines educational programs to meet the goals. The City directly implements the plan through franchise agreements with private haulers (Pride Disposal Company and Waste Management). Garbage is collected on a weekly basis and transported outside of the city limits to transfer stations for processing and disposal. Schedules,rates,and container sizes are established in the franchise agreement. There are currently no collection or processing facilities inside the city limits. Pride Disposal Company operates a local transfer station just south of the city limits (13980 Sherwood-Tualatin Rd., Sherwood, OR 503-625-6177) that is available for use by the general public. Per capita solid waste generation in the Metro region has been increasing at a rate of 3.2% over the last ten years. This data on solid waste collected is tracked and reported by the private haulers and is used by Metro to track regional trends and to assess the regional progress in achieving goals set in the RSWMP. RECYCLING The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact recycling services and goals within the City include: 14. Metro Regional Solid Waste Management Plan (RSWMP) 15. Oregon Revised Statute 459a: Reuse and Recycling 16. Oregon Revised Statute 459: Solid Waste Management 17. Oregon Administrative Rule 340-083 to 340-097 To encourage recycling in the Metro region, the wasteshed has set target goals for increasing the waste reduction rate. Waste reduction refers to prevention (reuse, backyard composting) and recovery (recycling, composting, and energy recovery). The region currently has a 59%waste reduction rate and has established a target of 64% by the end of 2009. The RSWMP has several targeted areas for increasing waste recycling in the region. They include programs for commercially generated organics, the building industry, hazardous waste,waste recovery, and collection services.All are vital to the regional effort, but the City is directly involved in only the collection services. Environmental Quality 16 • i 3 . Land Resources Quality Through the franchise agreements,recycling services are provided by private haulers (Pride Disposal Company and Waste Management) operating within the city limits. The services are available to commercial and residential customers. Materials that can be recycled curbside include: Newspaper Corrugated cardboard High-grade office paper Ferrous scrap metal Kraft paper Tin cans Non-ferrous scrap metal Aluminum Phone books Used motor oil Milk cartons Plastic bottles Magazines Empty aerosol cans Yard debris Mixed scrap paper Container glass Both private haulers offer 90-gallon co-mingle recycling containers that are collected weekly,glass bins that are collected monthly, and yard debris collection every other week.The schedules and container types are outlined in the franchise agreements. All materials collected curbside for recycling are transported outside of the city limits for processing.There are no facilities for collection or processing within Tigard. Pride Disposal Company operates a local recycling transfer station just south of the city limits (13980 Sherwood-Tualatin Rd., Sherwood, OR 503-625-6177) and Grimm's Yard Debris Composting facility (18850 SW Chipole Rd.,Tualatin,OR 503-692-3756)is located south of the city limits on Highway 99W. Both are open to the general public. The most recent data on recycled materials collected within the city limits is for the year 2005. Residential customers (Pride Disposal and Waste Management data) had a recovery rate of 53.5%,while commercial customers (Waste Management-only data) achieved a recovery rate of 22.7%. Two of the target areas that Metro has identified as having significant room for improvement are the construction and business sectors. Currently,neither is required to recycle in the Metro region, except in the City of Portland. They are encouraged through education, assistance, and business recognition programs, but the City of Portland has implemented a program that requires businesses to recycle at least 50% of their wastes. No such programs exist in the Metro region for construction and demolition debris,but the State of California has a law requiring cities to promote the recovery of these materials. The cities enact ordinances on an individual basis, but generally require a deposit on projects meeting specified criteria. Upon successfully recovering 50% of debris materials, the deposit is returned. The cities rely on waste recovery facilities to verify the amount of material recovered. HAZARDOUS WASTE The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact hazardous waste removal within the City include: 6. Metro Regional Solid Waste Management Plan (RSWMP) 7. Oregon Revised Statute 465&466: Hazardous Wastes and Hazardous Materials I & II 8. Oregon Revised Statute 459: Solid Waste Management 9. Oregon Administrative Rule 340-100 to 340-104 10. DEQ Household Hazardous Waste Plan Hazardous waste is defined in OAR 340-101-0033 and OAR 340-102-0011. Materials included in the definition range from household cleaning products to commercial pesticides to industrial wastes. The DEQ regulates hazardous waste in Oregon and it administers permitting, collection, disposal, and cleanup Environmental Quality 17 • • 3 . Land Resources Quality programs, as well as educational programs to reduce risks associated with hazardous wastes. Examples of these risks include fire,poisoning, environmental contamination, and injury to disposal system workers. It is the goal of DEQ to ensure the provision of services that address and reduce the highest risks first. Currently,DEQ has approved 92 permits in the City for hazardous waste generation. The permits range from retail paint stores to autobody shops to light manufacturers. There are also a total of 59 permits that have been issued for underground storage tanks for storing petroleum-based fuel products. The majority has been issued to gas stations,but a few permits are held by businesses to refuel a motor vehicle fleet. DEQ also oversees the cleanup of hazardous sites;Table 3.1 shows the current status and number of properties identified as environmental cleanup sites within Tigard.As of August 7, 2006, there have been 27 sites identified with almost half(13) needing no further state action. For complete definitions of site status see Appendix X. Table 3-1. DEQ Environmental Cleanup Sites in Tigard Proper planning for facilities and procedures to Number of dispose of hazardous waste can only provide a Site Status* Sites certain level of protection against the risks. The No Further State Action Required 13 other important component is education. Remedial Investigation 3 Businesses that use or produce hazardous waste State Expanded Preliminary Assessment and the companies that collect, store, and dispose Recommended (XPA) 3 of the waste are regulated by law. This process is effective in minimizing the risks from this sector. Site Screening Recommended (EV) 2 However, household products are not as easily Independent Cleanup Program 1 regulated and this is why education is important. No Further Action(Conditional) 1 The DEQ Household Hazardous Waste Partial No Further Action 1 Management Plan and the Metro RSWMP both Preliminary Assessment Equivalent provide direction and programs for educational Recommended (PAE) 1 activities. They include information on alternative Remedial Action 1 products, proper handling, and the locations of Site Investigation Recommended (SI) 1 disposal sites,which helps reduce household risk. Source:Oregon DEQ-August 7th,2006 Without proper disposal,household hazardous For status definitions please see Appendix X waste cause soil or water contamination. The DEQ Household Hazardous Waste Management Plan also provides funding for counties to administer collection events or develop permanent facilities. In the Metro wasteshed, two household hazardous waste facilities exist. They are located at the Metro Central transfer station (6161 NW 61st Ave,Portland) and Metro South transfer station (2001 Washington St., Oregon City).Additionally,Metro hosts a free household hazardous waste collection event throughout the summer months. The event moves weekly and has historically been located in Tigard at least once a year. Currently, there are no permanent hazardous waste collection, storage,or disposal facilities within the city limits. All hazardous waste is transported outside of Tigard for processing and disposal. Environmental Quality 18 • • 3 . Land Resources Quality WASTEWATER SLUDGE The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact sludge disposal within the City include: 5. Metro Regional Solid Waste Management Plan (RSWMP) 6. Oregon Revised Statute 459a: Reuse and Recycling 7. Oregon Revised Statute 459: Solid Waste Management 8. Oregon Administrative Rule 340-090: Recycling and Waste Reduction Clean Water Services recycles more than 31 dry tons of safe, nutrient-rich organic material from the millions of gallons of wastewater treated each day at their four facilities (the Durham facility is located in Tigard). The material,known as Biosolids,is produced from the solids that settle out during primary and secondary treatment. The solids are routed to digesters and undergo anaerobic bacterial digestion for a month,are dewatered, and transported outside of the city limits to be used as a soil amendment for local farms and rangeland in Eastern Oregon. KEY FINDINGS • The City is a member of the Metro wasteshed and the local plan is the Regional Solid Waste Management Plan (RSWMP),which complies with DEQ requirements. The plan provides a framework for coordinating solid waste programs within the region,establishes direction for the system (reduction and recovery), and identifies roles and responsibilities. • The City is responsible for regulating and managing solid waste and recycling collection services through franchise agreements with private haulers, and reviewing collection rates and service standards. • Clean Water Services (CWS) operates the Durham Wastewater Treatment Facility within the city limits and is responsible for the collection and disposal of waste that results from the treatment process. • There are currently no solid waste or recycling debris collection or processing facilities inside the city limits. • Per capita generation of solid waste has increased annually by 3.2% over the last ten years in the Metro region. • The recycling of solid waste conserves limited natural resources and energy. The recovery rate for residential recycling is close to targets set by the RSWMP, but commercial recovery rates are well below the target. • Target areas that Metro has identified as having significant room for improvement are the construction and business sectors,both of which have been regulated by other jurisdictions to improve recovery rates. • The DEQ regulates hazardous waste in Oregon and they administer permitting, collection, disposal, and cleanup programs,as well as educational programs to reduce risks associated with hazardous wastes. • Household hazardous waste is not easily regulated and is an educational priority for DEQ and Metro. • Currently, there are no permanent hazardous waste collection, storage,or disposal facilities within the city limits. All hazardous waste is transported outside of Tigard for processing and disposal. Environmental Quality 19 • • 4 . Energy Conservation O V E R V I E W Our way of life is powered by energy. From the construction process to home heating to getting around the community, affordable and reliable energy sources are counted upon to sustain our needs. Energy, defined as electricity, natural gas,renewable resources, home heating oil, and transportation fuel, also drives the economy and has a significant impact on the environment.These roles are important to consider when planning for future sources, distribution,conservation efforts,land use and development. The City of Tigard currently has no energy resources and no future plans to develop any generation or supply facilities. The Oregon Department of Energy (DOE) has taken the statewide lead by planning to ensure an adequate,affordable, and clean energy supply is available for Oregonians. The DOE produces the Oregon Energy Plan on a biennial basis,which assesses energy demand and supply in the state,issues affecting energy, and presents an action plan to meet the goals of the plan. Energy conditions and future issues identified by the 2005-2007 Oregon Energy Plan include: • Unstable energy pricing and supply will continue to affect communities as it did in 2002 when Oregonians spent 50% more per unit of energy to heat their homes than in 1998. • World oil production may peak in the next decade and begin a long-term decline. Coupled with a growth in worldwide demand,peak oil will maintain or increase already high oil prices. • Natural gas supplies from North America are declining,while prices have doubled in the past five years. Importing from overseas is an expensive option as it requires the gas to be liquefied, transport tankers, and regasification plants. Worldwide competition for the gas is also expected to increase. To address these issues, the Oregon Energy Plan recommends conservation efforts for households, businesses,industry, and transportation,as well as developing clean and renewable energy resources. These efforts can provide insulation from and reduce the community's vulnerability to volatile pricing and supplies. They are also consistent with State Goal 13 for maximizing the conservation of all forms of energy. Building efficiency standards, the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system, and weatherization programs are options for promoting energy conservation in buildings. Metro's Regional Transportation Plan (RTP) is required to address energy conservation, efficiency,and alternative transportation options under state and federal law. Options include driving less, buying fuel-efficient vehicles, or using alternative fuels. Local jurisdictions also have the ability to affect energy conservation efforts through developing efficient land use plans that promote compact,mixed use communities that reduce automobile trips.They can also lead by example by becoming more energy efficient as an organization or challenge residents to reach energy conservation goals set by the community. Environmental Quality 20 i • 4 . Energy Conservation I N V E N T O R Y ENERGY GENERATION & SUPPLY The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact energy generation& supply within the City include: 15. Oregon Revised Statute 469: Energy; Conservation Programs;Energy Facilities 16. Oregon Administrative Rule 330 and 345 17. Oregon Energy Plan The City of Tigard currently does not supply energy for the community, or own and operate any generating facilities. Private corporations supply the energy needed to meet the demand of the community. The private corporations own and operate the appropriate supply resources,which may require easements or the use of City-owned rights-of-way. Electricity Hydro Portland General Electric (PGE) provides electric services to Tigard residents Energy derived from (residential and commercial). They do not have any generating facilities within the water sources, such City, but do have five substations and high voltage power lines within the city as dams limits. PGE is responsible for the operation,maintenance, and repair of its facilities. While the majority of electricity supplied in the state is generated from hydro (44%) Geothermal or coal (42%),PGE also purchases power generated from wind and geothermal Energy derived from sources. Customers can choose a "green" option and pay a slightly different rate the internal heat of for only renewable sources (which includes hydro) or for 100%wind generated the earth power. Natural Gas Natural gas is supplied by Northwest Natural Gas. There are no processing or storage facilities within the city limits,but a number of gas main lines cross the City for servicing the customer base. Northwest Natural is responsible for the operation, maintenance,and repair of their facilities. They also offer conservation services to both residential and commercial customers. Residential customers can request a free energy audit or take advantage of weatherization incentives. Commercial customers are charged for an energy audit. Alternatives City of Tigard residents also have the alternative to generate their own energy. Solar-generated power and wood heating are the two most common options available to the community. Solar power panels have the capacity to supply enough energy for a single home or business and require a building permit prior to installation. No data exists on the number of residents employing the solar power option. Burning wood for heat is another viable option that has been widely used in the past. Again, there is no data on the number of residents using wood burning stoves, fireplaces, or furnaces. The major problem with the use of wood as heat is the potential impact on air quality. See the Comprehensive Plan section Air Quality Resources for more information. Environmental Quality 21 • • 4 . Energy Conservation The State of Oregon encourages energy conservation and renewable energy development through incentive programs. The Business Energy Tax Credit and State Energy Loan Program encourage large-scale renewable systems. These incentives have brought manufacturers of renewable source equipment to Oregon and also supported private sector facilities such as the large solar installation at Kettle Foods in Salem. The State's Residential Energy Tax Credit can also be used to purchase energy-efficient appliances to reduce the energy demand of the community. Transportation Fuel The largest consumption of energy in the state is by the transportation sector (38% of energy use in Oregon and two-thirds of all oil used in the U.S.is for transportation). Gasoline and diesel are the primary fuels and are distributed by private corporations primarily through retail stations. High usage of this energy source has impacts on supply,pricing, and air quality(see the Comprehensive Plan section"Air Quality Resources" for more information). Several alternatives have been developed to offset the demand and effects of gasoline and diesel,but supplies are limited and there is currently no data in regards to the availability in the community. They include ethanol,biodiesel, compressed or liquefied natural gas,propane,and electricity. State tax credits and energy loans are offered for most alternative fueled vehicles available on the market. This is in line with the federal policy that directs states to adopt alternative fuels to reduce dependence on foreign oil or to improve air quality. LAND USE PLANNING & EFFICIENCY The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact land use planning within the City include: 18. Oregon Administrative Rule 660 19. Oregon Transportation Planning Rule 20. Metro Functional Plan 21. Regional Transportation Plan 22. Title 18:Tigard Municipal Code 23. Tigard Transportation System Plan The impact of land use planning on the conservation of electricity or natural gas is limited. Building size, bulk, and surface area can affect the energy efficiency of a structure, but the geographic location within the City will not greatly affect the usage of either energy source. However, the specific on-site location and orientation of a structure may provide the opportunity to take advantage of solar radiation. The impacts could include the need for less artificial lighting, an increase in the ambient air temperature inside the structure, and the opportunity to harness the solar radiation for on-site power generation. The City currently provides some flexibility,with set-back adjustments and variances during the land use planning process that could take advantage of the benefits of solar radiation. In addition to the on-site location and orientation of a structure, the building design can have an impact on energy conservation. Currently, Oregonians spend 15% of their total energy use on their homes (2005-2007 Oregon Energy Plan). A number of energy-efficient building materials and appliances are available for contractors'use and can greatly reduce the amount of energy needed to operate the structure. The City of Tigard promotes energy efficient designs through the current Oregon Residential Specialty Code,which has a chapter devoted to energy efficiency standards. The Code has been adopted by the City and is implemented by the Building Department. Environmental Quality 22 • 4 . Energy Conservation The greatest impact on energy conservation from land use planning is through helping to reduce the number of automobile trips taken by residents. By providing transportation options and encouraging good neighborhood design, the City can help decrease the amount of gasoline and diesel fuel that is consumed while driving. A few examples of land use planning strategies used to facilitate this decrease are: • Establishing mixed-use zones to encourage working,living, and shopping in the same neighborhood • Providing opportunities for increased density along public transit lines • Developing a public transit system that is reliable, connected, and efficient • Building a bicycle and pedestrian network that is connected, safe,and accessible • Connecting streets for efficiency and reducing congestion • Re-use of vacant land and those uses which are not energy efficient LOCAL GOVERNMENT EFFORTS The applicable rules, statutes and plans that impact local government efforts within the City include: 11. Tigard Five Year Strategic Resource Management Plan The City of Tigard is promoting a set of organizational values that embrace sustainability,resource management and conservation. These efforts help set an example for the entire community to follow. Currently, the City is developing a Five Year Strategic Resource Management Plan that outlines a number of goals, objectives, and tasks that will help the City become more energy efficient. Included in the plan are educational activities, developing templates to include conservation efforts when planning the Community Investment Plan or Capital Maintenance Projects, creating a process for evaluating efforts, and analyzing maintenance and purchasing policies for vehicles and equipment. Currently, the City's two greatest energy expenditures are for street lighting and water transfer pumps. Energy conservation efforts already undertaken by the City include: • The purchase of 8 hybrid vehicles with one more scheduled to Table 4.1 PGE Greenest Cities be purchased in fiscal year 2006-07 1 Lake Oswego • A scheduled cost/benefit analysis of the hybrid vehicles and 2 Portland alternative fuels such as biodiesel and ethanol 3 West Linn • Participation in the DEQ Employee Commute Options 4 Brightwood program that encourages employees to use alternative forms of 5 Beaverton transportation to commute to work (see the Comprehensive 6 Government Camp Plan section "Air Quality Resources" for more information) 7 Sherwood • Participation in the Westside Transportation Alliance,which 8 Tualatin provides information on and challenges organizations to utilize 9 Hillsboro alternative transportation options (see the Comprehensive Plan 10 Oregon City section "Air Quality Resources" for more information) Source:Portland General Electric • The use of energy-efficiency audits on City owned buildings Ranked by%of renewable customers in each city A number of other local jurisdictions have also undertaken efforts to conserve energy that the City can evaluate as potential options. Some examples include: Environmental Quality 23 S 4 . Energy Conservation • The City Council of Corvallis challenged residents and businesses to sign up for renewable energy to reach a goal of 15% participation. They also increased the City's purchase of renewable energy to 7% and the City is recognized as a U.S. EPA Green Power Partner. • The City of Portland adopted a policy of incorporating green building principles and practices into new construction or major retrofits of public buildings. The efforts must reach the "Certified"level of the Portland LEED Green Building Rating System and are encouraged to reach the highest rating (Silver, Gold, or Platinum) possible. • The City of Portland adopted a renewable-fuel standard to begin in July 2007. All diesel fuel purchases must contain at least a 5% biodiesel blend and gasoline purchases must contain at least 10% ethanol. KEY FINDINGS • The Oregon Department of Energy (DOE) publishes a biennial report that provides general information and quantitative data which can assist the City in making energy related decisions. • Transportation is the largest use of energy in the State at 38%. A considerable reduction in energy use can be made with individuals altering their habits related to the use of motor vehicles. • The City has no energy generation or supply facilities and therefore the community's energy supply and pricing is controlled by forces beyond its direct influence. • Unstable energy pricing and supply will continue to affect communities as it did in 2002,when Oregonians spent 50% more per unit of energy to heat their homes than in 1998. • World oil production may peak in the next decade and begin a long-term decline. Coupled with a growth in worldwide demand,peak oil will maintain or increase already high oil prices. • Natural gas supplies from North America are declining,while prices have doubled in the past five years. Importing from overseas is an expensive option as it requires the gas to be liquefied, transport tankers, and regasification plants. Worldwide competition for the gas is also expected to increase. • The DOE recommends conservation efforts for households, businesses,industry, and transportation, as well as developing clean and renewable energy resources for insulation from and to reduce the community's vulnerability to volatile pricing and supplies. • A number of alternative fuel options exist for motor vehicles, but supplies and availability are limited. • Local jurisdictions have the ability to affect energy conservation efforts by reducing automobile trips through developing efficient land use plans that promote compact,mixed use communities. • The City can lead by example by becoming more energy efficient as an organization or challenge residents to reach energy conservation goals set by the community. • Large energy uses which the City has control over include street lighting,water transfer pumps, heating and cooling of municipal buildings, and the motor vehicle pool. • Solar-generated power and wood heating are the two most common options available to the community for producing their own energy. Wood heating can be problematic to air quality due to the release of fine particulate matter. • The City currently provides some flexibility,with set-back adjustments and variances during the land use planning process, that could take advantage of solar radiation. • Weatherization,energy efficient building materials and appliances, and alternative energy sources can all reduce energy consumption in buildings. Environmental Quality 24 • r 4 . Energy Conservation • The following land use planning strategies can result in a more energy-efficient community: • Establishing mixed-use zones to encourage working,living, and shopping in the same neighborhood • Providing opportunities for increased density along public transit lines • Developing a public transit system that is reliable, connected, and efficient • Building a bicycle and pedestrian network that is connected, safe,and accessible • Connecting streets for efficiency and reducing congestion • Re-use of vacant land and those uses which are not energy efficient Environmental Quality 25