Plans (701) 1032 -A N.E. 65th Stree <) 5
Northwest Seattle, WA 98115
Wall and PHONE: (206) 524 -4243
a;f! ,, ] 7 r ',::. , .0%!:!.t:,:':::-.7,,,;;;., Ce iling FAX (206) 524 - 4136
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C ISCA
the power of partnership
Ceilings & Interior Systems Construction Association
•
These guidelines cover metal ceiling suspension systems structure shall be designed and constructed to resist a lateral
used primarily to support acoustical tile or acoustical lay -in force specified, for example, International Building Code
panels and are based on Uniform Building Code Standard (IBC). Where the ceiling system provides lateral support for
(UBCS) 47 -18 (1988 edition) and on Title 24, CAC, nonbearing partitions, it shall be designed for the prescribed
requirements for schools. They are not intended to be a lateral force reaction from the partitions as specified in the
substitute for review by design professionals. Partitions section of these guidelines. Connection of lighting
,!:. fixtures to the ceiling system shall be designed for a lateral
--)1.; ii,� ;,, force of 100 percent of the weight of the fixture.
t .CLASSIFICATION 2. Grid Members, Connectors and Expansion Devices
t v The main runners and cross runners of the ceiling system
The structural performance required from a ceiling and their splices, intersection connectors, and expansion
suspension system shall be defined in terms of a suspension devices shall be designed and constructed to carry a mean
system structural classification. The load - carrying capacity ultimate test load of not less than 180 pounds or twice
shall be the maximum uniformly distributed load (pounds the actual load, whichever is greater, in tension with a 5-
per linear foot) that a simply supported main runner section degree misalignment of the members in any direction and
having a span length of 4 feet 0 inch is capable of supporting in compression. In lieu of a 5- degree misalignment, the
without a mid -span deflection exceeding 0.133 inch, or load may be applied with a 1 -inch eccentricity on a sample
1/360 of the 4 -foot 0 -inch span length. The structural not more than 24 inches long on each side of the splice.
classification listed in a Manufacturer's recommendations The connectors at splices and intersections all shall be of
shall be determined by the capability of main runners. These the mechanical interlocking type. Where composition or
classifications shall be: configuration of ceiling system members or assemblies
1. Light -Duty Systems: Used where ceiling loads other and their connections are such that calculations of their
than acoustical tile or lay -in panels are not anticipated, such allowable load - carrying capacity cannot be made in
as residential or light commercial structures. accordance with established methods of analysis, their
2. Intermediate -Duty Systems: Used primarily for ordinary performance shall be established by test. Evaluation of
commercial structures in which some ceiling loads, due to test results shall be made on the basis of the mean values
light fixtures and air diffusers, are anticipated. resulting from tests of not fewer than three identical
3. Heavy -Duty Systems: Used primarily for commercial specimens, provided the deviation of any individual test
structures in which the quantities and weights of ceiling result from the mean value does not exceed plus or minus
fixtures (lights, air diffusers, etc.) are greater than those for 10 percent.
an ordinary commercial structure. 3. Substantiation
Cross runners shall be capable of carrying the design load Each ceiling system manufacturer shall furnish lateral
(as dictated by job conditions) without exceeding the loading systems, indicating the following: a. Maximum
maximum allowable deflection equal to 1/360 of its span. bracing pattem and minimum wire sizes. b. Tension and
� �f. ,� compression force capabilities of main runner splices, cross
!t- /A,47* runner connections, and expansion devices. All tests shall be
i LATERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS conducted by an approved testing agency.
Suspended ceilings that are designed and constructed to
support ceiling panels or tiles, with or without lighting ' INSTALLATION t:,, t ;; x .1 ,
fixtures, ceiling mounted air terminals, or other ceiling .
mounted services shall comply with the requirements of
1. Vertical Hangers
this standard.
Suspension wires shall not be smaller than No. 12 gage
Exceptions: spaced at 4 feet on center or No. 10 gage spaced at 5 feet on
1. A ceiling area of 144 square feet or less surrounded by center along each main runner unless calculations justifying
walls that connect directly to the structure above shall be the increased spacing are provided. Each vertical wire
exempt from the lateral load design requirements of these shall be attached to the ceiling suspension member and
standards. to the support above with a minimum of three turns. Any
2. Ceilings constructed of lath and plaster or gypsum board, connection device at the supporting construction shall be
screw or nail attached to suspended members that support capable of carrying not less than 100 pounds. Suspension
a ceiling on one level extending from wall to wall shall be wires shall not hang more than 1 in 6 out -of -plumb unless
exempt from the lateral load design requirements of these countersloping wires are provided. Wires shall not attach to
standards. or bend around interfering material or equipment. A 1.,,,, or equivalent device shall be used where obstructions
.5, x ri, preclude direct suspension. Trapeze suspensions shall be a
' MINIMUM DESIGN LOADS minimum of back -to -back 1 -1/4 inch cold -rolled channels
; , for spans exceeding 48 inches.
1. Lateral Forces 2. Perimeter Hangers
Such ceiling systems and their connections to the building The perimeter ends of each cross runner and main runner
1
. _i
shall be supported independently a maximum of 8 inches fixtures (see figure 7), these cross runners must provide
from each wall or ceiling discontinuity with No. 12 gage the same carrying capacity as the main runner. If the cross
wire or approved wall support. These wires shall not hang runners are not the same carrying capacity as the main tees,
more than 1 in 6 out -of -plumb and must be connected to an supplementary, No. 12 gage hanger wires shall be attached
adjacent wall or to the structure above. to the grid members within 3 inches of each corner of each
3. Lateral Force Bracing fixture supported by a cross tee.
Where substantiating design calculations are not provided, Light fixtures weighing less than 10 pounds shall have
horizontal restraints shall be effected by four No. 12 gage one, No. 12 gage hanger wire connected from the fixture
wires secured to the main runner within 2 inches of the cross housing to the structure above. This wire may be slack.
runner intersection and splayed 90 degrees from each other Supplementary hanger wires are not required.
at an angle not exceeding 45 degrees from the plane of the Lighting fixtures weighing more than 10 pounds but less than
ceiling. A strut fastened to the main runner shall be extended 56 pounds shall have, in addition to the requirements outlined ,
to and fastened to the structural members supporting the above, two No. 12 gage hanger wires connected from the
roof or floor above. The strut shall be adequate to resist the fixture housing to the structure above. These wires may be
vertical component induced by the bracing wires. These slack.
horizontal restraint points shall be placed 12 feet on center Lighting fixtures weighing 56 pounds or more shall be
in both directions with the first point within 6 feet from supported directly from the structure above by approved
each wall. Attachment of the restraint wires to the structure hangers. Supplementary hangers are not required.
above shall be adequate for the -load imposed. Lateral force Pendant -hung lighting fixtures shall be supported directly •
bracing members shall be spaced a minimum of 6 inches from the structure above using No.9 gage wire or an approved
from all horizontal piping or duct work that is not provided alternate support without using the ceiling suspension system
with bracing restraints for horizontal forces. Bracing wires for direct support.
shall be attached to the grid and to the structure in such a
manner that they can support a design load of not less than '"
Y PP .�
200 pounds or the actual design load, with a safety factor of
2, whichever is greater.
` MECHANICAL :.- '
re-}
4. Perimeter Members Ceiling mounted air terminals or services weighing less
Unless perimeter members are a structural part of the than 20 pounds shall be positively attached to the ceiling
approved system, wall angles or channels shall be suspension main runners or to cross runners with the same
considered as aesthetic closures and shall have no structural
carrying capacity as the main runners.
value assessed to themselves or their method of attachment
to the walls. Ends of main runners and cross members shall Terminals or services weighing 20 pounds but not more than
56 pounds shall have in addition to the above, two No. 12
be tied together to prevent their spreading. gage hanger wires connected from the terminal or service to
5. Attachment of Members to the Perimeter the ceiling system hangers or to the structure above. These ,
To facilitate installation, main runners and cross runners wires may be slack.
I .
may be attached to the perimeter member at two adjacent Terminals or services weighing more than 56 pounds shall
walls with clearance between the wall and the runners be supported directly from the structure above by approved
maintained at the other two walls or as otherwise shown or hangers.
described for the approved system. ,
.4n
n k.; Y � 4 , 4 PARTIT % � 1 , . ` ,
"' ; ∎ r:: :� ., a
LI ' A, >t f � w � ' ' 2
''''-',: The drawings shall clearly identify all systems and shall i
Only Intermediate and Heavy Duty ceiling systems as define or show all supporting details, lighting fixture
defined in the Classification section of these guidelines may attachment, lateral force bracing, partition bracing, etc. Such
be used for the support of lighting fixtures. definition may be by reference to this standard, or approved
All lighting fixtures shall be positively attached to the system, in whole or in part. Deviations or variations must be
suspended ceiling system. The attachment device shall shown or defined in detail.
have a capacity of 100 percent of the lighting fixture weight s` ,.
acting in any direction.
When intermediate -duty systems are used supplementary .,, DRAWINGS AND, SPECIFICATIONS ; ..<
No. 12 gage hanger wires shall be attached to the grid ,
- •`-
members within 3 inches of each corner of each fixture. V T t
The drawings shall clearly identify all systems and shall
Tandem fixtures may utilize common wires. define or show all supporting details, lighting fixture
Where heavy -duty systems are used, supplemental hangers attachment, lateral force bracing, partition bracing, etc. Such
wires are not required if a 48 -inch modular hanger wire definition may be by reference to this standard, or approved
pattern is followed. When cross runners are used without system, in whole or in part. Deviations or variations must be
supplemental hangers wires to support the ends of lighting shown or defined in detail. i
2 I,
x1
6 ; FIGURE 1 CEILING GRID DETAILS ,
Wall connection
8° Max. 8" Max.
or see note 1
f 12 ga. hanger wire or see note 1
Min. 3 turns i--
Main or cross runner
° Wall connection
III Acoustic panel - 111
Wall angle
1 II
Wall angle
Pop rivet .
(see note 2)
Detail B
Acceptable hanger wire connection to grid
Main runner 12 ga. hanger wire
Min. 3 tums
d • Notes
Cross runner 1 . Eight inches or 1/4 the length of the end runner —
Acoustic panel .!!III ! I l I I 11 I I I l i l 1 l I I I I I 1 ' 1 I I I I I I !I . h 1 ' I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I ' i l l 1 1 1 1 I I 1 9 1 1 1 1 1 I I I 1 1 1 1 l ' 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 , 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 !I11h whichever is less
2. optional, if used, attach only to two adjacent walls
5 • FIGURE 2 SUGGESTED .DETAILS:WIRECONNECTIONS TO WOOD CONSTRUCTION •
Detail A Detail B
Wood joist or rafter At wood joist or rafter
3 -1 1/2' x 9 ga. staples or 1/4' dia. screw eye with full thread
{ 3 - stronghold "J° nails b embedment (1 1/4° min.) 3' Max.
at each wire loop i Bracing wire Joist or rafter
1' Min.
Hanger wire
Bracing wire
Joist or rafter
Detail C Detail D
At wood joist or block To bottom of joist %yl
3.1 112" x 9 ga. staples or /�� + J For bracing wires – fully embed screw eye IIJJ //�'
3 - stronghold "J" nails at each wire loop ,, —Jr threads in direction of wire 2 Min.
N! � ' 1/4° dia. drilled hole " I 4
2 x blkg. w/2 - 16d common nails ea. end t ' - �� l
J Saddle tie – (See Detail G)
Bracing wire ` Hanger wire
Note: Solid blocking required for either type of bracing
3
Detail E Detail F
Bracing wire parallel to wood truss Micro-lam upper flange
Web member
Saddle tie (see Detail G)
Bottom chord 1 Do not insert screw eyes into side
of micro -lam flange —�
Hanger wire Bracing wire
Bracing wire
Detail G Detail H
Typical saddle tie Micro-lam lower flange
Dimensions greater Note: Do not Insert screw eyes parallel to laminations
than 1/2' (see Detail 9 (detail may also be used at top chord)
( 1F - 741 1
1/4` dia. screw eye with 1 1/4' min. penetration
Hanger wires & bracing wires – 3 turns
Hanger wire I
1' Min. •
`.'
FIGURE '3 WIRE ATTACHMENT TO CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION
Detail A Detail B
Vertical hanger wire attachment Splayed seismic bracing wire attachment
Shot in anchor `Hilli' DN27P87 or equal
5/16" drill -in expansion anchor
n minimum
3/4"— o ° •
•
Structural concrete
Structural concrete 45°
Ceiling clip 'NW or equal 13 ga. x 3/4" wide max •
Steel strap 1' wide x 2' long x 12 ga.
minimum
3 turns -; 3 turns
I �.
Vertical hanger wire Splayed seismic bracing wire
Detail C Detail D
Wire `Pigtail' w/ 2' dia. loop & 4' tail Wire `Pigtail' w/ 2' dia. loop & 4' tail
Structural concrete /SEX:
• 'r'!
Structural concrete 45° Max. "•.• •
''
Vertical wire hanger . +i
Bracing wire
4
Y lwx ' FF 4
{ .. e.k FIGURE 4 SUGGESTED DETAILS :WIRE CONNECTIONS TO STEEL CONSTRUCTION;_
Detail A Detail B
At steel beams At open -web steel joist
Structural shape j Web members
Steel strap (See Figure 3, Detail B)
Bottom cord s
Q 'HiIU' celiling dip or equal
(See Figure 3, Detail A) Vertical hanger wire
See Figure 3, Detail A and B
Splayed seismic bracing wire Splayed seismic bracng wire
Vertical hanger wire
Detail C Detail D
At steel roof deck At steel roof deck
Insulation over steel deck Insulation over steel deck
2 -#8 x U2" self tapping screws , d 20 ga. min.
Bracing wire #3 x 12• rebar
Steel straps 3' wide x 4' long x 12 ga Hanger wire — tie to #3 rebar with
three wraps around rebar and one
Note: If self tapping screws are used with concrete fill, set screws before wrap around wire
placing concrete.
FIGURE 5 SUGGESTED DETAILS:WIRE CONNECTIONS TO STEEL CONSTRUCTIONS
R ,
Detail A Detail B
At steel deck with insulating fill At steel deck with concrete fill
Non - structural concrete fill Structural concrete fit
Steel deck II Steel deck
See Figure 4, Detail B for altemate support detail , Shot -in or expansion anchor 1W1614 Ted
#3 rebar x length req'd to cover min. of
Head' eye bolt (load testing required)
four high corrugations Wire "Pigtail
Hanger wire (See Figure 3, Detail C)
Note: Bracing wire detail similar
Detail C Detail D
At steel deck with concrete fill At steel deck with concrete fill
Structural concrete till I Structural concrete fill
Steel dedk a r 0 • o ' Steel deck ; t
4 1;;;P 6 - •
p°, i ki Vi • }, .
e.
(See Figure 3, Detail B) See Figure 3, Detail A
Bracing wire Hanger wire
Note: If self tapping screws are used with concrete fill, set screws
before placing concrete
5
4 FIGURE 6 SOFFIT DETAIL .
No. 1c ru hanger wire 11.1"."1".--
strut runner r
strut for seismic typ. % 2 x wood joist Ilgr Wood joist ` f
No. 12 Ga. splay (See struct.) (See t•),
No. 12 Ga. hanger
wire @ 6' -0" o.c.
«�
wire @ each
runner MIIIMA "11
‘...?"* -- /in f/
Gyp board .sue ,:
�� �� Pop rivet wall `7 •
angle support 3" x 1/4" dia. 3" x 1/4" dia. CCCIII
closed eye closed eye screw
screw with 1" with 1" min.
min. penetration penetration
into wood into wood
��� Note: No. 12 Ga. No. 12 Ga. r i
_• • IC" Bend and pop rivet hanger or hanger or splay
tee or No. 6 tec screw. splay wire wire where occurs
where occurs
Note:
Wires shall be attached to suspension members
with a minimum of three turns.
`' FIGURE 7 LOCATION OF SUPPLMENTAL HANGERS OR REQUIRED CROSS TEE STRENGTHS
Intermediate Duty Main Tee
�� a ® Supplemental Hanger Wire Locations
. ►` ��
2' x 4' 2' x 4' within Three Inches of the Corner
Light Fixture Supplemental Light Fixture 16 lb./Ft
i �► �r Hanger Wires .►� �, 4' Cross Tee
�p �� as Shown �► 1� or Supplemental Main Tee (Black)
as Hanger Wires
■
as Shown
Cross Tee (Green)
Intermediate Duty Main Tee Heavy Duty Main Tee
Intermediate Duty Main Tee Heavy Duty Main Tee
gr4
2' x 4' 2' x 2' 2' x 2'
Light Supplemental Light 2 x 4, 161bJFt. Light
Fixture Hanger Wires �,, xture �� Li ht 4' Cross Tee ® Fix t ur e ®
as Shown ► �� Fixture or Supplemental
MI Hanger Wires
as Shown
Intermediate Duty Main Tee Heavy Duty Main Tee
' Intermediate Duty Main Tee Heavy Duty Main Tee
I 111111.11111M.1111 11111111.1.11111=111110
1 1 2'x4' Supplemental 2'x2' 2'x4' 4' Cross Tee 2'x2'
Light Hanger Wires Light Light or Supplemental Light
I Fixture as Shown Fixture Fixture Hanger Wires Fixture
ng& AL 14 0 iii �i
1 Intermediate Duty Main Tee Heavy Duty Main Tee
it
6
. = ~;fir.,
FIGURE 8 TYPICAL BRACING
.
1
1 ® Bracing Location
f B-6
L
AA J _ ><
1
>< i_
_4
0 EE
6' -0 Max. 12' -0 12' -0
>< >< 1 1 1
�' < D D
1 � —
1 c
I L L
i ><
■
® >• 0 0 —
I
1
I
i
i
i
C
1 A -A B -B C -C
I
or less or less or less
/ Strut stabilizer
/ AA or similar device
/ Cross runner Main runner 0 w Main runner 0
/ t
/ Po rivet - optional Cross tee Cross tee
i / Pop P Pop rivet - optional slot Nail slot
I / 2 adjacent sides only 2 adjacent sides only
See next image D -D below
D -D E -E
! . 45° or less ( 45° or less
or less Strut stabilizer ..
or similar device /
` 12 Ga. splayed
■ brace wires
K0�— 45° or less 11/ 45° or less
Il l Cross runner j
Main beam
I
Nail Cross tee . /` .S
Lateral bracing 6-0" or less
1 Same references as shown on C-C from wall -12 -0" on center
I 7
I
1
q: tp'�tv
ai (: ?4�' �4,
r FIGURE'9 'SEISMIC ZONE MAP OF THE; UNITED STATES
i
i
I 41 it
a, eaLZ.
P li°
, sxKt /lCS'�
I 111
x
I rot
1
. #1111
I
1111.11111111111 ajillill
I ler
I 0�
1111111111
1 4 00 t >
o
■
Ell Zone 3
1032 -A N.E. 65th Street
Zone 4 Northwest Seattle, WA 98115
■ Wall and PHONE: (206) 524 -4243
1 Ceiling FAx: (206) 524 - 4136
I. Bureau www.nwcb.org • info @nwcb.org
INDUSTRYWIDE COORDINATION & DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION
i
8
(45) Designation: C 636 — 04
, u1
INTERNATIONAL
Standard Practice for
Installation of Metal Ceiling Suspension Systems for
Acoustical Tile and Lay -In Panels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 636; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Installation of Components
1.1 This practice covers the installation of suspension sys- 2.1 Hangers:
tems for acoustical tile and lay -in panels. It is applicable to 2.1.1 Where acoustical ceilings are suspended from a struc-
contractors whose services are utilized for installing acoustical ture of wood construction, attach hangers with suitable me-
ceilings and to other trades if their activities are responsible for chanical devices either to the bottom edge of the wood joists or
interference with ceiling components or performance as de- to the vertical face of the wood joists near the bottom edge.
fined in this recommended practice. Holding power tests certified by the manufacturer must be
1.2 While the practices described in this document have available on request for bottom edge attachment devices.
equal application to rated fire - resistive suspension systems, 2.1.2 Where acoustical ceilings are suspended from a struc-
additional requirements may have been imposed to obtain the ture of concrete construction, mount hangers using cast -in-
fire endurance classification of particular floor - ceiling or roof- place hanger wires, hanger inserts, or other hanger attachment
ceiling assemblies. These details should be obtained from the devices whose suitability has been demonstrated by standard
manufacturers. construction practice or by certified test data.
1.3 Similarly, additional detailing may be necessary to meet 2.1.3 Space hangers for carrying channels or main runners 4
sound attenuation requirements when ceiling plenums extend ft 0 in. (1.2 m) on centers. If local situations allow greater
over contiguous rooms. These, too, should be obtained from center distances between hangers, reduce the load - carrying
the manufacturer of the acoustical material employed. capacity of the ceiling suspension system commensurate with
1.4 The values stated in inch -pound units are to be regarded the actual center -to- center hanger distances used. If local
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for situations allow lesser center distances between hangers, in-
information only. crease the load - carrying capacity of the ceiling suspension
1.5 While many of the practices described in this practice system commensurate with the actual center -to- center hanger
have application to the installation of metal suspension systems distances used.
in exterior environments, the specific design of exterior ceiling 2.1.4 Each suspension wire shall not hang more than one in
installations requires the review and approval of the architect six out of plumb unless a countersloping wire or horizontal
or engineer, or both, who are responsible for the construction bracing is provided. See Fig. 1 for allowable countersloping
of the building or modifications to an existing building. While methods. Suspension wires should not press against ducts or
recommendations from the manufacturer should be solicited, it pipes.
remains the final responsibility of the architect/engineer to 2.1.5 Hangers formed from galvanized sheet metal stock
ensure proper application of the materials in question. shall be suitable for suspending carrying channels or main
1.6 This standard does not purport to address of the safety • runners from an existing structure provided that the hangers do
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility not yield, twist, or undergo other objectionable movement.
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and 2.1.6 Wire hangers for suspending carrying channels or
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory main runners from an existing structure shall be prepared from
limitations prior to use. a minimum of No. 12 -gage (2.05 -mm) galvanized, soft -
annealed, mild steel wire.
2.1.7 In some installations hanger wires are secured to
' This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on Environ- special attachment devices that support the carrying channels
mental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility . of Subcommittee E33.04 on or main runners. Such attachment devices shall have certified
Application of Acoustical Materials and Systems.
Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originally load test data from an independent test laboratory and shall be
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C 636 — 03. capable of carrying five times the design load.
Copyright C ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428 -2959, United States.
1
Copyright by ASTM Intl (all rights reserved);
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0 C 636 -04
A M INIMUN MINIMUM
5• ANGLE
45 ANGLE
a ° 0 0 a
METHOD 1
MINI'tiM MINIMUM MINIMUM MINIMUM
ANGL A S' ANGLC 45' ANGLE \A ANVLG
I
7
al _ 0 0 0l0 00 J
METHOD 2
`11 1, 1 ,t
1, ,t
MINIMUM , NI ANGLE
'
�5' ANGLE � 5' ANGLE
i !1.►
METHOD 3
FIG. 1 Allowable Countersloping Methods
2.2 Carrying Channels: 2.2.4 In installations where hanger wires are wrapped
2.2.1 Install the carrying channels so that they are all level around carrying channels, the wire loops shall be tightly
to within I/s in. in 12 ft (3.2 mm in 3.66 m). formed to prevent any vertical movement or rotation of the
. 2.2.2 Perform leveling with the supporting hangers taut to member within the loop.
prevent any subsequent downward movement of the carrying 2.3 Main Runners:
channels when the ceiling loads are imposed. 2.3.1 Install main runners so that they are all level to within
2.2.3 Local kinks or bends shall not be made in hanger wires 1/4 in. in 10 ft (6.4 mm in 3.05 m). Determine evaluation of
as a means of leveling carrying channels. levelness from measurements taken below hanger points. Make
2
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C 636 — 04
the measurements after completion of the ceiling installations judged suitable both before and after ceiling loads are imposed
but prior to building occupancy. if the joint provides sufficient alignment so that the exposed
2.3.2 Where main runners are supported directly by hang- surfaces of two abutting main runners lie within a vertical
ers, perform leveling with the supporting hanger taut to prevent distance of 0.015 in. (0.38 mm) of each other and within a
any subsequent downward movement of the main runners horizontal distance of 0.015 in. (0.38 mm) of each other.
when the ceiling loads are imposed. 2.6.2 There shall be no visually apparent angular displace -
2.3.3 Local kinks or bends shall not be made in hanger wires ment of the longitudinal axis of one runner with respect to the
as a means of leveling main runners. other.
2.3.4 In installations where hanger wires are wrapped 2.6.3 Assembly devices shall provide sufficient spacing
through or around main runners, the wire loops shall be tightly control so that horizontal gaps between exposed surfaces of
wrapped and sharply bent to prevent any vertical movement or either abutting or intersecting members shall not exceed 0.020
rotation of the member within the loops. The wire must be in. (0.51 mm).
wrapped around itself a minimum of three full turns (360° 2.6.4 Spring wire clips used for supporting main runners
each) within a 3 -in. length. See Fig. 2 for an example. shall maintain tight contact between the main' runners and the
2.3.5 When installing fire resistive main runners, all fire carrying channels when the ceiling loads are imposed on the
expansion relief cut outs in the main runner shall be installed runners.
within three inches of a vertical support hangar wire. Vertical 2.7 Ceiling Fixtures:
support hangar wire spaced greater than three inches from fire 2.7.1 Mount fixtures installed in acoustical tile or lay -in
expansion relief cutouts is only permitted when the load panel ceilings in a manner that will not compromise ceiling
performance has been evaluated at the greater distance. performance.
2.4 Cross Runners: 2.7.2 Fixtures shall not be supported from main runners or
2.4.1 Install cross runners supported by either main runners cross runners if the weight of the fixture causes the total dead
or by other cross runners to within 1/22 in. (0.79 mm) of the load to exceed the deflection capability of the ceiling suspen-
required center distances. This tolerance shall be noncumula- sion system. In such cases, the fixture load shall be supported
tive beyond 12 ft (3.66 m). by supplemental hangers within 6 in. (152 mm) of each corner,
2.4.2 Intersecting runners shall form a right angle. or the fixture shall be separately supported.
2.4.3 The exposed surfaces of two intersecting runners shall 2.7.3 Fixtures shall not be installed so that main runners or
lie within a vertical distance of 0.015 in. (0.38 mm) of each cross runners will be eccentrically loaded except where provi-
other with the abutting (cross) member always above the sion is inherent in the system (or is separately provided for) to
continuous (main) member. prevent undesirable section rotation or displacement, or both.
2.5 Splines— Splines used to form a concealed mechanical In any case, runners supporting ceiling fixtures shall not rotate
joint seal between adjacent tiles shall be compatible with the more than 2° after the fixture loads are imposed.
tile kerf design so that the adjacent tile will be horizontal when 2.7.4 Where fixture installation would produce rotation of
installed. Where splines are longer than the dimension between runners in excess of 2 °, install fixtures with the use of suitable
edges of supporting members running perpendicular to the accessory devices. These devices shall support the fixture in
splines, place the splines so that they rest either all above or all such a manner that main runners and cross runners will be
below the main running members. loaded symmetrically rather than eccentrically.
2.6 Assembly Devices:
2.6.1 Join abutting sections of main runner by means of 3. Interference of Ceiling Related Components
suitable connections such as splices, interlocking ends, tab 3.1 The specifier shall designate the type of suspension
locks, pin locks, and so forth. A joint connection shall be system to be employed and shall communicate to all parties
concerned the necessary details of the acoustical ceiling to
satisfactorily identify the number, size, spacing, location, and
types of fixtures to be accommodated in or above the ceiling.
3.2 Prior to the beginning of ceiling work at a construction
site, the ceiling contractor and other contractors whose work is
related to the ceiling installation shall designate all areas of
potential interference between ceiling components and compo-
nents from other trades.
- -.- 3.3 All areas of interference that arise following the begin-
3. MAX. ning of ceiling construction shall be reported by the contractors
involved to the general contractor or the specifier, or both, as
soon as the interference is observed.
4. Appearance
r 4.1 Lighting:
4.1.1 Where light from fixtures, cove lights, or high win-
dows strikes the surface at a small angle, even slight uneven -
FIG. 2 Hanger Wire Tie Detail ness of joints of acoustical tile may result in unsatisfactory
3
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C636 -04
appearance. Under such conditions beveled tile should be used 5. Inspection
in preference to square edge tile and installed with considerable 5.1 The inspection of specific ceiling areas for acceptability
care. shall be made with lighting conditions corresponding to that of
4.1.2 The unfavorable appearance sometimes produced by final building occupancy. If temporary lighting must be used,
edge lighting of ceilings suggests the desirability of using flush care shall be taken to position lights such that temporary
or recessed mounted lighting fixtures wherever this problem conditions will approximate the final lighting condition.
may be a critical one. Ceiling shadows cast by strong natural
light coming through high windows also suggests the desir- 6. Keywords
ability of using tinted glass, blinds, or draperies to soften or 6.1 acoustical ceiling; acoustical tile; lay -in panels; metal
diffuse the light entering such openings. ceiling suspension system; suspension systems
ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should
make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428 -2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address or at 610 - 832 -9585 (phone), 610 - 832 -9555 (fax), or service @astm.org (e- mail); or through the ASTM website
(wwwastm.org).
•
•
4
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Reproduction authorized per License Agreement with Mark Fowler (Northwest Wall AFFILIATION Ceiling Bureau); Tue Nov 2 17:05:15 EST 2002
1032 A N.E. 65th Street
CeBin
Northwest Seattle, WA 98115
Phone: (206) 524 -4243
Wall and Fax: (206) 524 -4136
Ceiling
Bureau www.nwcb.org • info @nwcb.org
Industrywide Coordination & Development Association Seismic Design Categories
January 2004
The installation of lay -in acoustical ceilings would vary from region to region in the
United States. The "Seismic Zone" could have an impact on the need for additional
lateral force bracing. Seismic zones were first introduced into the building codes in 1935
and have been continually updated over the years. A seismic zone is solely dependent on
the probable site ground motion for a region. This was developed through experience of
where earthquakes were most likely to happen and to what severity.
The new International Building Code (IBC) will not have seismic zones. The new term is
Seismic Design Category (SDC) and is based on much more than merely the region of
the country. Design categories are A,B,C,D,E and F. The SDC is based on three basic
criteria.
1. Probable Site Ground Motion
2. Soil (site class)
3. Building Occupancy use
Building occupancy groups are broken into 4 types.
• Type IV is for agricultural buildings
• Type III is for essential buildings
• Type II is for Structures that represent a substantial hazard in the event of
collapse or failure
• Type I is for buildings that do not fit type II or III or IV
Probable site motion is based on FEMA maps, the maximum spectral acceleration and the
design acceleration response.
Site class is based on the type of soil. Soil classifications are A,B,C,D,E or F.
A. Hard Rock
B. Rock
C. Very dense soil , soft rock
D. Stiff soil (default)
E. Soft soil
F. Special Soil
The process to determine the SDC must be done by an engineer. However, it can stated
that Seismic Design Categories D,E and F are roughly equivalent to zones 2,3 and 4, at
least as far as ceilings is concerned. Seismic Design Categories A and B are roughly
equivalent to zones 0 and 1. Seismic Design Category C has no UBC equivalent.
International Building Code (2000)
Suspended Ceiling Installation Requirements
All Seismic Design Categories
Free Floating Components source: IBC 1621.2.1
Architectural components supported by chains or otherwise suspended
from the structure are not required to meet lateral seismic force
requirements so long as they are capable of moving a minimum of 12
inches or swing 45 degrees off vertical, without damage or contacting an
obstruction. Gravity design Toads must be three times operating Toad.
Seismic Design Categories A & B
The IBC does not require any special installation considerations for suspended
ceiling installations in these categories. It is assumed that the basic standards
listed in ASTM C 636, Standard Practice for Installation of Metal Ceiling
Suspension Systems for Acoustical Tile and Lay -In Panels should be followed.
Wall Molding .
Wall molding is not mentioned in the C 636 standard. All options are •
• available and no standard practice for attachment is specified. •
Hangers .
• Attachment of the hangers to the building structure must be by means
demonstrated to be suitable by standard construction practice or by •
certified test data. SOURCE: ASTM C636 -96, SECTION 2.12
. Space hangers four feet on center or adjust suspension system allowable
load based on actual center spacing. SOURCE:ASTMC636.96, SECTION2.1.3
Hangers must be plumb within one in six (6108) unless counter - sloping
wire or horizontal bracing is provided. SOURCE: -96, SECTION 2.1.4
Wire hangers must be minimum 12 -gage galvanized, soft- annealed, mild
steel wire. SOURCE: ASTM C 636-96, SECTION2.1.6
Devices used to attach wires to the grid must be certified to carry five
times the design load. SOURCE: ASTM C 636 -96, SECTION2.1.7
,� 1032 -A N.E. 65th Street
NOr flI1 V S WA 98115 (206) 524 -4243
Wall and Fax: (206) 524 -4136
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Industrywide Coordination & Develonment Accnrint;in
•
Wires loops must be tightly formed and secured by a minimum of three
complete wraps completed within three inches.
SOURCE: ASTM C 636-96, SECTION 2.3.4
Main Beams
No performance standard is given for Toad carrying capacity of the mains
beams. Components are to be selected based on the design Toads of the
ceiling assembly.
Mains are to be level within 1 /4" in 10 feet. SOURCE ASTM c 636 -96, SECTION223.1
Connections must align properly (60.015" vertical or horizontal) and there
shall be no visually apparent angular displacement.
SOURCE: ASTM C 636 -96, SECTION 2.6 1 '
• Gaps between connected main beams must be Tess than 0.020 ".
SOURCE: ASTM C 636 -96, SECTION2.6.3
Cross Tees
Must be installed within 1/32" of required center spacing.
SOURCE: ASTM C 636 -96, SECTION 2.4.1
Must form right angles with the main beams. No tolerance is specified.
SOURCE: ASTM C 636 -96, SECTION 2.4.2
Must be flush with the mains. ( -0.0 "+0.015") SOURCE: ASTMC636 -96, SEC77ON2.4.3
Seismic Design category C
IBC 2000 calls for suspended ceilings in this category to be installed in
accordance with CISCA 0-2. These recommendations were first published July 1,
1991 and were reprinted September 1, 2002 with minor changes. The objective
of this standard is to create a free - floating ceiling.
The following requirements are in addition to those listed for ASTM C 636.
Ceiling Weight •
The actual weight of the ceiling system, including grid, panels, light
fixtures, and air terminals is to be no more than 2.5 psf.. All other services
must be supported independently from the ceiling system. When the
average ceiling weight exceeds 2.5 psf the ceiling is to be installed to
meet the CISCA 3-4 provisions. SOURCE: CISCA 0-2, PG 3, SEC 4, #3
• 1032 -A N. 65th Street
Northwest Seattle, WA 98115
NO
No t ll and Phone: (206) 524 -4243
W ill a Fax: (206) 524 -4136
-3- Bureau www.nwcb.org•infoenwcb.org
Industrywide Coordination & DevelopmentAssoclation
��■ 1032 -A N.E. 65th Street
Phone: (06 524 -4243
Wall n Fax (20 6) 524 -4136
Ceiling
Bureau www.nwcb.org • Infoenwcb.org •
Wall Molding Industrywide Coordination & Development Association
Moldings must have horizontal flange of at least 7/8 inch.
SOURCE: CISCA 0-2, PG 4, SEC 1, #5
The terminal ends of the grid must rest on the molding with at least 3/8"
clearance from the wall and at least 3/8" perch on the molding.
SOURCE: CISCA 0-2, PG 4, SEC 1, 115
Shadow molding may be used to meet this requirement.
SOURCE: CISCA 0-2, PG 4, SEC 1, I!5
Perimeter attachment is not permitted. SOURCE: CISCA -2, PG4, SEC 1, #6
When the horizontal leg of the molding is less than 7/8 of an inch wide the
terminal ends of each cross tee and main beam must be independently
supported within 8 inches of the wall or ceiling discontinuity. This support
may be 12 -gage hanger wire or other support to prevent the grid from
failing. These perimeter wires may attach to the structure above or to the
wall above the plane of the ceiling. Wires must be plumb within one in six
and the 3/8 -inch end clearance must be maintained.
SOURCE: CISCA 0-2, PG 4, SEC 1, #5
For essential facilities the option to use a molding less than 7/8 of an inch
wide is eliminated, the perimeter wires are required, and the minimum
clearance between ends of suspension system components and the wall
is increased to 1 inch. SOURCE: CISCA 0-2, PG 4, SEC 1, #7
Hangers
Normal hanger wires are not specified in CISCA 0 -2. It is assumed that
they must meet the requirements set in ASTM C 636.
Suspension System
Main Beam and cross tee intersections and splices must have connection
strengths of at least 60 pounds in compression and in tension.
SOURCE: CISCA 0-2, PG 3, SEC 4, #2
Perimeter spacers
Perimeter components must have spacer bars, or some other suitable
system, to prevent spreading. SOURCE: CISCA 0.2, PG 4, SEC 1, #6
Light fixtures
Fixtures weighing 56 pounds or less must have to 12 -gage wires attached
at diagonal comers, and these wires must be slack. Fixtures weighing in
—4—
excess of 56 pounds must be independently supported from the building
structure. SOURCE: CISCA 0-2, PG 3, SEC 4, #1
Partition Attachment
The ceiling system may not be used to support for walls or partitions. Any
attachment mechanism must allow the ceiling to move 3/8 of an inch in
any direction. SOURCE: CISCA 0-Z PG 4, SEC 1, #4
Penetrations
All ceiling penetrations are to be treated as perimeter closures and must
allow the minimum 3/8" clearance by use of suitable escutcheons or
closure details. SOURCE: CISCA 0-4 PG 4, SEC 1, #5
Seismic Design Categories D, E & F
Category D, E & F ceilings are to be designed and installed according to CISCA
3 -4 and eight additional requirements listed in section 1621.2.5.2.2 of the IBC.
Ceilings constructed of lath and Plaster or screw applied gypsum board are
exempt from these requirements.
This practice creates a restrained ceiling.
The following is a combination of the requirements spelled out in the two
referenced documents.
Wall Molding SOURCE: IBC 1621.2.5.2.2 #2
Moldings must have a horizontal flange of at least2 inches.
The ceiling grid must be attached to the molding at two adjacent walls.
Unattached ends of the grid system must have 3 /4 of an inch clearance
from the wall and must rest upon and be free to slide on the molding.
Hangers SOURCE: CISCA 3 -4
Suspension wires must be minimum 12 -gage when spaced at 4 -foot
centers or 10 -gage at 5 feet.
Attachment devices must be capable of supporting 100 pounds.
-5-
•
Attachment at main beam and at structure shall be secured with a
minimum of three complete turns
Perimeter Support SOURCE: CISCA 3 -4
Terminal ends of each main beam and cross tee must be supported within
8 inches of each wall or ceiling discontinuity with 12 -gage wire or
approved wall support. These wires must be plumb to within one in six
and may attach to the adjacent wall or to the structure above.
Perimeter spacers SOURCE: CISCA 3-4
Ends of main runners and cross tees shall be tied together to prevent their
spreading.
•
Suspension System SOURCE: CISCA 3-4 & IBC 1621.2.5.2.2
Main Beams must be heavy duty. (SOURCE: IBC 1621.2.5.2.2 #1)
Main Beam and cross tee intersections and splices must have connection
strengths of at least 180 pounds in compression and in tension.
•
Cross tees supporting Tight fixtures must have the same load carrying
capacity as the main beams or be fitted with supplemental hangers.
Cross tees supporting mechanical services must have the same load
carrying capacity as the main beam.
Lateral Force Bracing SOURCE: CISCA 3-4 & IBC 1621.2.5.2.2
Ceiling areas greater than 1,000 square feet must have lateral force
bracing. (SOURCE: IBC 1621.2.5.2.2 #1)
Rigid bracing may be used instead of diagonal splay wires. (SOURCE: IBC
1621.2.5.2.2 #1)
Bracing must limit ceiling movement to less than 1 /4 -inch at the point of
attachment. (SOURCE: IBC 1621.2.5.2.2 #1)
•
Splay wire bracing shall be clusters of four 12 -gage wires attached to the
main beam within 2 inches of the cross tee intersection. Wires are
arrayed 90 degrees from each other at an angle not exceeding 45 degrees
from the plane of the ceiling.
A N.E. th St reet
Seat WA 98
Northwest pho 1032 - (206) 52 4243
C{Neall diang l Fax (206) 524 -4136
Bureau
—s— www.nwcb.org • Info @nwcb.org
Industrywide Coordination & Development Association
•
A strut, with stiffness adequate to resist the vertical loads imposed, shall
be attached to the suspension system and to the structure above at each
bracing location.
Horizontal restraint points shall be no more than 12 feet on center in each
direction and the first point shall be within 6 feet of each wall.
Attachment of the bracing wires to the main beam and to the structure
shall be capable of supporting the greater of 200 pounds or the actual
design Toad with a safety factor of 2.
Light fixtures SOURCE: CISCA 3-4
All fixtures must be positively attached to the suspension system. The
attachment device must be able to withstand 100% of the weight of the
fixture acting in any direction.
Fixtures weighing 56 pounds or less must have two 12 -gage wires
attached at diagonal comers, and these wires may be slack. Fixtures
weighing in excess of 56 pounds must be independently supported from
the building structure.
Pendant mounted fixtures must be supported directly from the structure
using 9 -gage wire. They may not use the ceiling suspension system for
support.
Mechanical Services SOURCE :. CISCA 3-4
Must be positively attached to the suspension system main beams or to
cross tees with the same load carrying capacity.
Terminals or services weighing 20 pounds to 56 pounds must have two
12 -gage wires connecting them to the ceiling system hangers or to the
structure above.
Terminals or services weighing more than 56 pounds must be
independently supported.
•
Partition Attachment SOURCE: IBC 1621.2.7
Partitions attached to the ceiling suspension system shall be laterally
braced to the building structure. This bracing is to be independent of any
ceilings splay wire bracing.
Exception: Partitions not taller than nine feet as long as the horizontal
seismic Toad does not exceed 5 Ib /sf.
•
-7-
•
Penetrations SOURCE: IBC 1621.2.5.2.2 #5
Except when rigid bracing is used, sprinkler heads and other penetrations
must have 2 -inch oversized trim to allow 1 -inch horizontal movement in all
• horizontal directions.
Seismic Separation Joints SOURCE: IBC 1621.2.5.2.2 #4
Ceiling areas greater than 2500 square feet must have seismic
separation joints or full height partitions unless analyses are performed
to demonstrate that the closure trims and angles provide enough
clearance to accommodate the additional ceiling movement.
Height Transitions SOURCE: IBC 1621.2.5.2.2 #6 •
Changes in ceiling plane elevation must have positive bracing.
Cable Trays SOURCE: IBC 1621.2 5.2.2 #7
Cable trays and electrical conduits shall be independently supported and
braced independently of the ceiling.
Special Inspection SOURCE: IBC 1621.2.522 #8
Suspended ceilings are subject to special inspection as described in
section 1704. This inspection entails manufacturer certification of
component performance and periodic inspection of the suspended ceiling
system anchorage system.
Useful Web Site Links
•
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Armstrong Web site address http: / /www.ceilings.com - 8
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ASTM Web site address http: / /www.astm.org / o
BOCA Web site address http: / /www.bocal.ora/ 'n OF) in O q
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BSSC Web site address http: / /www.nibs.ora/ Z 3 t g
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FEMA Web site address htto: / /www.femamov • r 4 a
ICBO Web site address http:/ /www.icbo.ora/
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ICC Web site address http: / /www.inticode.orq/ a E v
SBCCI Web site address httx l /sbcci.oro/ Za C
USGS Web site address httW /cjeohazards.cr.usos.gov /eq/
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1032 -A N.E. 65th Street
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— Industrywide Caordlnatlon & Development Association
. _ __ _ _ ___ __ __
CategoryD,E&F
d eta i I s Spacer bar, or other
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1032 -A N.E. 65th Street
Seattle, WA 98115
Northwest
Walt we o 524 -4243
� � 'ng Fax: Phne: (206) (206) 524 -4136
—10—
Bureau www.nwcb.org • info@ nwcb.org
Industrywide Coordination & Development Association