Ordinance No. 95-19 r
M
CITY OF TIGARD, OREGON
ORDINANCE NO. 95-E—
AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND PROVISIONS OF THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CODE BY ADOPTING A
REVISED CODE CHAPTER 18.150 REGARDING TREE REMOVAL (ZOA 92-0004) AND NEW SECTIONS
18.24.070.
WHEREAS, the City of Tigard finds it necessary to revise the Community Development Code
periodically to improve the operation and implementation of the Code; and
WHEREAS, the City of Tigard Planning Commission reviewed proposals for revising Section
18.150 at public hearings on January 4, 1993, October 4, 1993, and January 17, 1994 and
at work segsnions September 20, 1993, October 18, 1993, December 28, 1993 and February
7, 1994; and
WHEREAS, the City of Tigard Planning Commission voted to recommend the revised Section
18.150, which was revised by the City Council and then revamped after review by a City
Council appointed Tree Task Force as shown in Exhibit 'A"; and
WHERE.&&, the City Council held public hearings on July 12, October 11, 1994 and January
24, 1995 to consider the drafts of a proposed amendment and a further public hearing
on September 12, 1995 to consider a revised ordinance as recommended by the Tree Task
Force.
THE CITY OF TIGARD ORDAINS AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1: The proposal is consistent with all relevant criteria as noted below:
The relevant criteria is this case are Statewide Planning Goals 1,
2 and 5, City of Tigard Comprehensive Plan Policies 1.1.1 a. and c.,
2.1.1, 2.1.3 and 3.4.2.b. and Implementation Strategy 4 of Policy
3.4 and Cowmunity Development Code Chapter 18.30.
The proposal is consistent with the applicable Statrswide Goals based
on the following findings:
1. Goal 1, Citizen Involvement, is met because the City has
followed its adopted citizen involvement program which
involved review by neighborhood planning organizations and
public hearings as listed above. The City's citizen
involvement policies in the comprehensive plan have been
acknowledged to be in compliance with Goal 1. Notice for all
hearings was provided in the Tigard Times which summarized and
outlined the amendments being made to existing code provisions
and was done so for each public hearing. Copies of the latest
revised ordinance drafts have always been available at least
seven days prior to the hearings 'which follow Community
Development Code procedure.
2. Goal 2, Land Use Planning, is met because the City has applied
all relevant Statewide Planning Goals, City Comprehensive Plan
Policies and Community Development Code requirements in review
of this proposal.
3. The Council has reviewed the Goal 5 questions and arguments
raised by David Smith (in letters dated January 17, 1994, July
11, 1994, and October 4, 1994), and understands the concern
raised by DLCD that the ordinance is part of the City's Goal
5 implementation program.
The Council adopts by this reference the analysis of these
issues provided by the City Attorney (in memoranda dated March
1, 1994 and August 31, 1994). We conclude that the amendments
to the Tree Removal Chapter of the Community Development Code
do not require amendment of the City 's Goal 5 implementation
program or a new Economic, Social, Environmental and Energy
i
�iljllgl !IIIIII pig!Ili
•
~ amount of land falling under this permit requirement.
Previously, the ordinance excluded developed residential
property. That term was left undefined by the ordinance;
staff interpreted it as including any residential property, 3
acres or less in area with an existing use. It now includes
all land which either contains no existing use or which is
capable of further' subdivision or partitioning. The Council
finds this to improve the effectiveness of implementation of
Strategy 4 by placing more land under the term 'undeveloped,
and providing vegetation thereon with better protection.
4. Community Development Code Section 18.30 which establishes
procedures for legislative code changes is satisfied according
to the aboi findings.
SECTION 2.: Community Development Code Chapter 18.150 shall be revised as shown in
Exhibit 1A0, and Section 18.24.010 and shall be added as shown in Exhibit
SECTION 3: This ordinance shall be effective 30 days after its passage by the
Council, approval by the Mayor, and posting by the City Recorder.
PASSED: By UYUn-irn"ni'D vote of all Council members $$r sent after
being read by number and title only, this Pol day of
&-tiyve,�S.B/V , i995.
----
Catherine Wheatley, City Rdkor er
APPROVED- This ay of �1�,
1,
Approved as to form: 3a e icoli a Mayor
City Attorney
fqi
Date
I Mr. Smith further contends that the City could avoid Goal 5 by
adopting ordinances that meet the objective of the Forest
Practices,Act (FPA).
The City Council finds that: 1) when the original drafts were
reviewed, the Department of Forestry said it would no longer
administer the FPA within City limits and the City's
regulations (including erosion control requirements adopted by
the City and required by the Unified Sewerage Agency) were
more restrictive than the FPA. (See letter -from Kevin Birch
dated January 25, 1993); 2) the City Council prefers to retain
local control rather than return to general state regulation;
and 3) this amendment is pursuant to the FPA.
The proposal is consistent with the City's acknowledged
Comprehensive Plan based on the following findings:
1. Policies 1.1.1 a. and c. are satisfied because the proposed
code changes are consistent with Statewide Planning Goals as
indicated above and the changes help to keep the development
code current with local needs,
2. Policies 2,1.1 and 2.1.3 are satisfied because the proposal
has been reviewed at multiple public hearings, work sessions
and neighborhood groups beginning in January, 1993 through the
present.
3. The Council has reviewed the argument concerning
Implementation Strategy 4 of Plan Policy 3.4 (hereinafter
referred to as Strategy 4) contained in the letters of David
Smith dated January 17, 1994, July 11, 1994, and October 4,
1994.
The Council adopts by this reference the analysis of this
issue provided in the City Attorney's memorandum of March 1,
1994. - We concluded that Strategy 4 is satisfied by the
amended ordinance.
The Council finds the proposed ordinance to satisfy 'Strategy
4 because the ordinance as amended will continue to protect
large and unique stands of trees and major vegetation areas as
called for by that strategy. That strategy provides: 'where
there exists large or unique stands of trees or major
vegetation areas within the planning arca on undeveloped land,
the City shall ensure that development proposals do not
substantially alter the character of the vegetation areas
through the planned development process and the 'tree cutting'
section of the Community Development Code.'
In his lotter January 17, 1994 letter, Mr. Smith suggests that
this policy is effectively amended because the proposed new
ordinance addresses 'all trees on undeveloped land . ..°
The Council finds this reasoning to be unpersuasive.
Strategy 4 does not require that the tree removal ordinance
necessarily be circumscribed to those areas (large or unique
stands of trees or major vegetation areas) which it describes.
Rather, it requires that ordinance must carry out the strategy
by 'ensuring that development proposals do not substantially
alter the character' of the described areas. The Council
finds that the amended ordinance does so in that it requires
development proposals, brought under the restrictions of the
ordinance by the Site Development Review proses,
§18.120.180.A.1.1, to obtain permits for tree removal.
g18.150.030.A. To obtain such a permit requires a. showing
that, among other things, the removal is 'necessary' for the
development to take place. S18.150.040.C. This requirement
is unchanged from the current ordinance. Some of the
applicable criteria have changed.. Notably, reasonable
alternative to the removal cannot exist. Also changed is the
(ESEE) inventory and analysis under Goal 5 and its
-- implementing rules.
AD
The Council recognizes that the City's Goal 5 implementation
Program references the tree removal ordinance. However, the
Council notes that the specifically identified function of the
ordinance under that plan iR to protect 'major vegetation on
undeveloped 'land' in the Little Bull Mountain Forest. volume
1, Page I-97, Natural Features and Open Space Comprehensive
Plan Report. By showing that the amended ordinance will
continue to provide this protection, the Council finds
compliance with the City's Goal 5 ESEE plan. Since that plan
itself is acknowledged as in compliance with the goal, the
ordinance does not require a new ESEE analysis. Many
ordinances may be referenced as part of a Goal 5 implementing
program. However, to require a new ESEE analysis upon any
amendment to such ordinances would produce an absurd result
which is not required under the Oregon land use system. Under
that system, the various implementing measures of the
comprehensive plan, including the Goal 5 implementation plan,
are the guiding documents of the development ordinances. Upon
acknowledgement, the plan is presumed to be in compliance with
the goal. Ordinances, thus, must show compliance with the
plan. The key issue for the Council to determine is whether
the amended ordinance continues to fulfill its requirement
under the implementing program.
Fir. Smith contends that under Goal 5, 'the City must first
inventory the location, quality and quantity of the trees it
wants to protect., He thus reasons that upon such inventory,
the City must follow the rest of the Goal 5 process, including
an ESEE analysis. The Council finds Smith's premise, that
trees are a resource required to be inventoried under Goal 5,
to be faulty. Reference to the goal makes clear that trees
per se are not e:. listed resource. The City Attorney's
memorandum Of August 31, 1994 more fully sets out this
reasoning.
The, Council finds that the amendments will serve to maintain
or increase the protection provided by the existing language.
The Tree Removal Chapter as amended will continue to protect
°major vegetation on undeveloped land" within the Little 3ull
Mountain Forest, the only such requirement in the City's Goal
5 EVRE analysis in volume 1, Appendix I of the acknowledged
Comprehensive Plan. The identified resource areas will not
change, and need not be re-inventoried or re-analyzed because
of these amendments.
The Council finds no other reference to the Tree' Removal
chapter in the City's acknowledged Natural Features and Open
Spaces Report. Therefore, we find also that the amended Tree
Removal Chapter will serve the same Goal 5 function as the
existing acknowledged Tree Removal Chapter.
The Council finds that, in fact, these amendments have the
effect of increasing protection for "major vegetation on
undeveloped land. Under the existing ordinance, developed
land is exempted form the permit requirement. Since the term
'developed land' was not defined in the ordinance, it became
a matter of staff interpretation. That interpretation was
made as including any lot or parcel with an existing use. By
setting out a definition which includes in developed
residential land only those lots or parcels with an existing
use which are not capable of being subdivided or partitioning
nder this permit
the amended ordinance will place more land u
requirement. The Council finds that such a result increases
the level of resource protection sought by the implementation
program.
13
s
August 22, 1995
CITY OF TIGARD
EXHIBIT "A" TO
ORDINANCE NO. '15-JCJ
CHaI�PTE R 18.150
TREE REMOVAL
Sections:
18.150.010 Purpose
18.150.020 Definitions
18.150.025 Tree Plan Requirement
18.150.030 Permit Requirement
18.150.040 General Permit Criteria. - Discretionary - Mitigation
18.150.045 Incentives for Tree Retention
18.150.050 Expiration of Approval - Extension of Time
18.150.060 Application Submission Requirements
18.150.070 Illegal Tree Removal -- Violation - Replacement of
Trees
JFA,150.010 Pur hose.
A. After years of both natural growth and planting by residents,
the City noir benefits from a large number of trees. These
trees of varied types add to the aesthetic beauty of the
cormunity, help clean the air, help control erosion, maintain
water quality and provide noise harriers.
B. The purposes of this chapter are to:
1. Encourage the preservation, planting and replacement of
trees in the City;
2. Regulate the removal of trees on sensitive lands in the
City to eliminate unnecessary removal of* trees;
3. Provide for a tree plan for developing properties;
4. Protect sensitive lands from erosion;
S. Protect water quality; and
7. Provide incentives for tree retention and protection;
8. Regulate commercial forestry to control the removal of
trees in an urban environment.
C. The City recognizes that, notwithstanding these purposes, at
the time of development it may be necessary to remove certain
EXHIBIT "All TO ORDINANCE No. 95-
Page 1 '
trees in order to accommodate structures, streets, utilities,
and other needed or required improvements within the
development. (Ord. 8906; Ord. 83-52)
18- 150.020 Definitions.
A. Except where the context clearly indicates otherwise, as used
in this chapter:
1. "Canopy cover" shall mean the area above ground which is
covered by the trunk and branches of the tree.
2. "Commercial forestry" shall mean the removal of ten or
more trees per acre per calendar year for sale.
3. "Hazardous tree" shall mean a tree which by reason of
disease, infestation, age, or other condition presents a
known and immediate hazard to persons or to public or
private property.
4. "Pr=ingi9 shall mean the cutting or trimming of a tree in
a manner which is consistent with recognized tree
maiatenance practices.
5. "Removal" shall mean the cutting or removing of 50
percent (50%) or more of a crown, trunk or root system of
a tree, or any action which results in the loss of
aesthetic or physiological viability or causes the tree
to fall or be in immediate danger of falling. "Removal"
shall not include pruning.
6. "Tree" shall wean a standing woody plant, or group of
such, having a trunk which is six inches or more in
caliper size when measured four feet from ground level.
7. "Sensitive lands" shall mean those lands described at
Chapter 18.84 of the Coda.
B. Except where the context clearly indicates otherwise, words in
the present tense shall include the future and words in the
singular shall include the plural.
18.150.025 Tree PlannReggirement
A. A tree plan for the planting, removal and protection of trees
prepared by a certified arborist shall be provided for any
lot, parcel or combination of lots or parcels for which a
development application for a subdivision, major partition,
site development review, planned development or conditional
use is filed. Protection is preferred oder removal where
possible.
r
B. The tree plan shall include the following:
EXHIBIT "A"" TO ORDINANCE No. 95--
Page 2
1. Identification of the location, size and species of all
existing trees including trees designated as significant
by the city;
2, Identification of a program to save existing trees or
mitigate tree removal over 12 inches in caliper.
Mitigation must follow the replacement guidelines of
,Section 18.150.070.D. according to the following
standards:
a. Retainage of less than 25 percent of existing trees
over 12 inches in caliper requires a mitigation
program according to Section 18.150.070.D. of no
net loss of trees.
b. Retainage of from 25 to 50 percent of existing
trees over 12 inches in calipar requires that two-
thirds of the trees to be removed be mitigated
according to Section 18.150.070.D.
C. Retainage of from' 50 to 75 percent of existing
trees over 12 inches in caliper requires that 50
percent of the trees to be removed be mitigated
according to Section 18.150.0700.
d. Retainage of 75 percent or greater of existing
trees over 12 inches in caliper requires no
mitigation.
3. Identification of all trees which are. proposed to be
removed;
4. A protection program defining standards and methods that
will be used by the applicant to protect trees during and
after construction.
C. Trees removed within the period of one year prior to a
development application listed above will inventoried as part
of the tree plan above and will be replaced according to
Section 18.150.070 D.
18.150.030 Rjrmit Reiremen�t.
A. Tree removal permits shall be required only for the removal of
any tree which is located on or in a sensitive land area as
defined by Chapter 18.84.
B. - A tree removal permit shall. not be required for the removal of
a tree which:
• 1. Obstructs visual clearance as defined in Chapter 18.102
of the _Code;
EXHIBIT "A" TO-ORDINANCE No. 95-A—,
Page 3
a!
2. Is a hazardous tree;
3. Is a nuisance affecting public safety as defined in
Chapter 7.40 of the Code;
4. Is used for Christmas tree production, or land registered
with the Washington County Assessor's office as property
tax deferred tree farm or small woodlands, but does not
stand on sensitive lands;
C. Commercial Forestry as defined by 18.150.020.A.2. and
excluding B.4 above is not permitted.
18.150.040 Peranit Cr.itr.Tja.
A. -The following approval standards shall be used by the Director
or designee for the issuance of a tree removal permit on
sensitive lands:
1. Removal of the tree must not have a measurable negative
impact on erosion, soil stability, flag of surface
waters, or water quality as evidenced by an erosion
control plan which precludes:
a. Deposits of mud, dirt, sediment or similar, material
exceeding 1/2 cubic foot in volume on public or
private streets, adjacent yroperty, or into the
storm and surface water system, either by direct
deposit, dropping, discharge or as a result of the
action of erosion.
b. Evidence of concentrated flows of water over bare
soils; turbid or sediment laden flows; or evidence
of on site erosion such as rivulets on bare soil
slopes where the floe of water is not filtered or
captured on site using the techniques of Chapter 5
of the Washington County Unified Sewerage Agency
Environmental Protection and Erosion Control rules.
B. Within stream or wetland corridors, as defined as 50 feet from
the boundary of the stream or wetland, tree removal must
maintain no leas than a 75 percent canopy cover or no less
than the existing canopy cover if the existing conopy cover is,
less than 75 percent.
18.150.045 Incentives for Tree Retention.
A. In order to assist in the preservation and retention of
existing trees, the Director may apply one or more of the
following incentives as part of development review approval
and the provisions of a tree plan according to Section
18.150.025:
EXHIBIT "A" TO ORDINANCE No. 957
'Page 4
1. Density Bonus. For each two percent (2%) of canopy cover
provided by existing trees over twelve inches in caliper
that are preserved and incorporated into a development
plan, a one percent (1#) .bonus may be applied to density
computations of Chapter 18.92. No ,more than a twenty
percent (20$) b6nus may be granted for any one
development. The percentage density bonus shall be
applied to the number of dwelling units allowed in the
underlying zone.
2. Lot Size Averaging. In order to retain existing trees
over twelve inches in caliper in the development plan for
any land division under Chapter 18.160, lot size may be
averaged to allow lots less than the minimum lot size
allowed by the underlying zone as long as the average lot
area for all lots and private open space is not less than
that allowed by the underlying zone. No lot area shall
be less than eighty percent (80%) of the minimum lot size
allowed in the zone.
3. Lot Width and Depth. In order to retain existing trees
o-er. twelve inches in caliper in the development plan for
any land division under Chapter 18 ..'x60, lot width and lot
depth, may be reduced uta to twenty percent (20%) of that
required by the underlying zone.
4. Commercial/Industrial/Civic Use parking. For each two
percent (2%) of canopy cover provided by existing trees
over- t%4elve inches in caliper that are preserved and
incorporated into a development plan f or commercial,
industrial or civic uses listed in Section. 18.105.030,
Minimum Off-Street Parking Requirements, a one percent
(1t) reduction in the amount of required parking may be
granted. No more than a twenty percent (20%) reduction
in the required amount of parking may be granted for any
one development.
5® Commercial/Industrial/Civic Use Landscaping. For each
two percent ('2-%) of canopy cover provided by existing
trees over twelve inches in caliper that are preserved
and incorporated into a development plan, a one percent
(1t) reduction in the required amount of landscaping may
be granted. No more than twenty percent (20-'20-) 'of the
required amount of landscaping may be reduced for any one
development.
6. Setback Adjustment. The Director may grant a
modification from applicable setback requirements of this
Code for the purpose of preserving a tree or trees on the
site of proposed development. Such modification may
reduce the required setback by up to 50%, but shall not
be more than is necessary for the preservation of trees
on the site. The setback modification described in this
section shall supersede any special setback requirements
EXHIBIT 61A" TO ORDINANCE No. 95--_a_
Page 5 '
or exceptions set out elsewhere in this Code, including
but not limited to Chapters 18.96, 18.146, and 18.148,
except Section 18.96.020.
B. Any tree preserved or retained in accordance with this section
may thereafter be removed only for the reasons set out in a
tree plan according to Section 18.150.025 or 18.130.8. , and
shall not be subject to removal under any other section of
this Chapter. The property owner shall record a deed
restriction as a condition of approval of any development
permit impacted by this section to the effect that such tree
may be removed only if the tree dies or is hazardous according
to a certified arborist. The deed restriction may be removed
or will be considered invalid if a tree preserved in
accordance with this section should either die or be removed
as a hazardous tree. The form of this deed restriction shall
be subject to approval by the Director.
C. A modification to development requirements granted under this
section shall not conflict with any other restriction on the
use of the property, including but not limited to easements
and conditions of development approval.
D. The City Engineer may adjust design specifications of public
improvements to accommodate tree retention where possible and
+where it would not interfere with safety or increase
maintenance costs.
18.x.50.01!5. Ex jration of Aopro`ral - Extension of Time.
A. A tree removal permit shall be effective for one and one-half
years from the date of approval.
B. Upon written request by the applicant prior to the expiration
of the existing permit, a tree removal permit shall be
extended for a period of up to one year if the Director finds
that the applicant is in compliance with all prior conditions
of permit approval and that no material facts stated in the
original application have changed.
18.15Q.060 Z.Mplication Submission Requirements.
A. Application for a tree removal permit shall be on a` form
provided by the Director. Completed applications shall
consist of this form, two copies of the supplemental data and
narrative set out in Subsection B or this section, and the
required fee. Applications shall not be accepted unless they
are complete as defined herein.
B. The supplemental data and narrative shall include:
1. The specific location of the property by address,
assessor's map number, and tax lot;
EXHIBIT "A" TO ORDINANCE No. 95- %1
Page 6
2. The number, size, type and location of the trees) to be
cut;
3. The time and method of cutting or removing than tree(s) ;
4. Information concerning any proposed landscaping or
planting of new trees; and
5. A narrative as to how the applicable criteria of this
chapter, for example, Section 18.150.040.A, are
satisfied.
C. In accordance with Section 18.32.080, the Director may waive
any of the requirements in Subsection B above or request
additional information.
19SA52.07t? lecgal Tree Remove SViolatig—Replaccant Qf Ttees.
A. The following constitute a violation of this chapter:
1. Removal of a tree:
aa. without a valid tree removal permit; or
b. in noncompliance with any condition of approval of
a tree removal permit; or
C. in noncompliance with any condition of any City
permit or development approval; or
d. in noncompliance with - any other section of the
Code.
2. Breach of a condition of any City permit or development
approval, which results in damage to a tree or its root
system.
B. If the Director has reason to believe that a violation of this
chapter has occurred, then he or she may do any or all of the
following:
I. Require the owner of the land on which the tree was
located to submit sufficient documentation, which may
include a written statement from a qualified arborist or
forester, showing that removal of the tree was permitted
by this chapter.
2. Pursuant to Section 18.32.390, initiate a hearing on
revocation of the tree removal permit and/or any other
permit or approval for which this chapter was an approval
standard.
3. Issue a stop order pursuant to Section 18.24.070 of the
Code.
EXHIBIT 01A" TO ORDINANCE No. 95- I9
Page 7
4. Issue a citation pursuant to Chapter 1.16 of the Code.
5. Take any other action allowed by law.
C. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Code, any party
found to be in violation of this chapter pursuant to Section
1.16 of the Code shall be subject to a civil penalty of up to
$500 and shall be required to remedy any damage caused by the
violation. Such remediation shall include, but not be limited
to, the following:
1. Replacement of unlawfully removed or damaged trees in
accordance with Subsection D of this sections and
2. Payment of an additional civil penalty representing the
estimated value of any unlawfully removed or damaged
tree, as determined using the most current International
Society of Arboriculture's Guide for Plant Appraisal.
D. Replacement of a tree shall take place according to the
following guidelines; .
1. A replacement tree shall be a substantially similar
species considering site characteristics.
2. If a replacement tree of the species of the tree removed
or damaged is not reasonably available, the Director may
allow replacement with a different species of equivalent
natural resource value.
3. if a replacement tree of the size cut is not reasonably
available on the local market or would not be viable, the
- Director shall require replacement with more than one
tree in accordance with the following formula
The numbek , of replacement trees required shall be
determined by dividing the estimated caliper size of the
tree removed or damaged by the caliper size of the
largest reasonably available replacement trees. If this
number of trees cannot be viably located on the subject
property, the Director may require one or more
replacement trees to be planted on other property within
the City, either public property or, with the consent of
the owner, private property.
4. The planting of a replacement tree. shall take place in a
manner reasonably calculated to allow growth to maturity.
E. In lieu of tree replacement under Subsection D of this
section, a party may, with the consent of the Director, elect
to compensate the City for its costs in performing such tree
replacement.
F. The remedies set out in 'this section shall not be exclusive.
EXHIBIT "All TO ORDINANCE No. 95-- l C!
Page 8
• CITY OF TIGARD
EXHIBIT "B" TO
ORDINANCE NO. Iq
SECTION18.24.070
1. Chapter 15.24 is amended by adding Section 181.24.070 to read
as follows:
"18.24,070 Stop Order ffearina.
A. Whenever any work is being done in violation of the
provisions of the Code or a condition of any permit
or other approval granted pursuant hereto, the
Director may order the work stopped by notice in
writing served on persons engaged in doing such work
or causing such work to be done. All work under the
permit or approval shall cease until it is
authorized to continue.
B. The Director shall schedule a hearing on the stop
order for the soonest practicable date, but not more
than seven (7) days after the effectiveness of any
required notice. At the discretion of the Director,
such hearing may be:
1. Part of a hearing on revocation of the
underlying permit or approval pursuant to
Section 15.32.390; or
2. Solely to determine whether a violation has
occurred. The hearings Officer shall hold this
hearing and shall crake written findings as to
Uha violation within seven (7) days. Upon a
finding of no violation, the Bearings Officer
shall require the issuance of a resume work
order. Upon finding a violation, the stop
order shall continue to be effective until the
violating party furnishes sufficient proof to
that Hearings Officer that the violation has
been abated. The Hearings Officer's decision
is subject to review under Section
15.32.310.B."
EXHIBIT "B" TO ORDINANCE No. 95- August 22, 1995
Page 1