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Plans , i 5T2C9? C29(0 UNIT STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR SHEET OF BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT COMPUTATION SHEET BY Subject: `tg 5 a 1\ ��7 l CHECKED BY ? a1.4...) (Initial and date) -I� !/LLLLses t� 1 C J _.ra -. > RPLL w1j ) dos ' _ PoSTs - �_/`X\ , ..,_ .. r SDI J'. ..�,. / . I i '. .. , 18 x n.v),._, _. _. < 8M c.,4 cy--.7 cil r Y AL 1 . �. Nt a _,__. k IZZ' i _ o fi x � N -,D t A ,.( _ - - `�_. R 3-22(August 1993) rr - NE NO rrr 111. 111.1 ■■ ■■ rI rr ■r ■■ rr �r ■r rO r��rI r��rrrr11 rrrr�rr rrrrrrrMEN • rrrrr rr rr�r■rrMEM rri■�i■i■ ■..- rrrrrr�r -101.1 rr r�irr�i■ rirri�r____r■� rrrrrr�rrrrr��r iiir_ir�i■ �i■rrrr11•10rr�rrr �■r�r_iiiir_ir�_ ■ �r�rrrrrrr�� ■ ELF. vp-TI0ig5 MyOrj 11823 5ai 1,ti 11-}61-. frV 54- t E LE 04 -i blot -7'i j etl'dj c 9-?i3 II ) COMPS i TE ,Z' 6VER-1 iJG D _or-J l6 D-d(51 i r)OuQ1E 0-4I51-..5 0 E Ti :-.11-V t1 u)11i8` AAA ,t ;--. &`C12' S. tti 1-F"X'--`1 6Ioci G LED6EK soAtzp / QQ�TS �" P.3CS'X 18' iZo le Corr Ito - �DIST SPAN LI � i ., 18 tl � _ ice' F o T �LEVATJ S E .ELE TIbI� Sc i thq--=tom i . ' . / TABLE 3 7 DECKS ON SOIL WITH A 1500 PSF OR GREATER BEARING CAPACITY (Note: All footings are to be placed minimum of 12 inches below the surface of the finished grade and cannot be placed on fill.) 2x6 joists cannot be used when a guardrail is required. 1.) If you And 2.) you Then 3.) And 4.) the And 5.) they And 6.) the have a beam have posts you can minimum can be footings "D" "A" that is: "B" only span size joist spaced a supporting the supporting the joists you can use maximum posts will need the beam "C": is: of: to be a spaced: minimum of: 12"x12"x 18" or 4x6 or (2) 2x6 5'-5" apart 6'-0" 2x6 24" apart 14" diameter x 18" 15x15"x 18" or 4x8 or (2) 2x8 6'-10" apart 6'-0" 2x6 24" apart 17" diameter x 18" 16"x16"x18" or 4x10 or (2) 9'-8" apart 6'-0" 2x6 24" apart 18" diameter x 2x12 18" 18"x18"x18" or 4x12 11'-5" apart 6'-0" 2x6 24" apart 20" diameter x 18" 14x14"x 18" or 2x6 or 16" apart or 16" diameter x 4x6 or (2) 2x8 5'-6" apart 8'-0" 2x8 24" apart 18„ 16"x16"x18" or 4x8 or (2) „ ,- „ 2x6 or 16" apart or 7'-3" apart 8 0 2x8 24" apart 18" diameter x 2x10 18" 18"x18"x18" or 4x10 or 2) „ ,- „ 2x6 or 16" apart or ( 8-5 apart 8 0 2x8 24" apart 20" diameter x 2x12 18" 18"x18"x18" or art or 4x12 9'-11" apart 8'-0" 2x6 or 16" apart 20„ diameter x 2x8 24" apart 18" 14"x14"x 18" or 2x8 or 16" apart or 16" diameter x 4x6 or (2) 2x8 4 11 apart 10 -0 2x10 24" apart 18" 16"x16"x18" or V 4x8 or (2) pg 6 2x10 - 2x10 24" apart 18" 18"x18"x18" or 4x10 or (2) „ ,- „ 2x8 or 16" apart or 7-6 apart 10 0 2x10 24" apart 20" diameter x 2x12 18" Document 870-1120 Page 9 of 27 6. After determining the soil bearing capacity, frost depth, sizes for the footings, posts, beams, and joist from the table, mark the information in the space provided below: a. Soil Bearing Value: i5 P psf. b. Frost Depth: inche . ,ti PP c. Footing Size: x / x , spaced gi7Y apart. d. Post Size: x G� , spaced • apart. e. Beam Size: x , spaced apart. , spaced -�f. Joist Size: s apart. � x 7. Determine if you will be connecting to a band board (rim joist), see Figure 5; a concrete wall, see Figure 6; or a sill plate, see Figure 7. Note: This document cannot be used with masonry walls. 8. See Figures 14 to 36 for bracing, connection, built-up beam, footing, guardrail, handrail and stairway details. POST SIZES Post sizes are 4x4 minimum for decks eight feet or less above the ground and 6x6 for decks over eight feet above the ground. Decks with posts over ten feet above the ground cannot be used and require an engineered design. Use a minimum 4x6 post under all beam splices for decks eight feet or less above the ground. Use a minimum 6x6 post under all beam splices for decks over eight feet above the ground. LEDGER ATTACHMENT REQUIREMENTS General: There are several methods for attaching a ledger board to the house. How it is attached depends on how the house is constructed and where the ledger will be attached. Ledger board attachments to the existing exterior wall shall be constructed in accordance with Figures 5 through 7.When attachments are made to the existing house band board, it shall be capable of supporting the new deck. If this cannot be verified or conditions at the existing house differ from the details herein, then a free-standing deck is required (See section on Free-Standing Decks.). You must verify the existing conditions in the field prior to applying for a building permit. Compliance with all the requirements herein is critical to ensure the structural stability of your deck. Additional Lateral Attachment Requirements: Where the ledger board is attached to a band board (figures 5 and 6) additional lateral connections are required from the deck joists to the existing floor joists with tension hold-down devices (see figure 6a or alternate figure 6a). Figure 6a hold-down devices shall be installed in not less than two locations within 18 inches of each end of the ledger board, and have a stress design capacity of not less than 1,500 pounds each, Or, alternate figure 6a hold-down devices shall be installed in not less than four locations, evenly distributed along the ledger board, and have a stress design capacity of not less than 750 pounds each. If these details cannot be installed, separate engineering will be required. Siding and Flashing: Siding or the exterior finish system must be removed prior to the installation of the ledger board. Flashing is required at any ledger board connection to a wall of wood-framed construction and shall be composed of copper (attached using copper nails), stainless steel, UV- resistant plastic, or galvanized steel coated with 1.85 oz/sf of zinc (G-185 coating). • Document B70-1120 Page 11 of 27 ' 22 PRESCRIPTIVE RESIDENTIAL WOOD DECK CONSTRUCTION GUIDE STAIR HANDRAIL REQUIREMENTS STAIR FOOTING REOUIREMENTS 1R4031 All stairs with 4 or more risers shall have a handrail on Where the stairway meets grade,attach the stringers to at least one side(see Figure 32A)[R311.7.8]. The the stair guard posts as shown in Figure 34.Posts shall handrail height measured vertically from the sloped bear on footings.All footings shall bear on solid ground plane adjoining the tread nosing shall be not less than 34 and shall be placed at least 12 inches below the inches and not more than 38 inches(see Figure 30) undisturbed ground surface or below the frost line, [R311.7.8.1].Handrails shalt be graspable and shall be whichever is deeper(see Figure 34). Stringers shall bear composed of decay-resistant and/or corrosion resistant on a 2x4 bearing block attached to the post as shown. material.Handrails shall be Type I,Type II,or provide Stringers shall not bear on new or existing concrete pads equivalent graspability(see Figure 328).Type I shall or patios that are not founded below this depth.When have a perimeter dimension of at least 4"and not greater guards are not required(see GUARD than 6-1/4".Type II rails with a perimeter greater than REQUIREMENTS),posts may terminate below the 6-1/4" shall provide a graspable finger recess area on both bottom tread elevation.Bolts are only required if a guard sides of the profile[R311.7.8.3].All shapes shall have a post is required. smooth surface with no sharp corners. Handrails shall STAIR LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS IR303.71 run continuously from a point directly over the lowest riser to a point directly over the highest riser and shall Stairways shall have a light source located at the top return to the guard at each end(see Figure 33).Handrails landing such that all stairs and landings are illuminated. may be interrupted by guard posts at a turn in the stair The light switch shall be operated from inside the house. [R311.7.8.2]. However,motion detected or timed switches are acceptable. Figure 32A. Handrail Mounting Examples. Figure 33. Miscellaneous Stair Requirements. tO to Fasten handrails per manufacturer recnmmendatiortic 6 rr is min. C.. W _ r— — 1�mtn I—_ " �. 3 handrail handrail shall nfttoc+ng return at each W I yof end t..�_ tt min.- 34'35"to nosing stairs.typical 36"min.stair width wag -- l osion-resit ` ' -.—.guarddral hardware I post . I I MOUNTED TO GUARD MOUNTED TO WALL 1 i , Figure 32B. Handrail Grip Size. Figure 34.Stair Footing Detail. 1a"-24" cut post at bottom tread— t2)% diameter through-bolts r 1 elevation when no stair with washers required only guard is required if guard is required:otherwise i>< - ,' /' use(2)#8 wood screws a3'h" 24'max. d A.r long or(2)16d threaded nails E faIf tb' m E i Attach 2x4 bearing block using m r in. stair (B)#8 wood screws>3-%"long •d stringer ° or(8)16d threaded nails mw 'E E • NONCIRCULAR CIRCULAR RECESSED post c� [R311.7.7.3 Type I] (R311.7.7.3 Type II] 6" E Perimeter:4"-64'" Perimeter:>6Q' minimum 10"x10"square or frost depth 12"dia.footing American Wood Council , PRESCRIPTIVE RESIDENTIAL WOOD DECK CONSTRUCTION GUIDE 21 i Figure 28. Stair Stringer Requirements. Figure 29.Tread Connection Requirements. Attachment per tread at each stringer or ledger: 2x_or 5r4 treads-(2)8d threaded nails or(2)#8 screws a2-1/2"long] 3x treads-(2)16d threaded nails or(2)#8 screws a3-112"long stringer-.._._\ t treads:2x_or 514 board N treads:see Table 6 ' i S, "max` - 18"max i ' 36"max `i"lie '' -3,...: 1 2x4 ledgers,each side.full depth of tread;attach with(4)10d threaded stringers— nails or(4)#8 wood screws a3"long CUT STRINGER SOLID STRINGER max.span=6-0' CUT STRINGER -------- max.span=13'-3" SOLID STRINGER Figure 30. Stair Guard Requirements. Figure 31. Stair Stringer Attachment Detail. 6'-0"maximum rim joist or— between posts outside joist ,* stair guard is required for / stairs with a total rise of ; ? i _ 30"or more;see GUARD ,� : i _ ii REQUIREMENTS for 110 l more information sloped joist hanger,.10 minimum vertical I capacity of 625 Ibs: see JOIST HANGERSjj ' for more requirements stair guard height:--" / .��.; ATTACHMENT WITH HANGERS 34"min.measured i � from nosing of step �� e 0 Openings for required guards on the Triangular opening shall- Table 6.Minimum Tread Size for Cut and Solid sides of stair treads shall not allow not permit the passage Stringers' a sphere 4-3/8"to pass through. of a 6"diameter sphere. Cut Solid Species Stringer Stringer Southern Pine 2x4 or 5/4 2x8 Douglas Fir Larch, Hem-Fir,SPF2 2x4 or 5/4 2x8 or 3x4 Redwood,Western Cedars, Ponderosa Pine,'Red Pine' 2x4 or 5/4 2x10 or 3x4 1.Assumes 300 lb concentrated load,Ll288 deflection limit,No.2 stress grade,and wet service conditions. 2.Incising assumed for Douglas Fir-Larch,Hem-Fir,and Spruce- Pine-Fir. 3.Design values based on northern species with no incising assumed. American Wood Council 20 PRESCRIPTIVE RESIDENTIAL WOOD DECK CONSTRUCTION GUIDE Figure 26. Guard Post to Rim Joist Example. Alternate attachment of hold-down anchors to framing members are possible per manufacturer's instructions. see FIGURE 24 for guard ►_� hold-down anchor component attachment joists requirements , 51 guard post r guard post align guard ti �� post at joist rim joist _ _. locations min.2x8(nom.) hold-down anchor �{ - rim joist rim joist -- min. 2x8(nom.) joist min. 2x8(nom.) � 1 IM Mel Elk, minimum(2)1/2" 1: 2"min. hold-down anchor diameter through- �� 2-112"min. and 5"max. bolts and washers ." 2"min. at joist location between joists SECTION PLAN VIEWS STAIR REOUIREMENTS Figure 27.Tread and Riser Detail. Stairs,stair stringers,and stair guards shall meet the requirements shown in Figure 27 through Figure 34 and riser may be open,but Table 6 except where amended by the local jurisdiction. \ shathe \ shasage of not alla 4`diameter All stringers shall be a minimum of 2x12. Stair stringers \sphere shall not span more than the dimensions shown in Figure 10"minimum \�%- 28.If the stringer span exceeds these dimensions,then a tread wash!7- ._ 4x4post maybeprovided to support the stringer and �4"maximum PP g riser:height shall shorten its span length.The 4x4 post shall be notched not deviate from 'A" --risers:1 x material,minimum and bolted to the stringer with(2) 'diameter through- one another by \I \—� more than 3/8" / i' bolts with washers per Figure 8A.The post shall be I ` treads:see Figure 29 and Table 6 centered on a 12" diameter or 10" square,6" thick footing. The footingshall be constructed as shown in shall not nosing nosing g shall not deviate from one Figure 34 and attached to the post as shown in Figure 12. another by more than 3/8" An intermediate landing may also be provided to shorten the stringer span(see provisions below).If the total vertical height of a stairway exceeds 12'-0",then an intermediate landing shall be required.All intermediate stair landings must be designed and constructed as a non-ledger deck using the details in this document. Stairs shall be a minimum of 36"in width as shown in Figure 33 [R311.7].If only cut stringers are used,a minimum of three are required. For stairs greater than 36" in width,a combination of cut and solid stringers can be used,but shall be placed at a maximum spacing of 18" on center(see Figure 29).The width of each landing shall not be less than the width of the stairway served.Every rectangular landing shall have a minimum dimension of 36"measured in the direction of travel and no less than the width of the stairway served[R311.7]. American Wood Council • PRESCRIPTIVE RESIDENTIAL WOOD DECK CONSTRUCTION GUIDE 19 GUARD REQUIREMENTS construction when approved by the authority having All decks greater than 30"above grade are required to jurisdiction. have a guard[R312.11-one example is shown in Figure 24.Other methods and materials may be used for guard Figure 24. Example Guard Detail. 2x2 baluster,typical 4x4 post,typical 2x6 or 5/4 board rail cap:attach to guard post with DO NOT NOTCH � —�-'maximum spacingwith 02i48"nominal diameter 16d threaded nails 36' 2x4 top and bottom; minimum I attach to guard post with (2)8d threaded nails or :lei 11e�!■111010 _t NMI .111111 I id (2)#8 wood screws a2-'/z' 1___ _-• _fir'!_ _ long on inside face HI11111111111111111111 0 minimum nominal 2x8 -may A rim or outside joist (2)1/2"diameter openings shall not allow attach balusters at top and bottom through-bolts the passage of a 4" with(1)#8 wood screw or(2)8d and washers diameter sphere post-frame threaded nails with 0.135"nominal diameter GUARD POST ATTACHMENTS FOR REQUIRED Figure 25.Guard posts for required guards that run GUARDS perpendicular to the deck joists shall be attached to the Deck guard posts for required guards shall be a rim joist in accordance with Figure 26.Only hold-down minimum 4x4(nominal)with an adjusted bending anchor models meeting these minimum requirements design value not less than 1,100 psi.Joists and rim joists shall be used.Hold-down anchors shall have a minimum to which guard posts are attached shall be a minimum of allowable tension load of 1,800 pounds for a 36" 2x8(nominal). maximum guard height and be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Guard posts for required guards which run parallel to the deck joists shall be attached to the outside joist per Figure 25. Guard Post to Outside-Joist Example. ►.: see FIGURE 24 for guard *guard posts can be installed as i component attachment shown in Figure 26(between joists) guard posts may be requirements if blocking is installed as shown below located on either side within 12"of each side of the post of the outside-joist at first interior bay, provide 2x blocking at guard posts guard post with hold-down anchors;attach blocking with 10d threaded nails top and bottom, each side (2)1/2"dia. through- i, outside-joist---a- bolts and washers 11 min.2x8(nom.) meg ms Alternate attachment of hold-downi. L 2"min- y 0O ifi. anchors to framing members2-1/2"min.and 5"max. " possible per manufacturers110111 2"min. ' l' a instructions. guard post* outside-joist SECTION PLAN VIEW min.2x8 (nom.) American Wood Council ' N Manufactured Wood Joist: The term "MWJ" denotes manufactured wood "I" .41000111.1119-- joists. See Figure 4. Examples of manufactured wood joists are TJI, GPI, and 111 ri LPI. Older homes constructed with MWJs may only include a plywood band board, while some newer homes may have 1% -inch manufactured wood rim joists. In these cases, a freestanding deck or a full plan submission is required. 49 "1 Figure 4: MWJ Profile EXTERIOR SHEATHING-- EXISTING STUD WALL EXISTING 2x BAND JOIST--- .._,------- OR ENGINEERED RIM BOARD 11110-M1 i 2"MIN. il '• DECK JOIST 1°/a"MIN. f 5"MAX. I ill Ef _� 2"MIN.4 1 ■A�; LAG SCREWS OR BOLTS ► 1'I. FLOOR FRAMING • O' (� <> 0 0 '0620 JOIST HANGER po EXISTING "f c o FOUNDATION WALL •" ° ' For St: I loch=25.4 ram. Figure 5—Attachment of Ledger Board to Band Board with Lag or Wood Screws SPACING "S" JOIST SPAN (2) 112" DIA LAG (2)#14 WOOD SIMPSON SDS 114" X 3 SCREWS SCREWS 1/2" 0< SPAN < 8' 23" 10" 16" 8< SPAN < 10' 18" 8" 16" 10< SPAN < 13" 6" 12" 14< SPAN < 10" 5" 9" 18' Document B70-1120 Page 12 of 27 FLOORS c R507.6.2 Deck joist lateral restraint. Joist ends and stainless steel and shall be installed in accordance with bearing locations shall be provided with lateral resistance Table R507.9.1.3(2) and Figures R507.9.1.3(1) and to prevent rotation. Where lateral restraint is provided by R507.9.1.3(2). joist hangers or blocking between joists, their depth shall R507.9.1.4 Alternate ledger details. Alternate fram- equal not less than 60 percent of the joist depth.Where lat- ing configurations supporting a ledger constructed to eral restraint is provided by rim joists, they shall be meet the load requirements of Section R301.5 shall be secured to the end of each joist with not fewer than three permitted. l Od (3-inch by 0.128-inch) (76 mm by 3.3 mm) nails or R507.9.2 Lateral connection.Lateral loads shall be trans- three No. l Ox 3-inch(76 mm)long wood screws. ferred to the ground or to a structure capable of transmit- R507.7 Decking.Maximum allowable spacing for joists sup- ting them to the ground.Where the lateral load connection porting decking shall be in accordance with Table R507.7. is provided in accordance with Figure R507.9.2(1), hold- Wood decking shall be attached to each supporting member down tension devices shall be installed in not less than two with not less than two 8d threaded nails or two No. 8 wood locations per deck,within 24 inches(610 mm)of each end screws. Other approved decking or fastener systems shall be of the deck. Each device shall have an allowable stress installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation design capacity of not less than 1,500 pounds (6672 N). requirements. Where the lateral load connections are provided in accor- R507.8 Vertical and lateral supports. Where supported by dance with Figure R507.9.2(2), the hold-down tension attachment to an exterior wall, decks shall be positively devices shall be installed in not fess than four locations per anchored to the primary structure and designed for both verti- deck, and each device shall have an allowable stress cal and lateral loads. Such attachment shall not be accom- design capacity of not less than 750 pounds(3336 N). plished by the use of toenails or nails subject to withdrawal. R507.10 Exterior guards. Guards shall be constructed to For decks with cantilevered framing members, connection to meet the requirements of Section R301.5, Section R312 and exterior walls or other framing members shall be designed and this section. constructed to resist uplift resulting from the full live load specified in Table R301.5 acting on the cantilevered portion of R507.10.1 Support of guards. Where guards are sup- the deck. Where positive connection to the primary building ported on deck framing,guard loads shall be transferred to structure cannot be verified during inspection,decks shall be the deck framing with a continuous load path to the deck self-supporting. joists. R507.9 Vertical and lateral supports at band joist.Vertical R507.10.1.1 Guards supported by side of deck fram- and lateral supports for decks shall comply with this section. ing.Where guards are connected to the interior or exte- riorR507.9.1 Vertical supports.Vertical loads shall be trans- be side of a deck joist or beam,the joist or beam shall of ferred to band joists with ledgers in accordance with this the joist or beam.to the Connectioentns joists i preventonlyon fasten rs joist or Connections relying on fasteners section. in end grain withdrawal are not permitted. R507.9.1.1 Ledger details. Deck ledgers shall be a R507.10.1.2 Guards supported on top of deck fram- minimum 2-inch by 8-inch(51 mm by 203 mm)nomi- ing. Where guards are mounted on top of the decking, nal, pressure-preservative-treated Southern pine, the guards shall be connected to the deck framing or incised pressure-preservative-treated hem-fir, or blocking and installed in accordance with the manufac- approved,naturally durable,No.2 grade or better lum- turer's installation instructions to transfer the guard ber. Deck ledgers shall not support concentrated loads loads to the adjacent joists. from beams or girders. Deck ledgers shall not be sup- ported on stone or masonry veneer. R507.10.2 Wood posts at deck guards. Nominal 4-inch by 4-inch wood posts supporting guard loads applied to R507.9.1.2 Band joist details.Band joists supporting a the top of the guard shall not be notched at the connection ledger shall be a minimum 2-inch-nominal (51 rum), to the supporting structure. solid-sawn, spruce-pine-fir or better lumber or a mini- mum 1-inch by 91/2-inch (25 mm x 241 mm) dimen- R507.10.3 Plastic composite guards. Plastic composite sional, Douglas fir or better, laminated veneer lumber. guards shall comply with the provisions of Section Band joists shall bear fully on the primary structure R507.2.2. capable of supporting all required loads. R507.10.4 Other guards. Other guards shall be in accor-• R507.9.1.3 Ledger to band joist details. Fasteners dance with the manufacturer's installation instructions or used in deck ledger connections in accordance with accepted engineering principles. Table R507.9.1.3(1) shall be hot-dipped galvanized or 160 2021 OREGON RESIDENTIAL SPECIALTY CODE , FLOORS HOLD-DOWN OR SIMILAR Ii' TENSION DEVICE FLOOR SHEATHING NAILING AT 6"MAXIMUM ON CENTER TO --\ $ JOIST WITH HOLD-DOWN 11)721111 1111 --ENg ► RE E pow. 1 �r��.r�rlr_ 1— J I&IIIb �0 �- 4 fitp,M1 1 kid FLOOR JOIST—'I Ii DECK JOIST For SI: I inch=25.4 mm. FIGURE R507.9.2(1) DECK ATTACHMENT FOR LATERAL LOADS SHEATHING NOTE: SIDING THIS DETAIL IS APPLICABLE WHERE FLOOR JOISTS ARE WATERTGHOR TNESS PARALLEL TO DECK JOISTS. DECKING • Illi i 'pill APPROVED JOIST HANGERS 2"MIN. I� 2x LEDGER WITH FASTENERS III�I SOO IN ACCORDANCE WITH TABLE R507.9.1.3(1) � - i HOLD-DOWN DEVICE MIN 750 LB. CAPACITY FLOOR JOISTS UI AT 4 LOCATIONS, EVENLY DISTRIBUTED ALONG DECK AND ONE WITHIN 24"OF EACH END OF THE LEDGER.HOLD-DOWN DEVICES SHALL FULLY ENGAGE DECK JOIST PER HOLD-DOWN MANUFACTURER. A FULLY THREADED 3/8"DIAMETER LAG SCREW PREDRILLED W/MIN.3"PENETRATION TO CENTER OF TOP PLATE,STUDS,OR HEADER. For SI: I inch=25.4 mm,1 foot=304.8 mm. FIGURE R507.9.2(2) DECK ATTACHMENT FOR LATERAL LOADS 166 2021 OREGON RESIDENTIAL SPECIALTY CODE