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Report (2) SFM 20'2X)- Oucer2- i ii.. 84115 SW tit?' t. St bt A' 0 , rimir ... 0 0 • , HOME,site _ .. ., INSTALLA ON m . UA A copy of this manual must remain with the home for reference by occupant ' ,c•;-.: ..:-.7.:). 1. 1 4. -• , , -2. ... - 4.. .. °• '-:-.4..' 4.. .. .. . , .. ., - • •=•11— — = mom a nom a I 11 111 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 mom mil No Nom 1 •--,— pownipon=i1 —.... -,.',,.- - - _...ti .--,:. - --..,„../itex-• ©Copyright 2016 by Fleetwood Homes Inc. January 2016 t r a Ufa f ��> , fE� Table of Contents PF #oz i Conforms to HUD MRCSS INTRODUCTION 3 fr2orie IMPORTANT NOTICES 3 SAFETY 3 RESOURCES 3 FEDERAL PREEMPTION 4 DEFINITIONS 4 ENGINEER'S STAMP 5 SYMBOLS USED IN THE MANUAL 6 ABBREVIATIONS 6 ALTERNATIVE FOUNDATION SYSTEMS 6 DISPLAY AND STORAGE OF THE HOME 6 GETTING STARTED 9 STEP 1.LOCATE THE DATA PLATE 9 STEP 2.CONFIRM WIND ZONE 9 STEP 3.CONFIRM THERMAL ZONE 10 STEP 4.CONFIRM ROOF-LOAD ZONE 11 STEP 5.CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS 13 PREPARE THE SITE 14 STEP 1.PLAN SITE ACCESS 14 STEP 2.DETERMINE HOME LOCATION AND LAYOUT 14 STEP 3.CLEAR AND GRADE THE SITE 15 STEP 4.DETERMINE SOIL CONDITION 15 STEP 5.DETERMINE SOIL-BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST LINE 16 STEP 6.DETERMINE GROUND ANCHOR HOLDING CAPACITY 17 INSTALL FOOTINGS 19 STEP 1.DESIGN POINT LOAD SUPPORTS 19 STEP 2.DESIGN FRAME SUPPORTS(Homes without Perimeter Blocking) 21 STEP 3.DESIGN FRAME AND PERIMETER SUPPORTS(Homes with Perimeter Blocking) 23 STEP 4.SELECT FOOTING MATERIALS 25 STEP 5.SIZE FOOTINGS 25 STEP 6.INSTALL FOOTINGS 29 CONSTRUCT FOUNDATIONS 33 STEP 1.OBTAIN A FOUNDATION DESIGN 33 STEP 2.EXCAVATE 33 STEP 3.CONSTRUCT THE FOOTING OR SLAB 33 STEP 4.CONSTRUCT THE PERIMETER WALL 33 STEP 5.INSTALL INTERIOR SUPPORTS 34 STEP 6.WATERPROOF FOUNDATION WALL 34 STEP 7.BACKFILL AND GRADE 34 SET THE HOME 35 STEP 1.PREPARE FOR SET 35 STEP 2.POSITION HOME SECTION 35 STEP 3.LIFT HOME 35 STEP 4.CONSTRUCT PIERS 37 { COMPLETE MULTI-SECTION SET 41 STEP 1.INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE ANCHORS 41 1/8/2016 11:39 AM F' STEP 2.REMOVE PROTECTIVE SHIPPING MATERIALS 41 STEP 3.COMPLETE HINGED ROOF 41 STEP 4.REPAIR OR INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE GASKET 44 STEP 5.POSITION ADDITIONAL HOME SECTIONS 45 STEP 6.CONNECT FLOORS 46 STEP 7.CONNECT ROOF 47 STEP 8.CONNECT WALLS 50 STEP 9.ATTACH TAG UNITS 52 STEP 10.REMOVE TEMPORARY ITEMS 53 STEP 11.FASTEN HOME TO FOUNDATION 53 STEP 12.BACKFILL AND GRADE 53 STEP 13.BUILD STAIRS 53 COMPLETE ROOF AND EXTERIOR WALLS 54 STEP 1.COMPLETE ROOF 54 STEP 2.COMPLETE TAG UNIT ROOF 56 STEP 3.COMPLETE SIDE WALLS 58 CONNECT CROSSOVERS 59 STEP 1.CONNECT DUCTS 59 STEP 2.CONNECT ELECTRICAL CROSSOVERS 61 STEP 3.INSTALL ELECTRICAL BONDING 62 STEP 4.CONNECT WATER LINES 63 STEP 5.CONNECT DRAIN,WASTE,AND VENT LINES 63 STEP 6.CONNECT GAS LINES 65 STEP 7.CONNECT TELEPHONE AND CABLE TV WIRING 65 COMPLETE THE INTERIOR 66 STEP 1.ALIGN MARRIAGE WALLS 66 STEP 2.FINISH GYPSUM BOARD 66 STEP 3.COMPLETE WALL AND CEILING FINISHES 66 STEP 4.COMPLETE CARPET 67 STEP 5.COMPLETE TRIM 67 STEP 6.INSTALL SHIP LOOSE ITEMS 67 INSTALL STABILIZING SYSTEM 68 STEP 1. DETERMINE ANCHOR LOCATIONS 68 STEP 2.DETERMINE TIE-DOWN CONFIGURATION 74 STEP 3.SELECT ANCHORS 74 STEP 4.INSTALL ANCHORS 75 STEP 5.INSTALL STRAPS 76 STEP 6.TIGHTEN AND ADJUST STRAPS 79 CONNECT UTILITIES 80 STEP 1.CONNECT ELECTRICAL SERVICE 80 STEP 2.CONNECT WATER SERVICE 83 STEP 3.CONNECT GAS SERVICE 86 STEP 4.CONNECT OIL SERVICE 87 PREPARE APPLIANCES AND EQUIPMENT 89 INSTALL AIR CONDITIONER OR HEAT PUMP 89 PREPARE HEATING SYSTEM 90 INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING EQUIPMENT 90 PREPARE VENTILATION SYSTEM 91 PP' #0 1/8/201611:39LLAM '"� Conforms to HUD MHCSS 1/20/16 PREPARE FUEL-BURNING APPLIANCES 91 PREPARE SMOKE ALARMS 93 PREPARE FIREPLACES 93 PREPARE KITCHEN AND BATH APPLIANCES!FIXTURES 95 INSTALL EXTERIOR LIGHTING 96 INSTALL CEILING FANS AND LIGHTING 96 TEST ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 97 COMPLETE EXTERIOR WORK 98 STEP 1. REPAIR AND SEAL BOTTOM BOARD 98 STEP 2.INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER 98 STEP 3. INSTALL SKIRTING 99 STEP 4.ASSEMBLE OPTIONAL WIND PROTECTION SHUTTERS 100 STEP 5.COMPLETE SITE-BUILT STRUCTURES 101 PREPARE HOME FOR OCCUPANCY 102 STEP 1.VERIFY ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION(A/C)INSPECTION 102 STEP 2.COMPLETE INSPECTION CHECKLIST 102 STEP 3.COMPLETE ENERGY STAR CHECKLIST 102 STEP 4.CLEAN THE HOME 102 COMPLETE INSTALLATION CHECKLIST 103 #OZ PF Conforms to HUD MHCSS 1/20/16 1/8/2016 11:39 AMyWT�� iii Using the Manual This manual is organized into a series of steps that will take you through the entire installation process using only those pages Irequired for the specific home being installed. First, review the entire manual, including the Introduction chapter.As you read it, identify sections of the manual that you will need; identify other documents or information you will need;construct lists of tools and materials required for your particular installation;and make sure you have everything you need before starting work. After reviewing the entire manual, refer to the sequence of installation steps in the table below. Identify the pathway for your installation and follow the arrows downward. Select either Single Section Home or a Multi-Section Home and choose the col- umn corresponding to the home's foundation type,either Pier and Ground Anchor or Load-Bearing Perimeter Wall(see Def- initions, p.4).Then complete the work in each of the sections starting with Getting Started. '.. If using an alternative(proprietary)foundation system,the installation process will change from that described in this manual. Consult the system manufacturer directions for instructions. See page 6 for alternative foundation system criteria. SINGLE SECTION HC1 /��,�,✓',/ ��r , Pier and Ground Anchor Load-Bearing Perimeter Pier and Ground Anchor Load-Bearing Perimeter Wall Wall Getting Started(p. 9) Getting Started(p. 9) Getting Started(p.9) Getting Started(p.9) ✓ V V V Prepare the Site(p. 14) Prepare the Site(p. 14) Prepare the Site(p. 14) Prepare the Site(p. 14) ✓ V V V Install Footings(p. 19) Construct Foundation Install Footings(p. 19) Construct Foundation ✓ (p.33) V (p. 33) Set the Home(p. 35) V Set the Home(p.35) V ✓ Connect Utilities(p.80) V Complete Roof and Exte- Install Stabilizing System V Complete Multi-Section rior Walls(p.54) (p.68) Prepare Appliances and Set(p.41) V ✓ Equipment(p.89) V Connect Crossovers Connect Utilities(p.80) V Complete Roof and Exte- (p. 59) ✓ Complete Under the nor Walls(p.54) V Prepare Appliances and Home and Site Built V Complete Interior(p.66) Equipment(p. 89) Structures(p.98) Connect Crossovers V ✓ V (p.59) Connect Utilities(p.80) Complete Under the Prepare Home for V V Home and Site Built Occupancy(p. 102) Complete Interior(p.66) Prepare Appliances and Structures(p.98) V V Equipment(p.89) ✓ Complete Installation Install Stabilizing System V Prepare Home for Checklist(p. 103) (p.68) Complete Under the Occupancy(p. 102) V Home and Site Built ✓ Connect Utilities(p. 80) Structures(p.98) Complete Installation V V Checklist(p. 103) Prepare Appliances and Prepare Home for Occu- Equipment(p.89) pancy(p. 102) V V Complete Under the Complete Installation Home and Site Built Checklist(p. 103) Structures(p.98) V Prepare Home for Occupancy(p. 102) V Complete Installation Checklist(p. 103) ''*r;.,f''.,, , b,, sf�r,i,' rY' ,L/t >f , rg`,�`, r`% a.,,' 'r'y ,, t``"+/,^r`,`e,%" ,r°a/"`+, „vv., �,.., , r`� .t .'`;'`t' r a r; '(+r' ?a .. t i`t','/rii'`"t`1,✓ t v' �!.J t F t,,F✓ 'C" �;t t r+,n s „�na , � °. ,.'� ,r,%� '� ��.�°„ v,.��r' xx%``;� f»�,`v:,x,"'3 xix, , F'z; > C � ''� +' ,? x' �'t� � Disclaimer The Manufactured Housing Research Alliance,its members,consultants,contractors and representatives make no representations,warranty '.. or guarantee,express or implied,as to the accuracy or appropriateness of any materials or information in this manual for use in a specific '.. home,nor assume any liability for the use of the information,methods,or materials contained herein,or for damages arising from any such use. Copyright©2008 Manufactured Housing Research Alliance ISSN 1529-3424 '.. r f-f�; , . 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 2 Introduction This installation manual contains instructions that must be followed for the proper installation of the home. It complies with the HUD Model Manufactured Home Installation Standards. Please read all instructions and any other documents(includ- ing addendum pages and supplements)that may apply to the specific home prior to commencing site work or installation. This installation manual covers permits and site work through final inspection of the installation.It covers both single and multi-section homes installed over pier and anchor, load bearing crawl space walls and basement foundations. It contains instructions,including specifications and procedures,for the set and hookup of manufactured homes to be used as single- family dwellings. The importance of correct installation cannot be over-emphasized.Correct installation is absolutely essential to home- owner satisfaction and the structural integrity of the home.All instructions must be followed to provide the customer with a safe,quality home. No manual can cover all circumstances that may exist for certain home designs or building sites. For questions,further clarification,or if you encounter conditions at the site or in the design of the home or its foundation not covered by this manual,please contact the manufacturer(see Resources,p.3),a registered engineer,or registered architect. Supplemental addendum pages may be included with this manual.Supplements include requirements not covered in this manual or that supersede the manual instructions. Once the home installation is complete,leave this manual with the home. IMPORTANT NOTICES • The home manufacturer is not responsible for installation or for the materials supplied by the set-up crew at the time of installation.The installer may be responsible for any deviations from the installation instructions of this manual. • To keep the home in compliance with its warranty,the home installation must follow the procedures described in this manual or other procedures approved by the manufacturer.Deviation from the instructions in this manual may void the home's warranty.Any alterations or changes to the home shall be approved by a registered engi- neer or registered architect and may still be subject to warranty violations. • When an installer does not provide support and anchorage in accordance with the approved manufacturer's in- stallation instructions,or encounters site conditions(such as areas that are subject to flood damage or high seismic risk)or other conditions that prevent the use of the instructions provided in this manual,the installer must obtain special site-specific instructions from the manufacturer or use a design approved by a registered engineer or registered architect. • The installer must possess a valid installation license as a manufactured home installer. • lithe installer identifies failures of the home to comply with the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards(the HUD Code),the installer must notify the manufacturer and retailer. SAFETY There are potential hazards associated with the installation of a manufactured home. Home installers are licensed,and as experienced professionals,should recognize these hazards,be qualified to work with them,and be capable of providing safe work practices and equipment that minimize the risks of injury. Only qualified persons should install a manufactured home.As qualified professionals in the field of manufactured home installation,installers are the experts and must be aware of the hazards and conditions faced.Warnings are published throughout this manual as reminders.These reminders may not cover all hazards,all potential hazards,or all possible consequences of improper or unsafe installation practices. Construction crews should be trained in the skills required and be supervised by experienced personnel. Installers should j regularly inspect work performed by crews and subcontractors. I Obey OSHA regulations,particularly those related to home construction,such as Title 29 Code of Regulations Part 1926. For copies of OSHA regulations,call(202)512-1800 or visit www ouha.gov on the web. I RESOURCES Manufacturer contact information: z See contact information inside front cover 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 3 Office of Regulatory Affairs and Manufactured Housing US Department of Housing and Urban Development 451 Seventh Street,SW,Room 9164 Washington, DC 20410-8000 Telephone: (202)708-6423 or(800)927-2891 FAX:(202)708-4213 State Administrative Agencies A list of SAAs may be found on the web www hid gnv or by contacting the Office of Regulatory Affairs and Manufac- tured Housing. FEDERAL PREEMPTION This home was engineered,constructed,and inspected in conformance with the Federal Manufactured Home Construc- tion and Safety Standards of the US Department of Housing and Urban Development(24 CFR Part 3280,commonly re- ferred to as the"HUD Code')in effect on the date of manufacture.These Standards set forth minimum requirements for the design and construction of manufactured homes designed to be used as dwellings. Individual states,counties and cities shall have no authority to establish standards regarding the construction or safety of a manufactured home.A metal certification label is affixed to each section of the home to certify that it has been con- structed and inspected to comply with these Standards.The design plans and in-plant construction of all homes are in- spected by independent third party agencies to assure compliance with the Standards. The installation of the home and any alterations made to the home shall conform to the requirements of the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards and the HUD Model Manufactured Home Installation Standards. These installation instructions are minimum requirements.Applicable local or state laws may have more stringent installa- tion requirements than outlined in this manual and must be followed.Consult with the local authority having jurisdiction (LAHJ)for regulations that may require licenses and/or permits or which may affect procedures described in this manual. DEFINITIONS ANCHOR ASSEMBLY.Any device or other means designed to transfer loads to the ground. ANCHORING EQUIPMENT.Ties,straps, cables,turnbuckles,chains,and other approved components,including tension- ing devices that are used to secure a manufactured home to anchor assemblies. ANCHORING SYSTEM.A combination of anchoring equipment and anchor assemblies that will,when properly designed and installed,resist the uplift,overturning,and lateral forces on the manufactured home. BASEMENT.A load-bearing perimeter wall foundation that includes habitable space(finished or unfinished,heated or unheated)partly or completely below grade. CRAWLSPACE.The space underneath the home's floor system,enclosed with either load-or non-load bearing perimeter walls.The ground may be covered with a concrete slab or by a plastic ground cover. Crawlspace walls must be vent- ed. CROSSOVERS.Utility interconnections between sections of multi-section homes,including heating and cooling ducts, electrical circuits,and water pipes,drain plumbing,and gas lines. DATA PLATE.An information sheet located at the main electrical panel, in the utility room, in a bedroom closet,or in a cabinet in the kitchen. It contains a unique identification number and identifies the wind zone, roof load zone,and cli- matic zone for which the home was constructed. DIAGONAL TIE.A tie intended to resist horizontal or shear forces, but which may resist vertical,uplift,and overturning forces. FOOTING.That portion of the support system that transmits loads directly to the soil. GROUND ANCHOR.A specific anchoring assembly device designed to transfer home loads to the ground. H-BEAM.Steel H-beams are often used to support a home over a basement or crawlspace.They span across the foun- dation from sidewall to sidewall,typically with an intermediate support pier and footing(typically in the center point re- sulting in a line of piers under the centerline of a double section home). INFORMATION PACKET.A set of important documents provided with the home including warranties,information on high wind coverage,and other features of the specific home. INSTALLATION LICENSE.The proof that an installer meets the requirements for installing manufactured homes under the HUD-administered installation program. 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 4 LABELED. Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label,symbol,or other identifying mark of a certified testing laboratory, inspection agency,or other an organization concerned with product evaluation.The label indicates compliance with nationally recognized standards or tests to determine suitable usage in a specified manner. LISTED OR CERTIFIED.Included in a list published by a nationally recognized testing laboratory,inspection agency,or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equip- ment or materials,and whose listing states either that the equipment or material meets nationally recognized stand- ards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner. LOAD-BEARING PERIMETER WALL FOUNDATION.A support system for the home whereby the home is mechanically fastened to a structural wall(s)that transfers gravity,lateral,and uplift loads to the ground. LOCAL AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION(LAHJ).The state,city,county, municipality,utility,or organization that has local responsibilities that must be complied with during the installation of a manufactured home. MUST.Indicates a mandatory requirement. N/A.Indicates not applicable. PIER.That portion of the support system between the footing and the manufactured home,exclusive of shims.Types of piers include,but are not limited to:(1)manufactured steel stands;(2)pressure-treated wood;(3)manufactured con- crete stands;(4)concrete blocks;and(5)portions of foundation walls. PIER AND GROUND ANCHOR FOUNDATION.A support system for the home that employs piers under the chassis and • other locations to support gravity loads and employs ground anchors and tie downs(the stabilizing system)to resist lateral and uplift loads. PERIMETER BLOCKING.Regularly spaced piers supporting the sidewalls and marriage line of the home.Some homes • require perimeter blocking in addition to supports under the home's frame. QUALIFIED.Has the necessary knowledge and skills gained from experience and training that will allow performance of the job safely,competently,and in accordance with all applicable codes,standards,rules,and regulations.Meets all necessary qualification tests including any license and certification requirements that may be in effect in the area where the home will be installed. RAMADA.Any freestanding roof or shade structure,installed or erected over a manufactured home or any portion there- of. SHOULD.Indicates a recommendation that is strongly advised but not mandatory. SHALL. Indicates a mandatory requirement. SITE FOR A MANUFACTURED HOME.A designated parcel of land designed for the accommodation of one manufac- tured home, its accessory buildings or structures,and accessory equipment,for the exclusive use of the occupants of the home. SKIRTING.A weather-resistant material used to enclose the perimeter, under the living area of the home,from the bottom of the manufactured home to grade. STABILIZING SYSTEM.All components of the anchoring and support systems, such as piers,footings,ties,anchoring equipment, anchoring assemblies,or any other equipment,materials and methods of construction,that support and secure the manufactured home to the ground. SUPPORT SYSTEM.Pilings,columns,a combination of footings,piers,foundation walls,caps,and shims and any com- bination thereof that will,when properly installed,support and secure the manufactured home to the ground. TIE.Straps,cable,or securing devices used to connect the manufactured home to anchoring assemblies. UTILITY CONNECTION.The connection of the manufactured home to utilities that include,but are not limited to,electrici- ty,water, sewer,gas,or fuel oil. VERTICAL TIE.A tie intended to resist uplifting and overturning forces. WIND ZONE.The areas designated on the Basic Wind Zone Map,as further defined by the Manufactured Home Con- struction and Safety Standards. ym ENGINEER'S STAMP z Certain pages of this manual display the seal of a registered engineer.Federal guidelines only require the seal from one state to be displayed, but the details herein apply to all states. D r 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 5 { SYMBOLS USED IN THE MANUAL / This icon indicates an important warning.It is critical to heed these warnings. i/ I qiii) • This icon indicates a recommended best practice.While not required,following these practices will result in a superior installation,reducing the chance that cosmetic or dura- bility related complaints might arise. ABBREVIATIONS ABS Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene max. Maximum ANSI American National Standards Institute MHCSS Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards APA American Plywood Association min. Minimum ASTM American Society for Testing and Ma- mph Mile(s)per hour terials AWPA American Wood Preservers Associa- NEC National Electric Code tion CFM Cubic feet per minute NFIP National Flood Insurance Program CFR Code of Federal Regulations NFPA National Fire Protection Association DWV Drain,Waste,Vent o.c. On center EMT Electrical metallic tubing OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Admin- istration FEMA Federal Emergency Management oz Ounce(s) Agency ft Foot/feet p. Page ga Gauge psf Pounds per square foot HUD US Department of Housing and Ur- psi Pounds per square inch ban Development in Inch(es) SAA State Administrative Agency LAHJ Local Authority Having Jurisdiction sq ft Square foot/feet lb(s) Pound(s) ALTERNATIVE FOUNDATION SYSTEMS Alternative foundation systems or designs are permitted if they are approved by the home manufacturer and the manufac- turer's DAPIA,and are in accordance with either of the following: • Systems or designs are manufactured and installed in accordance with their listings by a nationally recognized testing agency based on a nationally recognized testing protocol;or • System designs are prepared by a registered engineer or a registered architect or tested and certified by a regis- tered engineer or registered architect in accordance with acceptable engineering practice and are manufactured and installed so as not to take the home out of compliance with the Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards. DISPLAY AND STORAGE OF THE HOME WEATHER PROTECTION If the installation is not started immediately upon delivery of the home,the retailer and/or installer has the responsibility to ensure the exterior weather protection covering of marriage walls and the roof of homes with hinged roofs has not been damaged during shipment. Inspect the home immediately upon the delivery and frequently during storage. Promptly repair tears in the home closure materials to prevent damage from the elements. Inspect and repair roof shingles and siding as needed. 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 6 SUPPORTING A HOME FOR DISPLAY When a new or used manufactured home is to be displayed at a retail location,temporarily block and support the home. Set up single-section homes with single block piers spaced no further apart than 12 feet o.c. beneath each I-beam.The tire and axle system may be used as one of these required supports,and the hitch jack may be used as another. Locate the first pier no further than two feet from the rear end of the home(Figure 1). Place additional piers along the perimeter on either side of openings greater than four feet(i.e.sliding glass doors, bay windows,etc.). For multi-section homes, locate additional piers along the marriage line under support columns.These locations will be marked by the manufacturer. Figure 1.Supporting a home for display HGrade J71_ 12'-0" T T 12'-0" 12'-0" 12'-0" For all homes, place footings below each pier.Footings may be placed directly on the surface grade without excavation and may be ABS pads,2 x 10 by 16 inch long pressure treated lumber or 16"x 16"by 4 inch thick concrete pads. SUPPORTING A HOME FOR STORAGE To prevent damage to homes being stored but not on display(i.e. people shall not be permitted inside the home)for a pe- riod exceeding 30 days,locate piers below each I-beam no further than two feet from each end of the home and at the approximate center of the home length. CUSTOMIZATION OF THE MODEL MANUAL This manual is based on a model manufacturer's installation manual used by many different companies. It may have been customized from the model by the manufacturer.The table below lists the locations where this manual differs from the model manual. Section Step Summary of the change Getting Started 2-Confirm Wind Zone Added information for a WZII or III home in WZI area Added clarification that homes not be designated for the Humid&Fringe zone ; Getting Started 3-Confirm Thermal Zone may still be located in that zone 4-Confirm the Roof Load Added note that 30 psf or higher roof load home in 20 psf zone may omit pa- 4^ Getting Started Zone rimeter piering(except at doors) - , ... .. s Prepare the Site 3-Clear&Grade the Site Added clarification that home is suitable for gutters 1-Design Point Loads Sup- Deleted warning for 40 psf and higher roof loads.(Plans for home will include Install Footings ports the loads for such installations) Deleted Table for Point-Load Footings;Deleted Figure for Typical Point Load 1 -Design Point Loads Sup- Supports,Revised Calculate Loads section.(Reason-Mating line loads are Install Footings : ports indicated on floor plans) , Added exception to the warning concerning having a support no more than 12" `f Install Footings ' 2-Design Frame Supports :. from end of beam for 10&12 wides. i 3-Design Frame&Perim. Added exception to the warning concerning having a support no more than 12" Install Footings Supp from end of beam for 10&12 wides. Deleted Figure for Typical Marriage Line Support Locations deleted text for 3-Design Frame&Perim. mating line bearing walls.(Reason-Mating line loads are indicated on floor Install Footings ' Supp plans) Install Footings ' 4 Select Footing Material Added wood footing material to Table for Footing Materials Install Footings ' 5 Size Footings Added note concerning conc.runners as alternate to footings Added Table for Footing Equivalents added showing equivalents for precast ` Install Footings ' 5 Size Footings concrete,round concrete,and lumber Install Footings , 6 Install Footings Added Figures for Multiple Piers at Support Post,with or without G-straps. Construct Founda Added warning about foundation dimensions when 2x6 exterior wall option is Z Lion ' 4 Construct Perim.Wall ordered.Also clarified when special foundation plans are required i N Set the Home 1 Prepare for Set Revised level tolerance eliminated 1/4"overall tolerance a Set the Home 4-Construct the Piers Deleted pressure treated wood from Table for Pier Materials r- Complete Multi- Replaced all hinged truss details with new ones,including details for ridge filler i s Section Set 3-Complete Hinged Roof option -4 Complete Multi- Deleted figure for in-floor cross-over duct:added figure for mating line gasket 0 Section Set 4-Mating Line Gasket installation Z Complete Multi --� j D Section Set 4 Mating Line Gasket Added warning about mating line gasket Z ! Complete Multi- 5-Position Additional Home , c Section Set Sections Added tolerance of 1 1/2"at roof peak and added plywood as shim materials S> _.- `- --- -- - -Complete Multi- - Increased lag bolt size and eliminated wood screws from Table for Floor Con- j E Section Set ''; 6-Connect Floors j nection. 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 7 Section Step Summary of the change Complete Multi- Increased lag bolt size and eliminated wood screws from Table for Roof Con- ' Section Set 7-Connect Roof nection i Complete Multi- Section _. _.. _.. Set 7-Connect Roof Added roof cap fastening to Table for Roof Connections I Complete Multi- I Section Set 7-Connect Roof Deleted roof straps and fastening(bolting)through ridgebeam Complete Multi- i Section Set 7-Connect Roof Added roof strap aver sheathing fastening method i Complete Multi- Similar changes for triple-section as shown earlier for double-section(i.e.lag Section Set 7-Connect Roof bolts increased and roof straps added) Complete Multi 77-77,77,777371 - Section Set 8-Connect Walls Deleted fastening through endwall studs Complete Multi- Revised level tolerance:added shimming step,Deleted Figures for tag unit Section Set 9-Attach Tag Units offset conditions;added figure for tag roof to main unit connection I Complete Roof& - Ext Walls 1 -Complete the Roof Added gap filling method for triple-section roofs Complete Roof& ' Ext.Walls 2-Complete Tag Unit Roof Deleted text&figure for tag unit with offset roof ' Connect Grosso- ._.. ._-_.:_j 1 vers 1 -Connect the Ducts Deleted text&figures for roof cavity crossover and in the floor crossover _ Connect Crosso- 2-Connect Electrical Cross vers overs Deleted text&figure for method 2 junction box with conduit Connect Crosso- 2-Connect Electrical Cross- vers overs Deleted text&figure for wall crossovers Connect Crosso- . vers 3-Install Electrical Bonding Deleted text for strap method of bonding Connect Crosso- vers 4-Connect Water Lines Deleted text&figure for water lines dropped below bottom board Installing Stabiliz- 1 -Determine Anchor Luca- ing Sys, tons Added warning about underground utilities Installing Stabiliz- 1 -Determine Anchor Loca- ing Sys, tions Eliminated WZ1 from table for End Wall Frame Anchors _ Installing Stabiliz- 1 -Determine Anchor Loca- ing Sys. tions Deleted endwall frame anchors Installing Stabiliz- 1 -Determine Anchor Loca- Removed WZ2&3 limits on shearwall anchors and marriage line vertical an ing Sys tions chors _ 1. Installing Stabiliz- 1 -Determine Anchor Loca- ing Sys tions Added figure for G-straps at mating line Installing Stabiliz- ing Sys. 5-Install Straps - Added figure for attaching vertical strap to floor bracket Installing Stabiliz- , _... _... _.. _ ._.. ing Sys 5-Install Straps Deleted Vertical Anchors text and figure Installing Stabiliz Added Figure for G-strap Anchoring at Support Posts;Deleted Figure for Mat- ing Sys 5-Install Straps ing Line Tie down Brackets Revised table for Electrical Feeder Wires by adding 150 amp and renaming Connect Utilities 1 -Connect Electrical Service Bare Ground Connect Utilities 2-Connect Water Service Deleted fill water heater step from hydrostatic method Revised orifice warning from 3000 to 2000 feet;added warning about derated Connect Utilities 3-Connect Gas Service fuels Prepare Appliances Install Air Conditioner or Heat &Equip. Pump Deleted text&figure for whole house ventilation flex duct with A-coil Prepare Appliances &Equip. Prepare Smoke Alarms Revised test method for smoke alarms;deleted steps for removing batteries Prepare Appliances &Equip. Install Ceiling Fans/Lights Revised distance to smoke alarm to fan tip measurement Prepare Appliances &Equip Install Ceiling Fans/Lights Deleted text&figure for mounting on site-installed beam Prepare Appliances Added exception for plastic pipes,added detail to continuity test;added bulb &Equip Test Electrical System installation to operational test Complete Exterior Work 3-Install Skirting Prohibited the use of operable foundation vents Complete Exterior 4-Opt Wind Protection Shut ', Complete rewrite of the shutter text,table&figures;added warning about the Work ters use of shutters Complete Exterior Clarified connections to the home;added caution on heating,light/vent& ; Work 5-Site Built_Structures - egress for site-built structure ( 3 I 1 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 8 Getting Started This chapter covers a few steps that,taken now,will avoid problems later in the installation process. • STEP 1. LOCATE THE DATA PLATE(p.9) • STEP 2.CONFIRM WIND ZONE(p.9) STEP 3. CONFIRM THERMAL ZONE(p. 10) STEP 4.CONFIRM ROOF-LOAD ZONE(p. 11) • STEP 5.CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS(p. 13) STEP 1. LOCATE THE DATA PLATE Locate the data plate inside the home(Figure 2),typically inside a kitchen cabinet door or on a wall panel or door face near the electrical panel, utility room,or bedroom closet. Figure 2.Sample data plate j s � ` x The information on the data plate will be used to verify that the home was designed for the proper location. rAfrierAfr, STEP 2. CONFIRM WIND ZONE Site appropriateness.If the From Table 1, identify the wind zone for the home.Verify that the home conforms to site is not accessible,not the following rules and any special requirements determined by the LAHJ. appropriate for the planned • No home may be located in a higher wind zone than that indicated on the da- support system or cannot to plate.(Example:a home designed for Wind Zone II cannot be placed in be properly graded,notify Wind Zone III.) the purchaser,the retailer • A home may be located in a lower wind zone than that indicated on the data and HUD,with unstheuitable. stable. V, plate.(Example:a home designed for Wind Zone II can be placed in either why the site l hom btu. r Do not install the home until r Wind Zone II or I.) When a Wind Zone II or III home is placed in Wind Zone I, all issues are remedied. the home may be installed either per the requirements of the higher wind zone for which the home was manufactured,or it may be installed per the re- ;,O quirements of Wind Zone I,with the following additional instructions: z o Mating line G-straps must be installed per the higher wind zone. IA o Shearwall G-straps must be installed per the higher wind zone. o Longitudinal tie-downs strapping may be per Wind Zone I. r- � I 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 9 Getting Started a Vertical anchoring may be ignored, however the brackets along the sidewall should remain in place. o Floor and roof connections may be per Wind Zone I • When a Wind Zone III home is placed in Wind Zone II,all requirements of Wind Zone III should be followed. • Homes located within 1,500 feet of the coastline in Wind Zones II and III must be designed to withstand exposure'D'conditions.This will be indicated on the data plate. If the home does not conform to these rules, contact the manufacturer immediately. TABLE 1.WIND ZONE BY LOCALITY Wind Zone I All areas except those areas listed below as being within Wind Zone II or III Wind Zone II Alabama Counties of Baldwin and Mobile Florida All counties except those listed below as within Wind Zone III Georgia Counties of Bryan,Camden,Chatham,Glynn,Liberty,McIntosh Louisiana Parishes of Acadia,Allen,Ascension,Assumption,Calcasieu,Cameron,East Baton Rouge,East Feliciana, Evangeline,Iberia,Iberville,Jefferson Davis,Lafayette,Livingston,Pointe Coupee,St.Helena,St.James,St.John the Baptist,St. Landry,St.Martin,St.Tammany,Tangipahoa,Vermillion,Washington,West Baton Rouge,and West Feliciana Maine Counties of Hancock and Washington Massachusetts Counties of Barnstable,Bristol,Dukes,Nantucket,and Plymouth Mississippi Counties of George,Hancock,Harrison,Jackson,Pearl River,and Stone North Carolina Counties of Beaufort,Brunswick,Camden,Chowan,Columbus,Craven,Currituck,Jones,New Hanover,Onslow, Pamlico,Pasquotank,Fender,Perquimans,Tyrrell,and Washington South Carolina Counties of Beaufort,Berkeley,Charleston,Colleton,Dorchester,Georgetown,Horry,Jasper,and Williamsburg Texas Counties of Aransas,Brazoria,Calhoun,Cameron,Chambers,Galveston,Jefferson,Kennedy,Kleberg,Matagor- da, Nueces,Orange,Refugio,San Patric*,and Willacy Virginia Cities of Chesapeake,Norfolk,Portsmouth,Princess Anne,and Virginia Beach Wind Zone III Hawaii Entire state Alaska Coastal regions(as determined by the 90 mph isotach on the ANSI/ASCE 7-88 map) Florida Counties of Broward.Charlotte,Collier,Dade,Franklin,Gulf,Hendry, Lee,Martin,Manatee,Monroe,Palm Beach, Pinellas,and Sarasota Louisiana Parishes of Jefferson,La Fourche,Orleans, Plaquemines,St.Bernard,St.Charles,St.Mary,and Terrebonne North Carolina Counties of Carteret,Dare,and Hyde Jj Other All regions of the U.S.Territories of American Samoa,Guam,Northern Mariana Islands,Puerto Rico,Trust Territo- Dl y of the Pacific Islands,and the United States Virgin Islands STEP 3. CONFIRM THERMAL ZONE CYFrom Figure 3,identify the thermal(UO)zone for the home.Verify that the home con- forms to the following rules. 5 • No home may be located in an area with a higher thermal zone number than that indicated on the data plate.(Example:a home designed for Thermal Zone 2 cannot be placed in Thermal Zone 3.) z • A home may be located in a lower thermal zone than that indicated on the da- ta plate.(Example:a home designed for Thermal Zone 2 may be placed in ei- iither Thermal Zone 2 or 1.). • In no case may a home designated for installation in the"Humid&Fringe Climate,"as identified on the data plate,be located outside of this region (Table 2). A home that is not specifically designated for installation in the 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 10 i g t t fy taWf "Humid and Fringe Climate"(that is,has no such designation at all on the da- ta plate)may still be located in this region(Table 2). If the home does not conform to these rules,contact the manufacturer immediately. 9. ,. Figure 3. Thermal(UO)zone map YR � .! `p t a:... xc.. IN o,wr«. 9.11i ttld w, TABLE 2.HUMID AND FRINGE CLIMATE ZONES Humid and Fringe Climate Zone Alabama Counties of Baldwin.Barbour,Bullock,Butler,Choctaw,Clarke,Coffee,Conecuh,Covington,Crenshaw,Dale, Escambia,Geneva,Henry,Houston,Lowndes,Marengo,Mobile,Monroe,Montgomery,Pike,Washington,and Wilcox Florida All counties and locations Georgia Counties of Appling,Atkinson,Bacon,Baker,Ben Hill,Berrien,Brantley,Brooks, Bryan,Calhoun,Camden,Char- leton,Chatham,Clay,Clinch,Coffee,Colquitt,Cook,Crisp,Decatur,Dougherty,Early,Echols,Effingham,Evans, Glynn,Grady,Irwin,Jeff Davis,Lanier,Lee,Liberty,Long,Lowndes,McIntosh,Miller.Mitchell,Pierce,Quitman, Randolph,Seminole,Tattnall,Terrell,Thomas,Tift,Turner,Ware,Wayne,and Worth Hawaii All counties and locations '.. Louisiana All counties and locations Mississippi Counties of Adams,Amite,Claiborne,Clarke,Copiah,Covington,Forrest,Franklin,George,Greene,Hancock, Harrison,Hinds,Issaquena,Jackson,Jasper,Jefferson,Jefferson Davis,Jones,Lamar,Lawrence,Lincoln,Mari- on,Pearl River,Perry,Pike,Rankin,Simpson,Smith,Stone,Walthall,Warren,Wayne,and Wilkinson North Carolina Counties of Brunswick,Carteret,Columbus,New Hanover,Onslow,and Pender South Carolina Counties of Beaufort,Berkeley,Charleston,Colleton,Dorchester,Georgetown,Horry and Jasper Texas Counties of Anderson,Angelina,Aransas,Atascosa,Austin,Bastrop,Bee,Bexar,Brazoria,Brazos,Brooks,Bur- leson,Caldwell,Calhoun,Cameron,Camp,Cass,Chambers,Cherokee,Colorado,Coma!,De Witt,Dimmit,Duval, Falls,Fayette,Fort Bend, Franklin,Freestone,Frio,Galveston,Goliad,Gonzales,Gregg,Grimes,Guadalupe, Hardin,Harris,Harrison,Hays,Henderson,Hidalgo,Hopkins,Houston,Jackson,Jasper,Jefferson,Jim Hogg,Jim Wells,Karnes,Kaufman,Kennedy,Kinney,Kleberg,La Salle,Lavaca,Lee,Leon,Liberty,Limestone,Live Oak, Madison,Marion,Matagorda,Maverick,McMullen,Medina,Milam,Montgomery,Morris,Nacogdoches,Navarro, Newton,Nueces,Orange,Panora,Polk,Rains,Refugio,Robertson,Rusk,Sabine,San Augustine,San Jacinto, San Patrick),Shelby,Smith,Starr,Titus,Travis,Trinity,Tyler,Upshur,.Uvalde,Val Verde,Van Zandt,Victoria, Walker,Waller,Washington,Webb,Wharton,Willacy,Williamson,Wilson,Wood,Zapata,and Zavala STEP 4. CONFIRM ROOF LOAD ZONE From Table 3,identify the Roof Load Zone for the home.Verify that the home con- forms to the following rules. • No home may be placed in an area with a higher roof load than that indicated on the data plate.(Example:a home designed for the South(20 pst)Roof i-- Load Zone cannot be placed in the Middle(30 psf) Roof Load Zone). • A home may be located in an area with a lower roof load than that indicated C3 on the data plate.(Example:a home designed for the Middle(30 psf)Roof Z Load Zone may be placed in the South(20 psf)Roof Load Zone). , • Note—When a home designed for a higher roof load zone is placed in the 20 psf Roof Load Zone,the perimeter piering may be omitted with the exception of the point-load support locations(doors,openings 4 feet or greater in width, r-- etc.)which are still required. 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 11 egoomv~itivomigewv% li • There are special high roof load areas(primarily in mountains)not shown on the map.Contact the LAHJ or SAA for information about these areas.The home's data plate will indicate if the home has been designed for one of these high roof load areas. • Ramadas may be used in areas with roof live loads greater than 40 psf. Ramadas are to be self-supporting,except that any connection to the home must be for weatherproofing only. TABLE 3. ROOF LOADS BY LOCALITY North(40 psf roof load) Alaska All counties Maine Counties of Aroostook,Piscataquis,Somerset,Penobscot,Waldo,Knox. Hancock,Washington Middle(30 psf roof load) Colorado All counties Idaho All counties Iowa Counties of:Buena Vista,Butler,Calhoun,Cerro Gordo,Cherokee.Chickasaw,Clay,Dickinson,Emmet,Floyd. Franklin,Hamilton,Hancock,Hardin,Howard,Humboldt,Ida.Kossuth,Lyon,Mitchell,O'Brien,Osceola,Palo Alto, Plymouth,Pocahontas,Sac,Sioux,Webster,Winnebago.Worth.Wright Maine Counties of Androscoggin,Cumberland,Franklin,Kanabec,Lincoln,Oxford,Sagadahoc,York Massachusetts County of Essex. Michigan Counties of Alger,Alcona,Alpena,Antrim,Baraga, Benzie,Charlevoix,Cheboygan,Chippewa,Crawford,Delta, Dickson,Emmet,Gogebic,Grand Traverse,Houghton,Iron,Kalkaska,Keweenaw,Leelanau, Luce,Mackinac, Marquette,Menominee,Missaukee,Montmorency,Ogemaw,Ontonagon,Oscoda,Otsego,Presque Isle,Ros- common,Schoolcraft,Wexford Minnesota Counties of Aitkin,Anoka,Benton,Blue Earth,Brown,Cass,Carlton,Carver,Chippewa,Chicago,Cook.Cotton- wood,Crow Wing,Dakota,Dodge, Douglas,Faribault,Fillmore,Freeborn,Goodhue,Grant, Hennepin,Hubbard, Itasca,Isanti,Jackson,Kandiyohi,Kanabec,Koochiching,Lac qui Palle. Lake,Le Sueur,Lincoln,Lyon,McLeod, Meeker.Morrison,Millie Lacs,Mower,Martin,Murray, Nicollet,Nobles,Olmsted,Pipestone,Pine,Pope,Ramsey, Redwood,Renville,Rice,Rock,St. Louis,Sibley,Scott,Steele,Sherburne,Swift.Stearns,Stevens,Todd,Wade- na,Wright,Washington,Wabasha,Winona,Waseca,Watonwan,Yellow Medicine Montana All Counties New Hampshire All Counties New York Counties of Cayuga,Clinton,Essex, Erie,Franklin,Fulton,Genesee,Hamilton,Herkimer,Jefferson,Lewis,Living- ston,Madison,Monroe,Montgomery. Niagara,Oneida,Onondaga,Ontario,Orleans,Oswego,St.Lawrence,Sara- toga,Schenectady,Seneca,Warren,Washington,Wayne,Wyoming,Yates South Dakota Counties of Brookings,Clay,Codington, Deuel,Grant,Hamlin,Hanson,Hutchinson,Kingsbury,Lake,Lincoln, McCook.Miner,Minnehaha,Moody,Turner,Union,Yankee Utah All Counties Vermont Counties of Addison,Caledonia,Chittenden,Essex,Franklin,Grand Isle,Lamoille,Orange,Orleans,Rutland, Washington,Windsor Wisconsin Counties of Ashland,Bayfield. Barron,Buffalo,Burnett,Clark,Chippewa,Door,Douglas,Dunn,Eau Claire,Flor- ence,Forest., Iron,Jackson,Langlade,Lincoln,Marathon,Marinette,Menominee,Oconto,Oneida,Pepin,Pierce, Polk,Price,Rusk,St.Croix,Sawyer,Taylor,Trempealeau,Vilas,Washburn Wyoming All Counties South(20 psf roof load) O Other The states and counties not listed for the Middle or North roof load zone above are deemed to be within the South roof load zone. Jr✓r' ,F',.,°,a ,,,?/ .,,,�PfF?.�'✓ .�;,:,.F;;r„f r;.,ry'r�. ?/� ,r,_,,;✓�, ;;-,;aT ', Is the data plate present and the home place—tin the appro- priate wind, thermal, and roof load zones? IF YES, go to STEP 5,CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PER- .„.. . MITS, (p. 13). �. 10- NO,Stop installation activities and notify the home retallai','Itturchaser and HUD. 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 12 STEP 5. CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS Local regulations may set conditions for the setting and installation of a manufactured home.Consult the LAHJ,state manufactured housing association,and the state SAA y / (See Resources,p. 3)for the specific local requirements, including: Areas subject to flooding. • Building codes that may affect the construction of site built structures and in- The foundation specifics- frastructure. tions contained in this • Local requirements regulating the installation of manufactured homes. manual are NOT intended • Setback requirements for property lines,streets,yards,and courts. to address flood loads. If the home is in the flood • Fire separation distances. plain,consult a registered • Development covenants for the specific property. engineer. • The locations of flood hazard areas and any special foundation requirements for homes installed in those areas. • In some areas,building permits are required to install manufactured homes. Prior to making any alteration to the site and the home,contact the LAHJ to determine if plan approval and permits are required. i,o lot goto Prepare the Site(p. 14) � I ' I ' I i I ' II p r r A 0 z A 2 a r 118/201B 11:39 AM 13 repave°the Sitcom: Prepare the Site A properly prepared site is critical to a good quality installation and the long term structural stability of the home. This chapter explains the process of planning the site,evaluating the soil,and preparing the site for construction of the home's support system. STEP 1. PLAN SITE ACCESS(p. 14) STEP 2. DETERMINE HOME LOCATION AND LAYOUT(p. 14) '.. V STEP 3.CLEAR AND GRADE THE SITE(p. 15) V STEP 4. DETERMINE SOIL CONDITIONS(p. 15) V STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST LINE(p. 16) V STEP 6. DETERMINE GROUND ANCHOR HOLDING CAPACITY(p. 17) STEP 1. PLAN SITE ACCESS Planning the route to the site is typically the responsibility of the retailer or transporta- r tion company.Whoever is responsible must secure state permits from the states through which the home will pass. Site Preparation.The home In planning the route,avoid obstructions that might interfere with the passage of the manufacturer has no con- home,such as low hanging wires and trees,low overpasses, and bridges not suitable trol over the site planning for the load.Contact the utility company if wires need to be moved. Do not allow and installation of the home branches, bushes, or other foliage to scrape against the home as the home is moved to unless the manufacturer is the site.Avoid ditches,berms,steep slopes,and soft ground.Identify and fill any holes responsible for the home's and soft spots into which the transporter's wheels may sink.Avoid moving over steep installation. Final responsi- changes in grade(20 degrees or more). bility for site preparation, including soil stability and If required,provide for home storage and staging areas on the site. Plan the delivery frost heave control,lies with and staging of home sections and materials so that after all deliveries are complete, the installer.An improperly home sections and materials can be accessed for use and installed in the appropriate prepared site may result in sequence.Orient home sections so they do not have to be rotated or excessively ma- the denial of a foundation- neuvered during the installation process.Plan for temporary needs,such as dump- related warranty claim. sters, portable toilets,crew parking,delivery vehicle drop-offs and concrete mixer de- liveries. Before moving the manufactured home to the site,inform the LAHJ and make sure the site is prepared and utilities are available. m STEP 2. DETERMINE HOME LOCATION AND LAYOUT The home location may have already been determined by others.If not,plan the home location and layout in compliance with the regulations researched in Getting Started, STEP 5.CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS(p. 13).Contact utilities Fire separation.Comply for locations of existing infrastructure,such as underground cables,pipes,and electri- cal lines. with any LAHJ fire separa- tion requirements or the re- When planning the site improvements,consider the following: quirements NFPA 501A, • The home location should be level. 2003 edition(Chapter 6). • Avoid contact with large trees,steep slopes, poorly drained areas,and poten- tial flood zones. • Preserve trees and shrubs for shade,visual screens,and windbreaks. • Plan the driveway,parking areas,septic,well,other structures,and utility lines. 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 14 Pwfwgrgragoitvagraza e r rt • The water table must be below the lowest level of the planned support sys- tem/foundation.A soil's bearing capacity can be greatly reduced when it is saturated with water.Note that water tables may vary with seasonal or cli- mactic conditions.Consult a geologist or the LAHJ if you are unsure of the water table level. • The soil must not be a highly expansive type. Expansive soils can expand when they become saturated with water,causing the home to shift and be- come unlevel.If soils are expansive,contact a registered engineer,or regis- tered architect to assist with the design of the foundation system. DOGS he soil meet " I. YES, go to STEP 5r:. BEARING CAPACITTANI FROST LINE,(p 18) NO Consult a registered engineer registers rchitect or geologist to determine a suitableeoil bearing capacity• STEP 5, DETERMINE SOIL-BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST LINE The soil under a home must be capable of withstanding the loads imposed by the F , weight of the home,its support system and furnishings,as well as any loads imposed • by wind,snow,or other climactic conditions. Soil bearing capacity.Sup- SOIL-BEARING CAPACITY port systems on soils with Determine the soil-bearing capacity in pounds per square foot(psf)before designing a bearing capacities less than support system.The higher the capacity(psf),the more weight the soil can hold without 1,000 psf must be designed unduly compressing.As the soil-bearing capacity increases,footings can be reduced in by a registered engineer or size or spaced farther apart. registered architect and approved by the LAHJ. Use one or more of the following methods to determine the site's soil bearing capacity: Limitations of pocket pene- • Test the soil.Hire a registered geologist,registered engineer,or registered trometers.Pocket pene- architect to determine the soil classification and maximum allowable soil bear- trometers do not work on ing capacity by testing the soil in accordance with generally accepted engi- sand or gravel. Use Table neering practice. 4 to determine allowable • Obtain soil records.The local office of the U.S.Department of Agriculture's pressure for these types of Natural Resources Conservation Service(www.sails.ii da.gov.)and/or the soils.If you encounter a LAHJ may have test results and/or soil analyses on file for the area. layer of gravel,test the soil under the gravel.Do not • Conduct a pocket penetrometer test.Use a pocket penetrometer to esti- put the penetrometer on mate allowable soil-bearing capacity as follows: stones larger than its tip as 1. Select a location that will be under a footing. this will provide an inaccu- 1 2. Clear an area of a minimum of one square foot at least four inches deep rate reading. or to the depth of the bottom of the planned footing. 3. Using the instructions provided with the pocket penetrometer,take at least five readings. 4. Discard the high and low readings and average the remaining readings. Round this result down to the nearest soil-bearing value shown in the right column of Table 4. O5. Confirm that the rounded result matches the soil description on Table 4. • Determine soil-bearing value by visual examination.If one of the options above is not available,the values on Table 4 can be used to establish soil- cq bearing capacity by visual examination.This method provides lower capacity values than the options above.Accurate soil identification typically requires special training or expertise.An engineer or building code official may be able to assist in classifying the soil found on the site. 1/8/201611:39AM-- - 16 t', TABLE 4.SOIL-BEARING CAPACITY BY SOIL TYPE Soil Type(and classification) Allowable Pressure(psf) Rock or hard pan(class 1) i 4,000 Sandy gravel and gravel,very dense and/or cemented sands; course gravel/cobbles;preloaded silts,clays and coral(class 2) 2,000 Sand:silty sand;clayey sand;silty gravel;medium dense course 1,500 sands;sandy gravel,very stiff silt,sand clays(class 3) Clay,sandy clay,silty clay,clayey silt(classes 4A and 4B) 1,000 Uncompacted fill,peat,organic clays(class 5) Professional testing required Note to table:No allowances made for overburden pressure,embedment depth,water table height,or settlement problems. • Use default capacity.Use an allowable pressure of 1,500 psf,unless site- specific information requires the use of lower values based on soil classifica- tion and type according to Table 4. Note that soil types may vary across a home site. In this case,the soil with the lowest bearing capacity should be assumed when designing the support system.Keep a rec- ord of the soil-bearing capacity value;it will be used later to design the home's support system. FROST LINE In climates subject to ground freezing,consult the LAHJ,a registered engineer,or reg- istered architect to determine the depth of the frost line.Figure 6 may be used as a guideline when there is no specific local determination.Keep a record of the frost depth; it will be used later to design the home's support system. 1` 2' Figure 6.Average frost pen- 3' ,5 67 7' 6'5' etration depth(in feet) I d _k, 3' w s 3' � 3' 2` ,,dd N y j r , 1101 Will this installation use auger-type ground anchors? s o t:. ► YES, go to STEP 6,DETERMINE GROUND ANCHOR HOLDING , z CAPACITY,(p. 17) ,�, r ti v# �/r� -I ► NO • go to ConstructFounc ion,; . ! r Torque Probe.Before using , STEP 6. DETERMINE GROUND ANCHOR HCBL €t the torque probe,check p CAPACITY fo r the utility companies z for the location of under- E When using auger-type ground anchors to tie down the home,first, use a torque probe ground cables or pipes to Z to determine the anchor-holding strength of the soil on the site. avoid contact with the C probe shaft. 1' r 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 17 Use a torque probe with a shaft of sufficient length to test the soil at the depth of the anchor helical plate.Augur the probe into the ground,and following the probe manufac- turer's instructions,take the torque wrench reading in the area where the anchors will be installed and at the depth of the anchor helix. If the soil varies in consistency across the site,then use the lowest reading. Based on this reading,consult the anchor manu- facturer's charts to select the anchor type(s). 111. For pier and ground ehor, o Install Footings, p 9) 'meter H o to Construct Foundation, 33) . '.. ., �� 7 1 I I '----------- --- 1/8/2016 11:39 AM__ 18 Eminstattfomingsm Install Footings This chapter provides instructions for the design and construction of individual footings that transfer the load from a single pier to the ground.A footing and pier together(discussed in Set the Home)is referred to as a"support." A footing may also be designed to carry the load of multiple piers(often called"strip"footings). • STEP 1.DESIGN POINT LOAD SUPPORTS(p. 19) ✓ STEP 2.DESIGN FRAME SUPPORTS(Homes Without Perimeter Blocking)(p.21) • STEP 3. DESIGN FRAME AND PERIMETER SUPPORTS(Homes With Perimeter Blocking)(p.23) STEP 4.SELECT FOOTING MATERIALS(p.25) • STEP 5.SIZE FOOTINGS(p.25) STEP 6.INSTALL FOOTINGS(p. 29) STEP 1. DESIGN POINT LOAD SUPPORTS - All homes will need supports,and therefore footings,under the frame,marriage line (for multi-section homes),exterior wall openings and other heavy point loads. The home manufacturer may have provided a blocking diagram(or tags,labels, paint or other markings under the home)indicating the required locations and/or loads for perimeter,marriage line and/or frame supports specifically for this home.If so,the dia- gram or tags take precedence over the directions provided in this manual. Create a sketch of the home that includes the exterior walls,the frame I-beams and the marriage line(s),if a multi-section home.The sketch will be used in this chapter to lo- cate each support,and note the size of the corresponding footing.Figure 7 is an ex- ample of such a support plan. Figure 7.Example of sup- Perimeter Pier 9 P Blocking Piers Door Piers ! port plan t I i I-Beam Frame C7 - isidimomi Marriage Wall Piers a:z 0 !ISl:N:TII:r Frame Piers IPP:orch Post Piers Perimeter 4_9ar',{ '' iy 1 • Blocking --ill ',/ S 1 - IO Piers s 1310 Door Piers '1" j ,' As the location and load for each support is determined, note it on the sketch.WhenN. +.HA"tc'tya D selecting locations for supports,keep in mind that increasing the spacing between "` a r .i 1/8/2016 11.39 AM 19 supports will increase the load on that support and the size of the required footing. DETERMINE LOCATIONS Point loads exist where a bearing/structural weight is concentrated and transferred to the foundation at a specific point.Locate a support under each point load, including the following examples: • Both sides of sidewall exterior doors,patio doors and sliding glass doors (blocking is not required at exterior doors on non-bearing end walls). • Jamb studs at multiple window openings. • Jamb studs at any other sidewall openings 48"or greater in width. • Locations where through-the-rim crossover ducts penetrate the rim joist at the marriage line(unless otherwise noted in supplemental documents provided with the home or unless the home is constructed with a perimeter frame system). , • Marriage line columns. • Load-bearing porch posts. • Labeled G-2 strap locations(for shearwalls). • Under heavy(400 lbs or greater)items,such as heavy furniture,waterbeds, fireplaces and large fish tanks located outboard of the home's main I-beams. Mark the required point load support locations on the sketch.Supports are not required where the manufacturer has reinforced the floor(such as with additional outriggers or floor joists)and so noted in the documentation provided with the home. Figure 8 identifies typical point load support locations. Shearwall Rer Door Piers Figure B. Typical point-load support locations I-Beam Frame 1111.111.11111111141111.11 j I Marriage Wall Piers olopr , I s V Porch Post Piers J Di Door Piers Q l Z O CALCULATE LOADS c ""r"•r 5 Consult the specific plans for the home being installed.The location of the mating line fii \ piers is shown on the floor plan.The exact loads for any mating line piers are shown on the specification tables for that floor plan. w". �' 6 � j 3310.5 sIII meter blocking -y.Ahll�r :t• rimeter blocking is NOT required, go to STEP 2,DESIGN qr ~ ME SUPPORTS(Homes Without Perimeter Blocking),(p1,) irFtw 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 2; iiiVARROSMA.000ARVitMA hg Sr Y . o r�t<-''-''''•v- .«~ . }SIGN'FRAMEPIANSINO"Otrtit s kgika°. tern .,,rBlocki STEP 2. DESIGN FRAME SUPPORTS (Homes Without Perimeter Blocking) DETERMINE LOCATIONS rA i r, A, All homes require regularly spaced supports along all main frame I-beams.Select spacing between supports and sketch them on the support plan. Keep in mind that Spacing frame supports. frame supports under homes with 8"deep I-beams may be no more than eight feet There must be a support apart.Those under homes with 10"or 12"deep I-beams may be no more than 10 feet located near the end of apart.Generally,greater distances between supports will require larger footings. each I-beam such that Figure 9 shows typical frame support locations. there is no more than 12 inches of beam past the edge of the support. Exception: A support may be located 24 inches max- j imum from the end of the I- I beam for 10 and 12 wides if '• the next footing is located 3'-0"closer than specified in the tables(see Figure 10) Shearwall Pier Door Piers Figure 9. Typical support l-seam Frame for homes not 1111111111111g Members requiring regularly spaced ° perimeter supports rame Piers arriage Wall Piers Frame Piers `a Vr Porch Post Piers Door Piers Pi cn (i.6•5 c„:-. 1 ,a,_6. ,‘,. ri; { 5C, $r,r'S1ra .. IC _.r 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 21 MONAMPA !-L9d�4 011 Figure 10.End of beam piering exception - Typ.O.C. _I_ Spacing __ �> Spacing Minus 3'-0" --� #--- k , CALCULATE LOADS Use Table 5 to determine the loads on frame supports.Find the column with the ap- propriate roof load zone and section width, Find the row corresponding to the selected , support spacing.The number in the intersecting cell is the load. # a Loads on all frame supports can be assumed to be equal if support spacing is equal. , " ` I � .5V However,if different support spacings are used,then each support with a different , V < spacing should be calculated separately. ! 115 Use Table 6 to determine the loads on porch post piers.Find the column with the ap- propriate section width.Find the row corresponding to the roof load and porch post spacing.The number in the intersecting cell is the load. Note the location and load required of each support on the sketch. TABLE 5. LOAD ON FRAME SUPPORTS FOR HOMES NOT REQUIRING PERIMETER BLOCKING Roof load zone and max.section width South(20 psf) Middle(30 psf) North(40 psf) tl 10ft 12 ft 14 ft 15ft 16ft 18ft 10 ft-18ft 10ft-18ft a 4ft 2100 2400 2700 2900 3000 3200 o. w= 2600 2900 3300 3500 3700 3900 Perimeter Piering Perimeter Piering I Eo- 3100 3400 3900 4200 4300 47D0 '. Required for 30 psf Required for 40 psf Ti 8ft 4000 4500 5100 5500 5600 6i00 (See Table 7) (See Table 7) 10ft 4900 5500 6300 6800 7000 7500 I Eave width is 12"maximum for all home widths. ¢! TABLE 6:SUPPORT LOADS ON PORCH POSTS 2 Roof Max. Max.section width Load support p spacing 12ft 14ft 15ft 16ft 18ft 4 ft 750 850 900 1000 1200 20 psf 6ft 1100 1300 1400 1500 1700 co 8 ft 1500 1700 1800 2000 2200 4ft 1000 1150 1200 1300 1500 30 psf Eft 1450 - 1700 1800 2000 2200 8ft 2000 2300 2400 2600 2900 l ! 1/8/201 6 1 1:38 AM 22 4ft 1200 1400 1500 1600 1800 40 psf 6ft 1800 2100 2300 2400 2700 8ft 2400 2800 3000 3200 3600 I STEP 3. DESIGN FRAME AND PERIMETER SUPPORTS (Homes With Perimeter Blocking) DETERMINE ndingo designandl A if OCATIONS Depending on and location,some homes require regularly spaced perimeter supports along all of the sidewalls and marriage walls in addition to frame supports. This will be indicated on the data plate and/or documents included with the home. Spacing frame supports. There must be a support To minimize the number of required perimeter supports,space them evenly between located near the end of point load supports as shown in Figure 11. These figures identify typical support loca- each I-beam such that tions for homes requiring perimeter supports. there is no more than 12 inches of beam past the edge of the support. Exception: A support may be located 24 inches max- imum from the end of the!- beam for 10 and 12 wides if 3 j the next footing is located 3'-0"closer than specified in the tables(see Figure 10) Figure 11. Typical support Perimeter Sheerwall Per Blocking Piers Door Piers ' locations for homes requiring supports simemildwirI�eam Frame j perimeterPP U Marriage Wall Piers - ti Frame Piers '.,.. ra I.Beam Fame lir Woo warAW 'orch Post Pea Perimeter Blocking , 1* Piers Door Piers Z i UT —I CALCULATE LOADS ( - 1 ES i*� ti w Use Table 7 to determine the loads on frame and perimeter supports for homes requir- ing perimeter blocking. Find the column with the appropriate roof load(Table 3)and a a' I aC' � _ -71 section width. Find the group of rows corresponding to the selected support spacing. . ti O The values in the intersecting cells are the loads for the frame, perimeter,and marriage s 3310' it Z line supports respectively. E Loads on supports of a given type(frame,perimeter,or marriage)can be assumed to s €. d ti ?F z be equal if support spacing is equal.However,if different support spacings are used fi '. , then each support with a different spacing should be calculated separately. r 1 I 1(812016 11:39 AM 23 d § z Use Table 6 to determine the loads on porch post piers. Find the column with the ap- propriate section width, Find the row corresponding to the roof load and porch post spacing.The number in the intersecting cell is the load. Note the location and load required of each support on the sketch. TABLE 7.LOAD ON FRAME AND PERIMETER SUPPORTS FOR HOMES REQUIRING PERIMETER BLOCKING Roof load zone and max.section width South(20 psf) Middle(30 psf) Maximum Location 10ft 12ft 14ft 15ft 16ft 18ft 10ft 12ft 14ft 15ft 16ft 18ft spacing Frame 1200 1300 1350 1400 1450 1500 1200 ', 1300 1350 1400 1450 1500 4ft Perimeter 1300 1500 1700 1800 1900 2000 1500 1700 2000 2100 2200 2400 Marriage See Floor Plan instead See Floor Plan instead Frame 1400 . 1500 1700 1700 1800 1900 1400 1500 1700 1700 1800 1900 [ 5ft Perimeter 1500 1700 2000 2200 2200 2400 1800 2100 2400 2600 2700 2900 Marriage See Floor Plan instead See Floor Plan instead Frame 1700 1800 1900 2000 2000 2100 1700 1800 1900 2000 2000 2100 6ft Perimeter 1700 2000 2300 2500 2600 2900 2100 2400 2800 3100 3200 3400 Marriage See Floor Plan instead See Floor Plan instead Frame 2100 2300 2400 2600 2600 2800 2100 2300 2400 2600 2600 2600 8ft Perimeter 2200 2600 3000 3300 3400 3700 2700 3100 3600 4000 4100 4500 Marriage See Floor Plan instead See Floor Plan instead Frame 2500 2700 3000 3100 3200 3400 2500 2700 3000 3100 3200 3400 loft Perimeter 2700 3100 3700 4000 4100 4500 3300 3800 4400 4900 5000 5500 Marriage See Floor Plan instead See Floor Plan instead Roof load zone and max.section width North(40 psf) nspac ng Location 10 ft 12 ft 14 ft 15 ft 16 ft 18 ft Frame 1200 1300 1350 1400 1450 1500 '.. 4 ft Perimeter 1800 2000 2300 2500 2600 2800 Marriage See Floor Plan instead Frame 1400 1500 1700 1700 1800 1900 5ft Perimeter 2100 2400 2800 3000 3100 3400 Marriage See Floor Plan instead Frame 1700 1800 1900 2000 2000 2100 6 ft Perimeter 2500 2800 3300 3600 3700 4000 Marriage See Floor Plan instead Q Frame 2100 2300 2400 2600 2600 2800 . 2 8ft Perimeter 3200 3700 4200 4600 4800 5200 OMarriage See Floor Plan instead =" f'+'„ Frame 2500 2700 3000 3100 3200 3400 T^ 10 ft Perimeter 3900 4500 5200 5700 5900 6400 t' ,. s Marriage See Floor Plan Instead r a ' .0 4, CO 4 Eave width is 12"maximum for all section widths f Fd4 4s,'` (Based on Table 2 to 3285.303) ,r 1 t' .<. r 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 24 I I wearearigatomirmA , 1141, ...„54. ,; ,!,,r±4,....-0,filti-. .:4:fi,„. .:1:!':' STEP 4. SELECT FOOTING MATERIAL Select one of the products and materials from Table 8 for the footings. TABLE 8. FOOTING MATERIALS Material Appropriate Use I Specification !Minimum 6"thick poured-in-place concrete pads,slabs,or ribbons with at least a 28 Poured concrete All soil types day compressive strength of 3,000 psi.Cast-in-place concrete footings may also I require reinforcing steel based on acceptable engineering practice,the design 111'loads,and site specific soil conditions. 'Minimum 4'thick nominal precast concrete pads meeting or exceeding ASTM C Pre-cast concrete All soil types 190-02a,Standard Specification for Load Bearing Concrete Masonry Units,without reinforcement,with at least a 28-day compressive strength of 2,500 psi. !Use in accordance with the pad manufacturer's instructions.Must be certified for ABS plastic Stable soils use in the soil classification at the site,listed and labeled for the required load ca- pacity. Nominal 2-inch thick wood x 30"maximum length,pressure-treated with a water- Pressure-treated Lumber Stable soils 'borne preservative,in accordance with AWPA Standard U1-04 for Use Category 4B ground contact applications. Cut ends of pressure treated lumber must be field-. ;treated in accordance with AWPA Standard M4-02. :Single layer of nominal 3/4 inch thick maximum 16 inch x 16 inch,or two layers of 3 3/4 inch thick for sizes greater than 16 inch x 16 inch.Rated exposure 1 or exterior Pressure-treated Plywood 'Stable soils sheathing in accordance with PS1-95,Construction and Industrial Plywood. Pres- I 'sure-treated in accordance with AWPA Standard U1-04 for Use Category 4B ground contact applications. Proprietary systems Consult system manu 'Consult system manufacturer. facturer Will footings be concrete? YES,go to STEP 5,SIZE FOOTINGS, fp 25 _ NO,see footing system manufacturer's instructions.installed For ofrgi8 footings, the ground moisture barrier may be now see ( Ar 1 Z s,`. Complete Exterior Work,STEP 2.INSTALL GROUND MOL • 'SURE RETARDER the to Set the Home (p. . Frost protection.When se- if � 35) lecting footing materials, bear in mind the need for frost protection. Not all foot- ing materials are suitable STEP S. SIZE FOOTINGS j for freezing climates. Once the load on the footing and the soil-bearing capacity are known,calculate the size of each footing as follows: 1. From Table 9 determine if the pier is to be of single-stack blocks(8 inch x16 inch)or double-stack blocks(16 inch x 16 inch)pier. 2. Locate the group of rows in Table 10 with the soil-bearing capacity deter- fro mined in Prepare the Site,STEP 5.DETERMINE SOIL-BEARING CAPACI- TY4-2 f* AND FROST LINE(p. 16). Use the next lowest value if the exact value ,, ,q I r does not appear. *f I y 3. Read across the table to determine the minimum required footing area and e, {/JJ ( 1 5 the minimum footing thickness for the corresponding footing type(single or } 3310E { double-stacked blocks). * , 4. The required footing size may be changed by selecting another support spac- ys „ ing(Table 5 and Table 7). +>-`t-ta,kt %f" ;a x x {5 s `, - ir'' 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 25 t ' VINIKRWMIN OSSatiftt TABLE 9.PIER CONFIGURATION Pier location Height Configuration Maximum load Less than 36 in(except corner Single-stack blocks with long side I8,000 lbs. piers more than 3 blocks high) perpendicular to I-beam Frame Between 36 in and 67 in and Double,interlocked blocks 16,000 lbs corner piers over 3 blocks high Over 67 in I Requires Specific Engineering Single-stack blocks with long side j Perimeter 54 in or less :parallel to perimeter rail(rim joist) r8,000 lbs. Marria a line 54 in or less (Single-stack blocks with long sideg 000 lbs. g (perpendicular to the marriage line 1 { • J I Z r 33105 7k' l � ( l aP>� sFdt.iili'f��' 't"= 4 3n: 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 26 , TABLE 10. FOOTING DIMENSIONS 8 in.x 16 in.pier(single-stack 16 in.x 16 in.pier(double-stack blocks) blocks) Unreinforced Unreinforced Soil Bearing Minimum Footing cast-in-place min. Maximum footing cast-in-place min. Maximum footing Capacity Size(in) thickness(in.) capacity(Ibs) thickness(in.) capacity(Ibs) 16x16 6 1600 6 1600 '.. 20x20 6 2600 6 2600 24x24 6 3700 6 3700 ',. 1000 psf 30x30 8 5600 6 5800 36x36 10 7900 8 8100 42x42 10 8000 10 10700 48x48 12 8000 10 14000 16x16 6 2500 6 2500 20x20 6 4000 6 4000 24x24 8 5600 6 5700 1500 psf 30x30 10 8000 8 8800 ',. M 10 8 12 80008000 10 1612600000 16x16 6 3400 6 3400 20x20 6 5300 6 5300 2000 psf 24x24 8 7600 6 7700 30x30 10 8000 8 11900 '.. 12 8000 10 16000 16x16 6 4300 6 4300 • 20x20 6 6700 6 6700 2500 psf 24x24 8 8000 6 9700 30x30 10 8000 8 15000 36x36 12 8000 10 16000 16x16 6 5200 6 5200 '.. 20x20 8 8000 6 8100 '.. 3000 psf 24x24 10 8000 6 11700 30x30 12 8000 8 16000 16x16 6 7000 6 7000 20x20 8 8000 6 10900 4000 psf 24x24 10 8000 8 15600 30x30 12 8000 10 16000 Note:The capacity values listed have been reduced by the dead load of the concrete footing. Design footings to comply with the following additional requirements: co • Design each footing at least slightly larger than the base of the pier it sup- ,,,;.ports. e'.�3'E°'.�.'"ao,w, l • To keep footings directly under I beams and other support points, size them 'Zt I > S I slightly larger than the minimum required area to allow slight adjustment of i." ,—1 the pier location during home installation. . ,Z, "II}- 0 • Design footings with a footing extension (projection beyond the base of the 3010 pier)no greater than the footing thickness(Figure 12). Increase footing thick- ; ness if necessary. _ 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 27 • Figure 12.Maximum footing extensions 44 '' L _ 16"Block - 411 I TYpi_ 24- A NO Footing Extends Extends By Moe 16" 16" YESByltsmidrneo NO Th6ng5Thlololeee / 24" 16" 1 Or Loss / YES i I � '' I - .; I I I I I Split Footing Extends Spit Footing Extends YES Less Then One thud NO Mon;Then One Third Itswdth Its%Mdth • The footing sizes shown are for square pads and are based on the surface area(square inches). Design non-square footings such that the area and depth is equal to or greater than the area and depth of the square footing shown in Table 10,and the distance from the edge of the pier to the edge of the footing is not more than the thickness of the footing. See Table 11 for equivalent sizes of some alternate footing sizes and shapes. See Figure 13 and Figure 14 for details of certain multiple pad configurations. • For four-inch thick unreinforced precast concrete footings,use the minimum 1 footing size for the six-inch cast-in-place footing from Table 10. • Concrete runners may be considered as an alternate to individual footings. Runners may be oriented full-length of home(parallel to the home main beams)or in a transverse direction.The size of the runner should meet or ex- ceed the size of the footings shown in Table 10. Example:30"x30"x8"footing may be replaced by a 30"wide x 8"thick concrete runner. • TABLE 11 FOOTING EQUIVALENTS Unreinforced Cast- 16x16 Precast Round Cast-in-Place in-Place Concrete Concrete Pads Concrete Diameter Size(inches) I 16x16 Single 20 . 20x20 Double '', 24 24x24 Quad 28 30x30 Quad 36 36x36 Double quad 42 42x42 Double quad 48 48x48 n/a 1 56 '.. —I Figure 13.Multiple Concrete zz PRECAST CONCRETE PADS Pads s (16"x 16"x 4"thick pads) z i o ' 3 i e , `- 3(r '` r\ ,. r l j Single Pad Double Pad Quad Pad ',r,,� ,4nn`,,r�1- , 1PC' iE r t 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 28 t Figure 14.Multiple Lumber TREATED LUMBER PADS Pads (Min. 2 x12 x 24`pads) { rr' Single Pad Double Pad Triple Pad Soil 2 x 12 x 24"pads(Max.Capacity) 2 x 12 x 30"pads(Max.Capacity) Bearing Single Double Triple 2 x Single Double Triple 2 x Capacity Double Double 1000 psf 1900 3800 5700 7500 2400 4700 7100 9400 1500 psf 2900 5700 8500 11300. 3600 7100 10600 14100.": '.. 2000psf 3800 7500 11300 15000 4700 9400 14100 18800 2500.sf 4700 9400 14100 18800 5900 11800 17600 23500 3000 psf 5700 11300 16900 22500 7100 14100 21100 28200 4000 psf 7500 c:,15000 22500 30000 9400 18800 28200.. 37500 STEP 6. INSTALL FOOTINGS Construct the footings as follows: I rA 40 ri#;1\IVA• Maintain the distance between adjacent piers to within 10%of the tabulated + ' spacing and so the average distance between any adjacent spans is equal to Placing Concrete anchors. or less than the tabulated spacing. j If anchors will be placed in • • Whenever possible,place point load supports directly under the required lo- cations. If plumbing,electrical,mechanical equipment interferes, place sup in Install Stabilizing ports no more than 6 inches in either direction of the support point. 1 Sys- tem(p.68)to determine • Recess perimeter blocking supports and perimeter point load supports no anchor layout.Either place more than 10 inches from the edge of the floor with added support as shown anchors immediately after n Figure 15. the concrete has been poured or drill them in after the concrete has set. 4x4 Or 2-2z4'S On Edge(Nailed Figure 15.Perimeter sup- Together)Spanning bor..lo 2 - " ports EzteriorWall •• Fbar Jdsb -� r10 rII �� _ I 44 •� Floor Rim T .'�'�i'2 �� , t YPbal ; 'Sp" �/ Fbar Tom q At, 1 Ø _Fier ,� /ØPier '�94ft.`..l l/ ��✓ 10 co bill" -11111 4 ,3E r,,, ,?r _ ico �� 1 tl'Maz Setback �� w ,1� ��„� Il— p ' From Etlge OF Floor ` > • If footings are rectangular,orient them so that the long side is perpendicular z to the home's I-beam. Cs • Place the bottom of footings on undisturbed soil or fill compacted to at least Z 90%of its maximum relative density. Excavation.If C • In freezing climates protect footings from the effects of frost heave in accord- excavation is required,mark ante with any LAHJ requirements(see Prepare the Site,p. 14). Place the j the footing locations on the 1l$/2016 11:39 AM V44YWY 29 +;tingsh fv bottom of the footings below the frost line(insulated foundations and mono- ground with stakes before lithic slabs are other frost protection options not covered in this manual). beginning to dig. • Make sure the top surface of the footing is level,flat,and smooth. • In accordance with the American Concrete Institute publication ACI-308, maintain curing measures before construction or installation onto the concrete footing begins, until a minimum of 70%of the specified 28-day compressive strength has been achieved.The ACI recommended time to attain this level of strength is seven days for ASTM C150 Type 1 mixtures and 10 days for Type II mixtures.Full design live and dead loads may not be applied until the 28- day duration has elapsed for achieving full strength. • For multi-section units,the mating line piers may need special solutions. If a G-strap occurs at a support post,the piers can be arranged as shown in Fig- ure 16.If the loads at the support post are large enough,it may be necessary to use double piers as shown in Figure 17. If a G-strap occurs where double piers are used,it may be necessary to add support beams as shown in Fig- I€ ure 18. • Figure 15 thru Figure 18 are intended to show pier and footing placement. The actual pier construction shown(concrete block or commercial metal)is t j not meant to limit the type of pier that can be used. Any type of pier described in Table 13(p. 38)may be used in these configurations. Figure 16.Piers at Support g Support max Posts(with G-Strap) i 7 Post or Support Mating • 1 Postor j.• Wall ,I / Mating _`/ Ile ' Labeled War % Labeled c� c+ , G-Straps) ii I I�� G trap See ^ Wood •`�,� Wedges ('P Second Per�/ Cap .' :1ulred \MIX III � 1 m �� lre- I� {I{ ......- Second Pier \ If required For multiple piers atG3Yap each pier need only support half of the I ; '., total support post load. E i ( i rI D Z Q 2 z i 0 ¢> - t `J +.33105 a ' Z . lA„F�t.1E s)w. 11:39 AM 30 teleiStattivoot tng • i - lllIlI Figure 17.Multiple piers at _ra "''' support posts Suppo l i tee y post :,,,,,,,,,,,„.,:45,,,,,,,,,,:5„.:4-A,Q;;,7,z'-, ,.E ,,;;-' ,—Wood wedgesr> --Cap block i I • / �. I �� { See footing table for capacities i r �ti� 1 Sapport r_ > Suppotl -�� post .I p' post :-: , — �geam i I ' Beam ' i ood wedges / ,> ,. // ,.,/ Wood wedges lrb Xt iCop block A \ Cap block \ \�./ / %\ = - , NPR'llt s \� See footing fable for capacities See footing table for capacities i I 1 • t i i i i i i I I 1 I I i i I I jf 1Z ,re 1 .- . o{ 1 Jz 118l2416 11 39 AMuLL i 31 F 11{I Figure 18. Multiple piers and G- strap at support posts Support pFT I —Beam Support 1' I Beam POD 1 j post--�� Wood wedges / —Wood wedges aP block ,rap block ke \` See footing table for capacities — See footing table for capacities TABLE 12 BEAM SELECTION FOR MULTIPLE PIERING I Load Capacity(Ibs) I Load Capacity(Ibs) Beam Configuration Spaced at Max.18" Beam Configuration Spaced at Max.26" and Min.16" and Min.24" 2-2x10 9300 2-2x14 10500 3-2x10 17000 3-2x14 21500 1-4x10 12000 1-4x14 14000 2-2x12 12000 3-2x12 - 23000 1-4x12 16000 1. Lumber to be minimum SPF#2(may be treated or untreated) 2. Beams of the desired configuration may be selected from the appropriate table and used individually or in combinations to achieve the required capacity 3. Multiple 2X members shall be fastened together with 16d nails at 8"o.c. • through both outer members go to Set the Home" 3 .":r„ 0 Z z Ii I ?i ,"g�° rHtyfvtCl" �F i tc 1;hL9i l",'"• _ I � 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 32 i Construct Foundation (FOR HOMES WITH LOAD-BEARING PERIMETER WALL) This chapter provides guidelines and recommendations for the design and construction of a basement or crawlspace foundation using a load-bearing perimeter wall.A load-bearing perimeter wall foundation system uses a wall along the outer edge of the home to support the home's outside walls.This perimeter support works with interior supports such as piers,columns, and cross beams that support the home's frame and, if multi-section, marriage line. a vf STEP 1.OBTAIN A FOUNDATION DESIGN(p.33) • STEP 2.EXCAVATE(p. 33) • STEP 3.CONSTRUCT THE FOOTING OR SLAB(p.33) ✓ STEP 4.CONSTRUCT THE PERIMETER WALL(p 33) • STEP 5.INSTALL INTERIOR SUPPORTS(p.34) ✓ STEP 6.WATERPROOF FOUNDATION WALL(p. 34) ✓ STEP 7.BACKFILL AND GRADE(p.34) STEP 1. OBTAIN A FOUNDATION DESIGN Complete plans for the construction of a typical permanent foundation with load- bearing perimeter walls are available from the home manufacturer. If such plans need i • modification,or if a completely new design is desired, it is the responsibility of the re- tailer and/or homeowner to provide a design approved by an engineer or architect,li- censed in the state where the home will be installed.The approved design must corn- This section is NOT intend- ply with the LAHJ regulations for foundation design,waterproofing,and drainage,and j ed to provide a complete the following: j design for a buildable foun- j dation. A complete design • The foundation perimeter bearing wall must be supported with a concrete slab must be obtained that is or continuous strip footing around the perimeter of the home. Interior piers suitable for the local area must be supported by a slab or footings. If footings are used under interior and sealed by a proles- piers,they may be designed as in Install Footings,p. 19. sional engineer or regis- • Slabs must extend to the edges of the home. tered architect,licensed in • Footings and slabs must be protected from the effects of frost heave by ex- the state. tending the footings to or below the frost line or by using a frost protected Foundation ready home. shallow foundation design. Make sure that homes to be installed on a basement STEP 2. EXCAVATE or a crawlspace have been ordered with a recessed Excavate for the foundation,properly disposing of the earth that is not needed for 1 j frame or as foundation- backfill or site-grading purposes. i ready,where the frame is i, designed to avoid interfer- IZ STEP 3. CONSTRUCT THE FOOTINGS OR SLAB ence with the foundation 'tn rnt Construct the foundation according to the approved design, including the perimeter wall. If the home has 2x6 r- foundation wall,drainage system,footing(s),and/or slab. exterior walls,check with ir" the manufacturer to verify 1.. STEP 4, CONSTRUCT THE PERIMETER WALL the home's overall dimen- ,r;) sions as these may be in- Z Unless the approved design requires otherwise, construct the perimeter wall with mor- creased 4"due to this type 33 tared and reinforced concrete blocks or reinforced poured-in-place concrete.Install re- of construction. x' inforcement according to the approved design or LAHJ. Install ventilation and access Z openings according to the approved design,or if not specified,according to the re- Checking the water table. a quirements in Complete Exterior Work,STEP 3 INSTALL SKIRTING(p.99). For basements,check for a r i high water table.The water When constructing pockets for an H-beam system, measure the beam depth and 1 table may vary seasonally i 1/8/2016 11:39 AM_-- 33 k i 41) locate the pockets carefully. It is critical that when the homes frame rests on top of the j or based on weather H-beam,the perimeter of the floor rests squarely on the foundation wall sill plate I conditions.A geologist can (Figure 19). perform an algae test to determine the water table Bolt a pressure treated wood sill plate(minimum 2 x 6)to the top of the foundation level.The foundation wall.Connect the home to the foundation according to the approved design. Recess design must account for a nuts into the sill plate and cut off the ends of bolts so they do not project above the sill high water table. plate and interfere with the placement of the home. Level the wall.Make sure the foundation is level and straight with no more than a 1/4 inch vertical variation over the entire foundation and no more than 1/8 inch vertical variation over any two-foot length. Check for Plates.When us- ing an H-beam system, check and compensate for reinforcement plates that add thickness to the chas- sis beam at axle locations. Figure 19.H-beam installa- tion _ f Floor 4 Pressure Chassis III Sill Plate Main I-seam Limits of exca- vation.When a crane will rranaverso be used,excavate no more H-beam than two feet outside the foundation perimeter. Un- �;5 s Grout excavated ground will pro- 111 Foundation vide a more stable base for Wall the crane. 1 Footing heights. Pour foot- ings to a height that will re- duce the need to cut blocks STEP 5. INSTALL INTERIOR SUPPORTS or shim when building pe- rimeter walls and piers. Install piers,columns and H-beams to support the interior of the home according to the approved design. STEP 6. DAMP PROOF FOUNDATION WALL rivA Z 4 I Damp proof the foundation wall no less than up to the height of the planned backfill. Backfilling.Backfill against z e,-a ,.or-mar F,f." ,. ,,E, .,o�" ;, �*d' ""r'';� NF"r' ! basement walls only after Is this a basement foundation? the home is connected to 1 the foundation or the ' basement walls may deflect p I ► YES,go to Set the Home,(p. 35)� ! f' NO,.go to STEP 7. BACKFILL AND GRADE F 34 ) inward or collapse. ".,d'' a�'s`- &`ra'+"0. :�'".�atR' STEP 7. BAD. FILL AND GRADE J I u)i Z, Backfill against the foundation wall to the height of the damp proofing. Take care to i not damage the drainage system.Grade the fill as per Prepare the Site(p. 14). 4 Does the approved foundation design call for ground anchors? � ► YES,go to Install Stabilizing Systems,(p 68) p".,=-� .. r"F ,, s� ,,, ► NO,go to Set the Home, (p.35), e 1/812016 1 39 AM 34 tz .v Set the Home i This chapter describes the process of installing the first section of the home(for single section homes this is the only sec- tion)onto the foundation. • STEP 1. PREPARE FOR SET(p. 35) ✓ STEP 2. POSITION HOME SECTION(p. 35) • STEP 3. LIFT HOME(p. 35) ✓ STEP 4.CONSTRUCT PIERS(p. 37) STEP 1. PREPARE FOR SET Before beginning the home set,complete the following: * *A 0 FA OrA • Confirm that the site is properly cleared and graded(see Prepare the Site, p. •T 14. Clearances under the • Ensure that the footings are in place and properly located. home.After the home is • Install any utilities that will be difficult to install(e.g.those below grade be- I leveled,the resulting dis- neath the home)after the home is in place. tance between the bottom of the entire chassis main • Secure or remove from the home and properly store all ship loose items(refer I frame beam and the I to shipping documents for items shipped with the home). ground must be no less • Inspect the home interior,exterior and all provided materials,appliances,and than 12 inches. equipment. Immediately report any damage or shortages to the manufacturer. Utilize proper cribbing. • The ground moisture retarder must be installed now or after the home is Manufactured homes complete. If the retarder is to be installed now,see Complete Exterior Work, weigh several tons.No • STEP 2.INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER(p.98)for require- one should be under the mov- ment and then return here. home(whether is ing or stationary))unless For perimeter bearing wall foundations: proper cribbing is in place • Check that the length and width of the home match with the foundation walls. (Figure 20).Failure to uti- lize proper cribbing may • Check that the two main diagonal measurements of the foundation are equal. result in serious injury or • Check that the foundation walls and other support points are within 1/4 inch of death. level between any adjacent piers or any eight foot distance,whichever is less. • For multi-section homes,check that each pair of diagonal measurements for each portion of the foundation corresponding to a home section are equal. • For multi-section homes,find the electrical bonding lugs on the front or rear outriggers. Reverse them to the inside of the outrigger using star washers so they will be accessible after the home is placed on the foundation walls. Leveling during • If using an H-beam system, remove the frame's shackle hanger if it will inter- jacking. Keep the home's fere with proper placement of the beam. floor as level as possible e during jacking.Twisting or 2 STEP 2. POSITION HOME SECTION warping the floor can dam- -4 Position the home section in its final location(if possible, move the heaviest section of age the structure and finish- ing. Use as many jacks as r- the home into place first).Then place materials needed to construct support piers near necessary to keep the floor �'their final locations under the home as determined in Install Footings,(p. 19). flat and level. z STEP 3. LIFT HOME I There are three primary methods available to place the home on the foundation: D jacking, rolling and craning.Jacks,often with roller systems,are typically used for pier Z and anchor foundations;roller systems are commonly used for crawlspace foundations j+. i with load-bearing perimeter walls;and cranes are most commonly used for basement j r I 1 1/8/2016 11:39 AM —" 35 foundations, JACKS If jacks are to be used,comply with all jacking safety precautions and the procedure below.Lifting the home with jacks involves potential risks and must be done with ut- most care and caution.Failure to follow jacking warnings and procedures may result in serious injury or death. Please read the Jacking Safety Precautions before lifting the home with jacks. • No one should be under the home's I-beams while the jacks are being operat- ed or while the home is supported only on the jacks. • Use jacks only for raising the home.Do not rely on the jacks to support the home. • If possible,raise the home only on one side so that the other side is in contact with the ground. Leave the hitch connected to the vehicle or other stabilizing equipment. • Obey all OSHA regulations. • Make sure adequate safety cribbing(Figure 20)is in place whenever the home is placed on jacks. • Use a minimum of two commercial quality jacks,each with a rating of at least 12 tons. • Jack only on the main chassis I-beam,centering jacks directly under the beam. • Do not jack on a seam(joint between flanges of twin 1-beams). • To distribute the concentrated loads from jacks to I-beam,place a minimum 3/8-inch thick steel plate,a C-channel,a 11/2-inch thick hardwood block or a commercial jacking plate,between the main chassis l-beam and the jack head. • Locate the jack base on firm ground. Never jack on freshly disturbed soil or where an underground sewer pipe may be located. • Use a firm support under the jack base to prevent tipping or settling of the jack. A minimum 16"x 16"or larger wood or rigid fiberglass pad is recommended. Never use concrete blocks as a support for a jack. Follow the jacking sequence outlined below to avoid overstressing structural members: 1. Block wheels.Block the wheels so the house does not roll. 2. Install cribbing.Install safety cribbing(Figure 20). Figure 20. Stack 4"x 6"by 5' —1 long timbers as shown to form safety timbers. Place safety timbers under home behind axle area and under hitch. Z ear�� zl O j 3. Level lengthwise.Locate one jack at the hitch and level the section length- wise(such that the front and rear of the section are at the same height). 4. Locate frame jacks.Place a minimum of one jack just forward of the first spring hanger and another just behind the last spring hanger of the I-beam on the side of the home that is lowest(making sure not to place jacks where the piers will go). Place jacks no more than 20 feet apart and no more than 20 feet from each end of the I-beam. j5. Lift the home.Operating the jacks simultaneously(or sequentially in very small increments),lift the home section until it is slightly higher than the final desired pier height. 1/812016 11:39 AM 36 . t i ROLLER SYSTEMS When using a roller system,comply with the equipment manufacturer's directions and the following sequence: 1. Establish staging area.Establish a staging area directly adjacent to one or both sides of the foundation. 2. Setup rollers.Set up the roller system according to the equipment manufac- turer's directions. 3. Fasten bump blocks.Temporarily fasten wooden bump blocks on the sill plates at the ends of the foundation to stop the home from rolling at the de- sired location. 4. Roll home.Roll the home into place over the foundation. 5. Remove bump blocks.Remove the blocks before installing the next section of a multi-section home. CRANES When using a crane,follow these guidelines: • Position the home section(s)and crane(taking the boom reach into consider- ation) such that they do not have to be repositioned during the set. • Use enough properly sized straps to maintain balance of the home and to prevent damage to the structure. • Place straps under walls or posts,including temporary posts used to support the opening.Do not position lifting straps under marriage wall openings. • Use a properly sized spreader bar to maintain a vertical lift,to avoid placing compression forces on the eaves and to reduce any tendency to slip. • Connect a rope to at least one point on the home so it can be controlled while aloft. • Make provisions to retrieve the straps/cables after the home is set.If using a cradle system,notch the sill plate where the straps will fall.For a sling sys- tem,notch and reinforce the home's rim joist to keep the strap from slipping and allow the strap to be removed after the home is set. • Always set the home section farthest from the crane first so that subsequent section(s)need not be lifted over previously set sections. �- „,nes Have the interior un'afro"" supportsalready been desltg ned and installed as part of an approved load-bearing perimeter wall foundation? ► YES, go to Complete Multi-Se r ,(p.41)or g0 to Connect Utilities, (p.80)for single sectio ," ► NO,go to STEP 4.INSTALL PIE I STEP 4. CONSTRUCT PIERS For the side of the home section that is up on jacks,place piers on footings or pads fol- j f lowing the home manufacturer's blocking plan(or tags). If no plan was provided,use i A _ the support plan developed in Install Footings(p. 19).Start at one end of the home section and work toward the other noting the required pier material specifications and Designing piers.Incorrect procedure described below. size, location or spacing of D piers may result in serious r— Construct piers so as to provide a stable foundation for the home using materials listed structural damage to the in the specifications box below and based on the location of the pier and its height as home. Install piers at all re- O measured from the top of the footing or pad to the top of the cap.See Table 14 for pier quired locations.Failure to do Z construction requirements. so may lead to sagging g floors,walls,and roofs,and D could void the home's war- ranty. r 178l2016 11:39 AM 37 Set the Home TABLE 13. PIER MATERIAL MINIMUM SPECIFICATIONS '.. Component Specification Concrete Block Nominal dimensions of at least 8"x 8"x 16 minimum load 8,000 Ibs;confirming to ASTM designation '.. C90,grade N. Solid masonry(nominal 4"x 8"x16 pre-cast concrete without reinforcement),pressure treated lumber Caps (nominal 2"x 8"x 16") or steel(minimum 1/2"thick,corrosion protected by a min.of a 10 mil coating of an exterior paint or equivalent). Spacers Nominal 2"thick boards. Shims(also called wedg- Hardwood,minimum 4"width by minimum 6"length by maximum 1"thick(nominal);plastic must be listed es) with maximum load capacity:used in pairs. Commercial metal or pre- Available in various sizes stamped with maximum load capacity and listed or labeled for the required verb.- cast concrete piers cal load capacity,and where required by design,for the appropriate horizontal load capacity. TABLE 14.PIER CONSTRUCTION Maximum offset Mortar and Pier location Height Configuration top to bottom Maximum load reinforcement Less than 36 in Single-stack blocks with long 7r" 8,000 lbs `,Not required 'side perpendicular to I-beam ':i Frame Between 36 in and 67 in 'Double,interlocked blocks 1"(Yd'up to 36" 16,000 lbs Not required high) Over 67 in Designed by a registered engineer or registered architect '.. Three or less blocks high Single-stack blocks with long 8,000 lbs Not required side parallel to I-beam Corner Over three blocks high, Double,interlocked blocks 1 (/fhig to 36 16,000 lbs Not required up to 67 in Over 67 in Designed by a registered engineer or registered architect blo Perimeter 54 in or less* side,Singlparallek to pe meters withoraiil �/l up to 36"high 8,000 lbs. .Not required (rim joist) 1. 1"over 36"high Single-stack blocks with long ,/2"up to 36"high ' Marriage line 54 in or less* '.side perpendicular to the 1"over 36"high 8,000 lbs. Not required '..marriage line *Construct perimeter and marriage line piers over 54 inches according to the requirements for frame piers of the same height. 1. Prepare footing surface.Make sure the footing surface upon which the pier sits is flat and smooth.Before placing the pier on the footing,clean dirt,rocks, or other material off the surface of the footing. For cast-in-place concrete foot- ings, if the footing surface is uneven, create a level,flat surface by placing a treated board on the footing and mortaring on the first block(or manufactured pier base),or by placing the first block(or manufactured pier base)on a layer of premix dry sand mortar. .-1 2. Stack blocks.Stack concrete blocks with their hollow cells aligned vertically. When piers are constructed of blocks stacked side-by-side,orient each layer Z i at right angles to the previous one(Figure 21)and plan blocks so that split caps will be perpendicular to the blocks they rest on and to the I-beam. Z � 33105 6„ 1/812016 11:39 AM 38 WANV.Mif$ 4 e ` � — 1111 ,, Figure 21.Frame pier con- ` struction Main I-Beam Wood Shims to Fill I Gaps Up to 1'Max j Main I-Beam Wood Shims ton!! Optional(2)2z6 or Gaps Up to 1"Max (1)2x12 Spacer „'`! Optional 2x6 4x8x16 Concrete Cap �\\ Spacer1164.1%* 40. Cap r Concrete „W. Typical Sz8x16 Cap or ConcreP.T. \\� Concrete Block or Hardwood Cap c m m 3 as TypicalConcrete B8x16lock q 111010 Concrete Block J III 40,,. _ Typical Fooling 110 0111 1 ,,.,p ^' � to r;,. ��-�- - ;' Typical Foaling e 4 S.viki / r.s>•" b J �'f` s I • �.. .M� Y ey1 J�`• .'t./Y�yi I � �.s-r i,.Ki.: 7'li 3. Cap piers.Place a cap on hollow block piers to evenly distribute the structural i load. Use caps the same length and width as the piers they rest upon.When fr Apr using split caps on double-stacked block piers, install the caps with the long er T A so dimension perpendicular to the joint in the blocks below and to the main I- beam. Curing time of mortar. Where wet mortar is used to 4. Install shims.Use shims to level the home and fill any gaps between the construct or level piers,al- base of the I-beam and the top of the pier cap.Always use shims in pairs low it to cure to at least 80% (Figure 22). Drive them in tightly so they do not occupy more than one inch of of strength capacity(usually vertical space.When the space to be shimmed is greater than one inch and requiring 96 hours)before less than the minimum thickness of available caps or concrete blocks,use setting the home. hardwood dimensional lumber(two inches maximum thickness)or 2"or 4" thick concrete block. For split caps,install shims and dimensional lum- ber/blocks over each individual cap. Figure 22. Correct shim -beam placement Shims I':_ne.m----emoi. Dt Spacer Dimensions of Cap masonry perimeter walls. L ■■ If using masonry perimeter enclosure, e,calculate pier rr heights so that the enclo- > ME sure can be built using standard unit dimensions 0 (without cutting). Z 3 5. Set up level.Set up a water level with the fluid level at the desired height of Z the main piers.Carefully lower the side of the section down onto the leveled C piers,adjusting the final height with shims. r 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 39 itowitionwpmeommew USING A WATER LEVEL A water level is a standard device for leveling the home.The level consists of the following components: • • One container(five gallon bucket or one gallon jug). 150 feet of 1/2 inch diameter plastic tubing. Level the home.Thehome is • adequately leveledif there is • Fittings for container to tubing. no more than 1/4 inch differ- • Valve for terminal end of tubing. ence between adjacent pier Liquid for system:colored water in warm climates,windshield supports(frame rio r perime- • washingfluid in cold climates. ter)ann the exterior doors and windows of the home do not bind and can be properly "` operated. K ---•------- — —I r— Water level operation.To u� operate the water level ` properly,both ends of the system must be open to the atmosphere and there must rii'<ry'I4-14'- n i'r ni Bali i k—a' ='ii;'-`_.i•_ :".:-.• -: ..=` be approximately the same ll=ll�IL-1=R-ll= ll=ll-ll�ll=rl=•=11�11=ll -Jl =�Tl-n-n=n=n=n-n�=n=n=n=n-n-n=Il�r��''n=n-uun=n'-i�=ilui�ru amount of fluid in the tubing II Il'ra11=11=11=r1=Kalb IIk11�11�1-giffA11=11-144174717aI i IIGl=11=11 ��I�I-II-11=11=1r11 =T=11=n=11-�I-�I-11=11= II-II-�1=11=11 I I-11=111- -pn=nan .-n-r i 4i.n r.T..,F-=ii=iir` f=r=u=u-I,111r-1n=Il= at all times(within a few 11 111 11lifiIIIIKIy�111=111F111-IYIvi Ilalll lli=111 i givri11=111kI l.111 -p11=1111=0.TA1LTOT II=11=r-II-11=iing=11=11-tl4- inches). Il—l=ll=R= ll=JL ll�11=ll=ll=ll�JL=ll�l=ll=ll=1L=llF -n--=u n-1r41=—---—n----J=Elio= ��I I�—II—�111��11=__ _�—il�g 1 How to use a water level a. Position level.Position the level such that it can reach all piers. b. Place container.Place the container so that the fluid in the con- tainer is at the same level as the desired level of the top of the supports under the home,allowing for any bracing below the lev- el of the I-beams. c. Uncoil tubing.Uncoil the tubing and fill with fluid,taking care not to introduce bubbles into the hose. Never allow anything to crimp or crush the tubing so as to impede the free flow of fluid. d. Bleed air.Hold the valve below the level of the water container; open the valve to bleed out any air and close the valve. e. Establish height. Locate the tubing adjacent to a pier that is set to the desired final height.Position the valve above the pier and open the valve. Move the water container up or down to where the water level is at the desired final height of the pier.Maintain the water container in that position and close the valve. I f. Level piers.Move the tubing to the next pier.Hold the valve above the pier and open it.Set the pier height to the level of the water in the tubing and close the valve. Repeat this step until all piers are at the same level. Q 6. Complete the opposite side.Jack the other side of the section up and install n piers following the instructions above.At the completion of this step,the sec- qlion should be level from front to rear and from side to side. M 7. Install perimeter and marriage line piers.Install perimeter piers and for 2 O multi-section homes, marriage line piers.Position marriage line piers to pro- R- vide equal bearing for both mating sections. 8. Remove running gear.Remove and store,recycle or properly dispose of the hitch,axles,and wheels.These items are the property of the homeowner un- i- less other contractual arrangements have been made. } Is this a single-section home? 4 1 ► YES,go to Connect Utilities (p. 80) 4 to Complete Multi-Section Set,(p 1) �„rr',.*.�zn",rr%a,"ir�+�;:F�.,,rH,��,s?�`'.-v:?: .�.✓�y'°x'rr.�`��+a..�.��rr.�x,l�r�yvF,,.:na�vo-x.,nryrk,�`�r 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 40 ��., -li sion may be required during lifting. However,take care not to overextend the checklist relates to the roof, roof and damage the hinge. Raise the roof evenly in small increments, keep- then failure to do so may ing it level throughout the entire process to prevent racking. Do not allow roof- require future disassembly ing paper and shingles to get caught in the hinge crease. of the roof and further in- 4. Secure king posts.Position the hinged king posts atop the fixed king posts spections. or against the wooden stop(Figure 23).The king posts are hinged to the un- derside of the hinged-truss top chord.Position them as needed to level the roof,aligning each hinged king post with the king post directly beneath it,and 1 securing in place using straps,sheathing and fasteners as shown in Figure 1 24,Figure 25,Figure 26 and Table 15 and Table 16. Figure 23.Hinged Roof m f . i!„,- Truss(drawing is typical,ac- b tual configuration may vary) Swi n� hinged A post down Swing top Fixed chord up king post 'I Ridgebeam 1 1 Figure 24.Connection of Sir Tel.xt53,4-,ao-ane Hinged KingPost to Fixed ate°°�ba�at�Uea° 9 Oman Fasten taa,eeu rare KingPost postale,]It 6'r 112'r loge a�aam*e'G a Figure 25. Toe-Screw at lx A Plates • fe«aatal9 l Tee screw l (see table) l FVM am pxl l l Altercate strap 1 location I NIng pest 1 strap ya End View TABLE 15.HINGED ROOF KING POST STRAP SPECIFICATIONS Fastener Spacing 4 Type Size Wind Zone I Wind Zone II Wind Zone III 1-12'x6"x26 ZZ King post strap I gauge ' Every third rafter I Every rafter '.. Every rafter Z Staple into strap 7/16"x 1"x 16 6.each in each 6 each in each 6 each in each gauge end end end ...fn 0.E''y dO€ -- . A,C -1:-4c . J 1 TABLE 16. HINGED ROOF PLATE CONNECTION SPECIFICATIONS „ ?- a <L Fastener Number .. *). ZType _ __ •_�.• 7:12 max slope � `"3:31 C15 i it Toe-screw thru hinged king #8 screwood ( none 2 per knee brace 4 per knee brace p,� , .. .,r r. Connecting lx 8d x 2-1l2 2 rows at 7-112 2 rows at 7-1/2 in 2 rows at 5-1/2 In plates nail in 1l8/2016 11:39 AM 42 Y Figure 26.King Post and 7116"x 12"x 12"rated - Plate Connections sheathing fastened to Hinged ; plate with 2-rows of6 kin g post 8d nails every 3rd bay. king King postJP- S strap am Double 1xplate (see table for Fixed king connections) post A I � I I I Ridgeb ten 5. Ridge filler option. If the roof has a ridge filler to finish the roof peak as shown in Figure 27,care should be taken to insure that the hinged rafter de- rid sign can accommodate the additional loads imposed by the ge filler. Fas- ten ledger to hinged top chord as shown in Figure 28. Ridge filler section rafters are not required to align with main unit rafters. Wood filler shims up to 1 inch thick may be installed between ridge filler assembly and ledger to facili- tate proper fit but fastener lengths must be increased accordingly. Fasten ridge filler section together as shown in Figure 29. 111141111 Ridge Roof ridge Fasten roof sheathing within8'ofletlgalndge Figure27.RidgeFillerCp- membefs filler mleriomtwimr•xrx16 ga.orn,cx,va' lion for Hinged Roof x 16 ga.staples aim ax 1"o.c. Figure 28.Ridge Filler Ma Con- nection to Hinged Top Chord Mrt 8' Roof slre�hirg Roof ridge Hinged filler framing knee brace Fasten mine framing to 2x41ed ro fasten, ledger with#3 x 3"wood to hinged rop cMrO, screws or 131"da.x 3" nails at 12"o.a max.6. Roof sheathing. Fasten roof sheathing with 1"x 1-1/4"x 16 ga.or 7/16"x 1- 1l4"x 16 ga.staples at 6 inches maximum at panel edges and 12 inches max- imum at intermediate rafters. See Figure 28 for increased fastening on either side of joint if roof has the ridge filler option. Figure 29.Ridge Filler Sec- tion Connection N l a � t 3 .J1f.J *y Min.4-#3 x 3"waodnalis lyd v Mm.4 pax r"wom screws s(ridgm 4-.131"tlia. nrafteb lddgefille-) 4 -131"dm- 3•tela(Maa Mor) through section rafters(Vocal at each through section rafters(lypizl al earn side of the since) eac ltle of lhesbpe). a.1), sY`" . . I— ftt- i • 1/8/2016 11:59 AM 43 Coy 7 . 7. Redistribute Insulation.Before closing up the attic space check that the in- sulation has not shifted. Re-level the insulation if needed. 8. Install gable walls.Install the gable end walls for each home section as fol- .' o . lows(Figure 30): • Studs: Install minimum 1x3(flat)studs 16 inches o.c.and fasten to truss ig rrt I e top and bottom chords and diagonals with(2)7/16"x 2"x 16 ga.staples ,� ." or 6d nails and; ,''� 3310 , • Sheathing: Install sheathing or siding with 7/16"x 1-1/2"x 16 ga.staple 44, 13 or 6d nail at 6 inches o.c. At least two edges of each piece of sheathing must be supported by framing members. "�to,C'piA* , ir ;=F % • House wrap: Plant-supplied house wrap material must be installed over ' any rated sheathing underlayment as a weather-resistive barrier to pre- vent contact with any lap siding. Material may be secure with sufficient staples or tape to hold in place until exterior siding is applied. Figure 30.End Wall Com- 0f pletion Hinged lop chord tit rin set-up ppositon rAeril*,4/111 74 chord ._ Inspecting vents.Fuel fired Ill. i heating appliance and fire- /' place vents that pass Typical puffin �// � a � through a hinged roof must / A j be completed and inspect- ed at the site prior to ener- gizing the appliance or oc- �jl/ cupying the home. Failure • to comply with this precau- .11I �II�` Gable end sheathing tion may result in serious or siding injury or death.Venting \�If systems must be installed 1 x 3 min framing in conformance with the appliance manufacturer's instructions and any in- structions supplied with the home. 9. Install vents.Extend plumbing vents,exhaust fans,appliance vents,and fire- place stacks through the hinged portion of the roof in strict accordance with this manual(Prepare Appliances and Equipment,p.89)and/or supple- mental instructions provided by the home manufacturer. I STEP 4. REPAIR OR INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE GASKET Z i A continuous,non-porous gasket creating a permanent air barrier must be installed on r at least one side of the marriage line;along the floor,end walls and ceiling(along top r • or bottom of ridgebeam)and marriage lines for any tag units.The manufacturer has Z provided a marriage line gasket either installed on the home or shipped loose.If in- Installing marriage line O stalled,inspect the gasket and repair any gaps or tears. gasket. Special care should be taken to ensure 5 If not installed at the factory,install a continuous gasket between the home sections that the marriage line gas- .Z along the floor,end walls,and ceiling(Figure 31). ket is tight to resist air infil- I- tration and minimize con- For homes with through-the-rim crossover ducts, see supplemental details for the Z proper connection at the marriage line. densation. 11 1/8/2016 11:39 AM • 44 fi; • Figure 31. Marnage Line A __ Gasket Installation --- _ q— [ Marriage ',..,... �\ / line gasket Ridgebeam or filler chord Floor decking— ntenar panel f 2"max. 1"man.-0"min. 2"max. Section A-A Section B-B Section C-C • STEP 5. POSITION ADDITIONAL HOME SECTIONS Follow this procedure to install additional home sections: 1. Remove obstructions. Remove protruding nails and staples or anything else that will keep the home sections from fitting together snugly. If present,cut the temporary ceiling and floor plates at the edges of marriage line openings tak- @Mechanical posi- ing care not to damage ceiling or floor coverings or displace temporary mar- tioning system.For a pier- riage line support posts(these supports and the plates will be removed after I set home,a mechanical the home sections have been structurally connected). positioning system(such as 2. Complete crossovers.Before moving the two sections together,complete a roller system)will make any crossover connections that require access from the open marriage line, the process easier and saf- including the attic duct connection(if present)and marriage wall interior elec- er and be less likely to trical connections(see Connect Crossovers, p.59). damage the home. 3. Position section.Position the section as closely as possible(ideally within six inches)and line up with the previously set section. If using a mechanical positioning system or crane,follow the system manufacturer's instructions or the crane operator's directions. 4. Construct piers.With the outside walls of the home aligned,construct the Sealing gaps.Prior to corn- piers for the home section according to the instructions in Set the Home(p. pletion of the exterior close- 35)before continuing to the steps below. up,gaps that do not exceed one inch are permitted be- in 5. Level section.Lower the section onto the outside piers first, inside piers last. tween structural elements D Before releasing the mechanical positioning system,check interior doorways provided that the gaps are r and other openings for misalignments that may cause problems during trim- closed before completion of D out.The floors should be flush,level,and tight and the roof section should close-up,the home sec- have little,if any,gap at the top of the marriage line. Use at least two come-a- tions are in contact with 0 longs to pull the sections snugly together and use the water level or other mar- elinglev- device to set all piers and shims. each other,and the riage gasket provides a 3, 6. Shim gaps.Shim any gaps up to one inch between structural elements with proper seal. dimensional lumber. If any gaps exceed one inch,re-position the home to eliminate such gaps. P' • 1/8l2016 11:39 AM ----- - 45 STEP 6. CONNECT FLOORS • Make floor structural connections according to one of the methods described below. Patch bottom Method 1: Install toed fasteners through bottom board or floor decking board.Use adhesive Install fasteners at approximately a 45 degree angle(+/-5 degrees)from horizontal as spray,mastic,and/or diver- shown in Figure 32 using the fastener type,size,and spacing indicated on Table 17. gent staples in combination with bottom board tape for Install fasteners as indicated,making sure to repair any openings in the bottom board a more secure and durable with tape specially made for that purpose(may be provided). connection. TABLE 17. FLOOR CONNECTION FASTENING SPECIFICATIONS Fastener Spacing Type Size Wind Zone I Wind Zone II Wind Zone III • 36 in. 20 in, 16 in. *Increase fastener lengths by 3 inches for double rim joists. I I Figure 32.Floor connection Marnage Lne - i through bottom board or floor I decking 1 Hoar Deckng Rill Jos iFastener 1 I Gas i Stagger fasteners on either side of marriage line and offset them by half the spacing • distance(Figure 33). —Fastener Location Figure 33. Staggered offset -Marriage Line fastening along marriage line drA Spacng / /Hag Ar /Spxng From , Table Lag specification.3/8" Spacing diameter lags used to / + From connect pressure-treated Spacng Table From lumber(ie connecting porch Table rim joists)shall be hot- Spacing -J HaM From dipped galvanized. Lags ZD Spacing / • -cable that are'/"or larger diameter are not required to < be hot-dipped galvanized. Z Method 2:Install horizontal fasteners through rim joist O Insert 3/8"x 3"lag screws spaced per Table 18 horizontally though rim joists and stag- Ofisa�r, i- v..S+:. 7rr, gered top to bottom as in Figure 34.After installation of fasteners,repair tears or holes • _, A.C `y,. in the bottom board using tape specially made for that purpose. k. 7 / , (.1) TABLE 18.HORIZONTAL RIM JOIST FASTENER SPACING ( w Z ' 3'110 f Wind Zone I Wind Zone 11 I Wind Zone Ill ,, - * 11 18in. " 10in. 8in. -sr, 46 1/8/2016 11:39 AM III {4 ' M<„ roc. a�11 IIN • j Figure 34.Horizontal fas- Marrage Line teners through rim joists ;i Floor — !7I---Fastener Deckug Rim Joists Along Marriage Marriage Line Line Gasket ilit '.. Fastener '..,. Staggered At Next Spacing Interval STEP 7. CONNECT ROOF If the marriage line along the roof is not snug, position jacks every 20 feet or less along V I Airier the outside I-beam and uniformly lift the section until the roof area is tight. Check to make sure the ceiling joint is flush before installing the connections. If not, j Closing the roof gap.Level use a jack and tee to raise whichever ceiling is low,starting at the front and working to ! and fasten the marriage the rear of the home. Fasten the roof along the marriage line using one of the methods line joint at the floor before below for either double or triple-section homes. jacking to tighten a roof DOUBLE-SECTION HOMES gap.Close up any gaps with shims. DO NOT use Make roof structural connections in double-section homes according to the one of the roof fasteners to close any methods described below. s gaps.Separation of the j ridge beams and trusses Method 1:Install toed fasteners through roof sheathing Install the fasteners through the roof deck into the ridge beams or filler chords at an may occur. approximately 45 degree angle(+1-5 degrees)from horizontal(Figure 35)according to j Ridgebeam type. It is im- the fastener spacing and specifications in Table 19. Stagger fasteners on each side of j portant to use the correct marriage line and offset them by half the spacing distance(Figure 33).Spacing indi- fastening method depend- 0 cated is on-center,both sides of ridge. Make sure fasteners penetrate the ridge beam/ rig on the ridgebeam type. filler chords by a minimum of 1-1/2 inches both sides of ridge. For homes with TJI i ridgebeam next to the roof peak,see Method 2 instead. If the TJI ridgebeam is located Use of Method 1 with a TJIridgebeam can cause struc- lower in the attic cavity and filler chords are at the peak,then Method 1 may still be tural damage to the beam. used. / Figure 35. Toed fasteners j through roof sheathing F ` r.\ Root 1 hrz+x. aleatl1ng- ,Y • ...... i t ,• i 'tee Ridge Beam i4tTTht9: 2 TABLE 19. ROOF CONNECTIONS SPECIFICATIONS —I i rt c I' Type Size Wind Zone I Wind Zone II - :', A , a Fastenersin 1' x�r$ x 6 3 in.for 14-wide 20 In 16 in_ ,, `.%`. O La screw go: ' 1-1/4' x 16 � 3�105 g max.or 2 @ 2-1/2 6 m. 6 in, , roof cap gauge staples * D for 16-wide max. E I • 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 47 e • Select metal caps made of minimum 8"x 32 ga.galvanized steel or 0.019" aluminum. FAOF/Ner.Arge; • Install caps continuously,overlapping by minimum of four inches at splices. • • Fasten caps with galvanized staples on both sides of ridge according to the Installing lags.If lags are specifications and spacing in Table 19. used to connect roofs,use h- Method 2: Install straps over roof sheathing ers,appropriatelyunr sizedthe fwasten- If ers,countersink fe the home is built with a TJI ridgebeam at the peak of the roof,straps must be used to er heads and fill the coun- secure the roof sections together rather than lag bolts.The straps will already be in- tersink holes with putty or stalled at the factory at the spacing shown in Table 20 and Figure 36. If the straps caulk to prevent shingles were not installed or if they are damaged see Table 20 for specified size and spacing from sinking into the holes of the straps.The straps need not be galvanized. over time. For factory-installed straps bend the straps up before the sections are placed together. After sections are in final position,bend the straps back down on top of the roof sheath- ing and secure the ends of the strap as shown in Table 20. TABLE 20. ROOF MATING LINE STRAPS Fastener Number(each end of strap) Type Size Wind Zone I" Wind Zone II Wind Zone III Straps 1-1/2�widdeex26 481n 24in 161n Staples 1/2' x(16 gauge 6 each 6 each 4 each Nails 0.082"x 1-1/2" 9 each f 9 each 7 each *Special eave tie-down connections have been installed at the factory that permit most Wind Zone I homes to be installed without the straps and anchors at the marriage line (i.e."G-straps)that are typically required to resist uplift. • Figure 36.Roof Strapping Underlayment for TJI Ridgebeam ��* Lei liii Roof sheathing z M Rafter king post of I P. 0 Ridge beam e` 1I web a, l k ;` 4 i x3310+ - ;w`ii,'vhV�� -2 E 1f8/2016 11:39 AM • 48 1 >'jX'sr ection Set TRIPLE-SECTION HOMES For triple-section homes where roof lines run parallel to each other on adjacent units (Figure 38),follow the instructions in the appropriate method below to complete the connections at the roof. Method 1: Install fasteners through pre-installed sheathing For homes where sheathing is in place on both sides of the marriage line(Figure 37) ' install fasteners from the low side of the roof on an angle so as to penetrate roof beams or filler chords on both sides of marriage line, using the fastener specifications and spacing indicated on Table 21. For homes with TJI ridgebeam next to the roof sheath- , ing,see Method 2 instead. If the TJI ridgebeam is located lower in the attic cavity and filler chords are at the sheathing,then Method 1 may still be used. Center Section Outer Section Figure 37.Triple-section roof , connection Method 1 Factory-Installed UnderlaymeM Factory-Installed / Shingles •07 Field-Installed Shingles Factory-Instilled I Shingles Asphalt Roofing Cement Between Layers of Underlayment Min 6'Wide i 4 � { • i—M1� Metal(Optional) Fastener Figure 38.Triple-section Marriage f—L,� home I Ridge ELire I Marriage Lhe Plan Elevation TABLE 21.ROOF CONNECTION SPECIFICATIONS Fastener Spacing I Type Size Wind Zone I Wind Zone II Wind Zone III I Lag screw 3/8"x 6' 12 in. 6 in. , 6 in. IE Ifs Fasteners in 1"x 1-1/4'x 16 i—I roof cap . gauge staples 6 in. 6 in. 6 in. jp, v ' I> Install a roof cap as follows: I i t 0. � O • Select metal caps made of minimum 8"x 32 ga galvanized steel or 0.019" ++ ''ill'''''' aluminum. * .. 31'. *j • Install caps continuously,overlapping by minimum of four inches at splices. f C • Fasten caps with galvanized staples both sides of ridge according to the d'''' .0 A'tI;. , r- specification and spacing in Table 21. °;.�'rr t', (-:..- 1 • — — 118t2018 11:39 AM 49 Method 2: Install straps over roof sheathing If home is built with a TJI ridgebeam,roof straps must be used to secure the roof sec- tions together at the marriage line rather than lag bolts. The straps will already be in- stalled at the factory at the spacing shown in Table 22 and Figure 39. If the straps were not installed or if they are damaged,see Table 22 for specified size and spacing of the straps. The straps need not be galvanized. For factory-installed straps, bend the straps up before the sections area placed togeth- er. After sections are in final position,bend the straps back down on top of the roof { sheathing and secure the ends of the strap as shown in Table 22. ( TABLE 22.ROOF MATING LINE STRAPS Fastener Number(each end of strap) Type Size Wind Zone 1* Wind Zone II Wind Zone III Straps 1-1/2"wide x 26 48 in 24 in 16 in gauge Stap'.es 7/16"(or Y')x 1- 6 each 6 each 4 each 1/2'x 16 gauge Nails 0.082"x 1-1/2" 9 each 9 each 7 each Complete the marriage line by installing the roof cap in a similar method to that shown for the Double-Section homes in Table 19. Figure 39. Triple-section roof Roof cap Underlayment connection(method 2) • AR undedayment location si Bend up straps(one end of Rafter king strap applied at factory). post Ridgebeam web J STEP 8. CONNECT WALLS oOnce the home is secured along the marriage line floor and roof,secure end walls,in- Z tenor doorways,and marriage line partitions according to the appropriate method de- 2 scribed below: Z 0 END WALLS 1— Install toed fasteners through sheathing n.0k-E 3 Toe fasteners through sheathing from the exterior at an approximately 45 degree angle f 'V'' (+/-5 degrees)(Figure 40)according to the fastener specifications and spacing re- I i4s ' quirements in Table 23. ./ y � f . ` • 3:1tt iic 5 8 t1444' 1 l 1i8/2416 11:39AM • 50 • , , „:4....45:3,44ta , , tetivv- ,tiv,,,,,,y4,,v,- Gasket Figure 40.End wall connec- Wall Studs .::4 - ton toed through sheathing till Eateror Siding pr or Exterior Siding i Underlayment / I ' ._. Fastener TABLE 23. END WALL FASTENER SPECIFICATIONS Fastener type Size Spacing Lag screw with washer 5/16' x 5' 24 in.c.c. Wood screw -- -- #8 x 4" 24 in.a.c. --- Nail 16d 8 in.o-c. MARRIAGE WALL COLUMNS,OPENINGS AND INTERIOR PARTITIONS Make connections inside the home along the marriage walls(Figure 41 and Figure 42) by installing fasteners according to the specifications and spacing requirements in Ta- ble 24.Toe screw 2 x 4 or 2 x 6 studs;through-screw 2 x 3 studs. Interior Wat Figure 41.Marriage wail ""t connections .rriage NAM Manage wa6 Pert Shelf Wal Covering Mete Oaurs App4ed At III � ,, / ,r Manutactudrg ' .'. y" Featlly jll Fakers i i Ir/I Ia6enem t 11 ,t askrers opuoneY FMtl Applied Gyp Board Nat Less Then 24"Nor Larger i Than 4a'.Fasten Per totes i Fasteners j lr Figure 42.Marriage line col- umn to 1 Manage lino NI 9oppod Posts ir- TABLE 24. MARRIAGE WALL CONNECTION SPECIFICATIONS �. y .. . , . ;� Fastener type Size Spacing ' yar" I C' ( i� " '' z Wood screw #8 x 4 96in o.c - !� v , "e.33-105 11 7' z C BE cC'Tfe:"CBE f • 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 51 11=" .n 41111. gtikszB' r`yt� '(t not kIl u .- .:i .r,.0 ., . Y :L . :: i6 MOMPI ,,go .A1TA : ' STEP 9. ATTACH TAG UNITS After the main unit has been set on its foundation, install all tagunits accordingto therArliNVArArA following procedure: • 1. Position and block the tag.Position the tag unit as close to the main unit as Piers under tag units. possible at its intended location. Use a hitch jack to obtain approximate level- Some tag units have spe- ing and install pier supports according to Set the Home,STEP 2.POSITION cial piering needs due to HOME SECTION(p.35). Determine whether the tag and main unit floors are the roof and/or floor con- designed to line up flush or are offset by a step and adjust the tag pier heights struction.These will be de- accordingly. tailed in supplemental pier- 2. Level the unit.Using a water level(p.40),verify that the piers are level.The ing plans supplied with the elevation of all points along the lower flange of the I-beam should be within home. Note that tag unit 1/4 inch of level between any adjacent piers or any eight foot distance,which- end walls are typically load ever is less. bearing rather than side 3. Shim gaps. Shim any gaps up to one inch between structural elements of the walls. • tag and main unit with dimensional lumber. If any gaps exceed one inch,re- position the tag to eliminate such gaps. Max. 1/4"lauan shims may be used to align the top chords of the main unit dormer and the tag. 4. Connect floors.After confirming that the floor of the tag unit is level with the main unit floor,connect the floors together as described in STEP 6.CON- NECT FLOORS(p.46). 5. Connect walls.Secure the tag unit walls to the main unit sidewall using#8 x 4"screws at 12 inches o.c.(see Figure 43).The sheathing shown in the detail may not be included by the manufacturer. If included,the sheathing over the last stud bay was tacked in place at the factory for easy removal at the site. Once the wall connections are complete,re-install the sheathing and complete the siding installation. SMenrMi Stuns Faa� Figure 43. Tag unit wall (MalnUnq 9 9 sheair s etl aa� connection 0 - ; - it9 UM) Z1 i�. Main UN )j�� 1 S a C fik 1 �� r..331;)5 SON �.�h i� 6�nny,,Y 109 UY .Pt F "y115*j0Vt�Cv- 6. Connect roofs. For flush roof conditions,connect the tag unit rafter top chord n=PYitt4t t to the main unit dormer face frame using#8 x 3-1/2"screws at 24"o.c.as I I 1/8/2016 11:39 52 shown in Figure 44. Roof connections with an offset do not require screws. Mam aaa ag mt Figure 44. Tag Unit Roof Connections — -a 1"max. 2 X 3 Blocking m7,771 gtg Y v� optional Leuen shlm 18 X 3 at 2 wood > screws at 24'o,c , I� } st p MaX.,"shim * 33105 a s#8c X 31/2"wood screws at 24"oc. Tag Man unit tlremer milers face Game i ,,.��"f'L i a i$4'`�• STEP 10. REMOVE TEMPORARY ITEMS Once the home is properly supported and the marriage line connections are completed, remove the temporary ridge beam supports and wall/ceiling plates used to brace the ridge beam during shipment.Take care not to damage the ceiling. Remove and store or properly dispose of or recycle the hitch,axles,and wheels.These items are the property of the homeowner unless other contractual arrangements have been made. , `;;;"f,✓�i„r �a r^ .� � % ' '�^�f9/r:Ta�„„: °.?�'2'Nr3 ��xr�Fr, �?#r��^+'��`,Fi'at!� ;'r , is the home supported on a load-bearing perimeter wall? ► YES,go to STEP 11. FASTEN HOME TO FOUNDATION,(p. 53) ► NO, go to Complete Roof and Exterior Walls(p 54). STEP 11. FASTEN HOME TO FOUNDATION Fasten the home to the foundation(typically to the sill plate)according to the fastening rz. t schedule provided by the manufacturer. When to backfill. Backfill Is the home supported on a basement foundation'? against basement walls on- , ly after the home is con- lb YES,go to STEP 12.BACKFILL AND GRADE, (p. 53) netted to the foundation or ► NO, go to Roof and Exterior Walls(p. 54). the basement walls may Complete, deflect inward or collapse. Cutting the chassis.Do not STEP 12. BACKFILL AND GRADE cut,notch,bend,or alter in Backfill against the foundation wall to the height of the waterproofing,taking care to not any manner beams,cross- damage the drainage system. members,and other parts • of the steel chassis. Grade the site as described in Prepare the Site,STEP 3.CLEAR AND GRADE THE SITE(p.15). ca I � STEP 13, BUILD STAIRS r- I r- Construct the basement stairs in compliance with the local building code.Take care that adequate headroom is maintained under beams and that there is sufficient landing space at the bottom of the stairs. € ' `J "f�. y `r,r"gF°r,? %',?`x„ L",,,.,%.,'ry %,xfi!�.G�v`'" ,a- : : and Exterior Walls (p, �' 1/8/2016 11:39 AM Complete Roof f and Exterior W Complete Roof and Exterior Walls This chapter covers closing up and weatherproofing the home by completing the roofing and siding. ., STEP 1.COMPLETE ROOF(p.54) STEP 2.COMPLETE TAG UNIT ROOF(p.56) w STEP 3.COMPLETE SIDE WALLS(p.58) STEP 1. COMPLETE ROOF RIDGE CLOSEUP For multi-section homes,the first step in completing the exterior is sealing the roof along the ridge line(Figure 45). For homes with asphalt shingles,follow the procedure below. For homes with metal or other roofing materials,follow the instructions that come with the roofing materials or provided as a supplement to this manual. Cap Shingle •Underlayment Figure 45.Shingle installa- tion at ridge Metal-32 Gauge rz sn�9i�l�taledik, Weatherproofing.It is vital- ly important to close up the Factory Installed home quickly to protect the Shingles Underlayment interior from damage due to inclement weather. Roof Deck 1 Install underlayment(when sheathing at the ridge is installed on site).Make Removing shipping pro- sure the roof sheathing is already installed(see Complete Multi-Section Set, tection.Remove shipping STEP 7.CONNECT ROOF,p.47). Install 15#felt or equivalent continuously protection from the roof along the length of the ridge,covering all exposed sheathing and overlapping prior to completing the sheathing joints by at least five inches on each side.Fasten using 1"x 1"x 16 roofing. ga galvanized staples.For Wind Zones II and III,also apply a six inch wide strip of roofing cement along each side of ridge under the underlayment. = 2. Install shingles. If shingles have been left off at the ridge line for site installa- z tion, install them now using 1"x 1"x 16 ga galvanized staples or 12ga 1-1/4" < long,3/8"diameter head roof nails.For Wind Zone I,fasten at 5/8 inch above each tab cutout slot and one at each end of the shingle one inch in from the edge(four fasteners for a three-tab shingle)(Figure 46). For Wind Zones II and III,use two fasteners 5/8 inch above and on either side of the tab slots and one at each end of the shingle one inch in from the edge(six fasteners for a three- tab shingle). Do not fasten through the shingle tar line. f36'9inge i 36'St]Ingle _ Figure 46.Shingle fastener ? T locations for Wind Zone I (left)and Wind Zones II and ■ x 12"x • •x x -x x- x 12^ 111(right). I It Fastener Locations 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 54 3. Install underlayment Install 15#felt or equivalent underlayment that is at least 10 inches wide continuously along the ridge. Fasten with 1"x 1"x 16 ga galvanized staples.For Wind Zones II and III,also apply a six inch wide strip of FAirii Arz roofing cement on both sides of the ridge under the underlayment. 4. Install shingle cap.Startingat the opposite end of the home from the prevail-9 pp Installing a ridge vent.If a ing wind,install ridge cap shingles provided by the manufacturer or use 12"x i ridge vent is to be installed, 12"shingles(36"shingles cut into three equal pieces)(Figure 47). Install using follow the ridge vent manu- 1"x 1"x 16 ga galvanized staples or 12 ga 1-1/4"long,318"diameter head roof- ; facturer's instructions pro- ing nails spaced 5-5/8 inches from bottom edge and 1/2 inch to 1-1/2 inches in '• vided with the material or from both edges.Cover the exposed fasteners with tar or cement. as an addendum to this manual in lieu of under- layment over ridge line and shingle cap. Cut shingle Into three pieces Figure 47.Shingle cut into as shown by dotted line thirds 1 1 : 1 1 2 ! 3 HINGE ROOF CLOSE-UP For homes with hinged roofs,complete roofing underlayment and shingles along the hinge line(Figure 48)as follows: 1. Install underlayment.Attach the underlayment to the roof deck with a mini- mum of six-inch wide strip of cement. If necessary,trim the underlayment to al- low the lowest shingle above the hinge of the roof to seal to the topmost shingle on the lower portion of the roof. Figure 48.Shingle installa- tion at hinge line { Site Install Shingles In Hinged Area Per [ The Instructions On The Shingle Package Shipped Loose with The Home. I'''. ' �t`.� e<� After Roof Is In The Rased Poston, O� Trim The Shingle UndertayrnenlTo / Installing metal Allow The Shinge Of The Upper flashing. Install optional Roof Section To Seal Onto The Last metal flashing over the roof Shingle Of The Lower Roof Section. decking before applying ""ge roofing cement. Fold back arc9' kli the underlayment and fas- ` e ten 30 ga x 4"wide mini- 4 mum galvanized metal with Asphalt Rooting Cement Underhyment Between Layers roofing nails or 16 ga x 1" • Underlayment Minumum crown x 1-1/4"staples. 6'Wide Space fasteners four inch- 2. Install shingles.Install missing shingles according to the shingle manufactur- es o.c.or less near the er's instructions. edge of the metal.Overlap the metal by at least two COMPLETE TRIPLE-SECTION ROOFS inches at joints. 1— ,Z Complete roofing along triple-section home marriage lines according to one of the fol- 40 lowing methods based on the construction of the home. € r Method 1:Manufacturer-installed sheathing i D 1. Fill Gaps. The gap in the sheathing at the hinge may need to be filled.A gap I -i of 1/4 inch or less needs not be filled.Gaps up to 1/2 inch shall be filled by 2"x j 0 Z 32 gauge metal flashing over the length of the gap.Gaps up to 1-1/2 inch shall be filled with 8"x 30 gauge metal flashing over the gap. Fasten the flashing to E the sheathing using 1"x 1"x 16 gauge or 7/16"x 1"x 16 gauge staples at 4 a inch along each edge of the flashing. C 2. Install underlayment.Fold down the underlayment of the outer section roof r- and apply a minimum six-inch wide strip of roofing cement to the sheathing. 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 55 ii k waxv tl r Lay the underlayment of the center section on top of the cement(see Best Practice tip for optional metal flashing). Fold down the center section roof un- derlayment on this cement. 3. Install shingles.Install missing row(s)of shingles,securing them per the shin- gle manufacturer's installation instructions(refer to the shingle wrapper). Center Sedum outer Secfian Figure 49. Triple-section roof connection Method 1 Factory-Installed Untletlaymerrt Factory-Installed Snrgles Field-Installed Shingles Factory-Installed Shingles Asphalt Roofing Cement Between Layers of Underlayment Min6'Nhtle • t ago Metal(Optional) Pastels Method 2:Field-installed sheathing 1. Install underlayment.Fold down the underlayment of the outer section roof and fold up the underlayment on the center section roof.Apply to the lower roof underlayment a minimum six-inch wide strip of roofing cement centered on the sheathing joint.Cover with the shipped loose underlayment.Apply another min- imum six-inch wide strip of roofing cement to the ship loose underlayment cen- tered on the upper roof sheathing joint. 2. Install shingles.Install missing row(s)of shingles per the shingle manufactur- er's installation instructions(refer to the shingle wrapper). Factory-InstatedFigure 50. Triple-section Shingles roof connection Method 2 Field-Instated Fen-Installed Underleyment Shingles Field-Installed Asphalt Roofing Cement Shealhng Between Layers of Underleymeyme Mn.6'Wee.. J Factory-Installed Facory-Inseletl Shingles Underlayment Z QFactory-Instated Shear hng Factory-Installed Nailer CO 41 STEP 2. COMPLETE TAG UNIT ROOF If the home has a tag unit,complete roofing for this unit now.The process for completing 1 the roof is different for flush and offset roofs. Follow the instructions in the appropriate 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 56 section below. FLUSH ROOFS For flush roofs,complete roofing along the marriage line and at the valley line as follows (see Figure 51): / Shingle Underlayment Figure 51. Tag unit flush Install Flashing(Or Additional Layer Of roof connection Underlayment)Flat Over Joint Fastener Tag Unit Main Unit Marriage line Method 1: Install metal flashing(minimum 30 ga x minimum 6"wide)over the joint between the main roof dormer and tag unit roof.Secure the flashing to the roof decks on both dormer and tag unit roofs with roofing nails or 16 ga staples with a one inch crown and long enough to fully penetrate the roof decks.Space fasteners maximum two inches o.c.near the edge of the flashing.Overlap seams in the metal by at least two inches.After flashing is complete,install shingles per shingle manu- facturer instructions and ridge cap/vent according to STEP 1.COMPLETE ROOF (p.54). Method 2: Install two layers of roofing underlayment or equivalent over the joint be- tween the main roof dormer and tag unit roof lapping the factory installed underlay- merit a minimum of six inches on each side and fully cemented at the laps. Install shingles per shingle manufacturer instructions and ridge cap/vent according to STEP 1.COMPLETE ROOF(p.54). Valley line Along the bottom of the valley,shingles and one or more layers of roll roofing may need to be installed.If fastened to the roof at the factory,unroll the roofing,overlap the tag roof and trim the roofing to the roof edge. If shipped loose, install the roll roofing at the valley, lapping it under the factory installed roll roofing a minimum of 12 inches and fully )11 cement the roofing at the lap.Complete shingles at the valley either by interweaving them or by trimming back approximately four inches from the valley line and fully ce- menting the exposed shingle edges. 2 OFFSET ROOFS CA If there is a gap between the main unit dormer overhang and the tag unit roof,bend up D the inside corner trim at the dormer overhang and main unit sidewall,fold up the factory r installed flashing on the tag unit roof,fold the inside corner trim back down,and secure > into dormer wall with metal screws(Figure 52). z E A z C r 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 57 , a� oof Walls Figure 52. Tag unit offset Shingles roof connection Metal Fascia Roof Decking Main Unit -Shingles Metal Flashing (Or Top Course Roof Decking Of Vinyl Siding) Tag Unit afm r ld r ti ( STEP 3. COMPLETE SIDE WALLS Siding necessary to complete the exterior has been provided with the home. Follow theFrhrfrif AeArd0FA siding manufacturer's instructions(found on or with the packaging or as an addendum to this manual)and to complete the exterior siding as follows: Covering the HUD label. 1. Remove shipping protection.Remove temporary shipping protection from Do not cover the HUD la- walls. bel on the exterior of the 2. Complete crossovers.Complete any crossover connections in the walls,in- home. cluding:electrical,stereo speaker,doorbell,telephone,and intercom wires. Removing shipping pro- 3. Install siding.Fasten siding only at stud locations,avoiding electrical wires tection.Remove tempo- % that are present in the walls. rary shipping protection 4. Install close-up of strips.If siding has been installed on the end walls at the from walls before installing factory,fasten close-up strips securely along both edges and seal the edges sidingm ao serious moisture with a waterproof sealant. damage may result. 5. Install trim.Install any matching trim required to complete the installation. 6. Seal penetrations.With a waterproof sealant,seal any penetrations in the sid- ing that may have been caused by temporary shipping protection. IMPORTANT: Where a porch meets the exterior wall of an adjacent section or where a 4' porch extends across multiple sections of a home,it may be necessary to install weath er resistive materials,such as fleshings or sealants,to protect exterior coverings and Z resist the infiltration of air or water. Methods and materials used to be in accordance with local building codes and meet the requirements of the LAHJ. ► go to Connect Crossovers(p 59). J 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 58 CAIVESMAC-onnect rs Connect Crossovers This chapter covers crossover connections between units of multi-section homes,including ducts and electrical,water, waste,gas,telephone,and cable TV connections. • STEP 1.CONNECT DUCTS(p.59) • STEP 2.CONNECT ELECTRICAL CROSSOVERS(p.61) • STEP 3.INSTALL ELECTRICAL BONDING(p.62) • STEP 4.CONNECT WATER LINES(p.63) • STEP 5.CONNECT DRAIN,WASTE,AND VENT LINES(p.63) • STEP 6.CONNECT GAS LINES(p.65) • STEP 7.CONNECT TELEPHONE AND CABLE TV WIRING(p.65) STEP I. CONNECT DUCTS There are three main types of duct crossover connections. Based on the location of the duct,follow the installation steps on the page indicated below: riN9 74,4 • Under the floor(p.59). Qualified personnel. Use • In the roof cavity(See supplemental details). only qualified personnel to • In floor,through-the-rim joist(See supplemental details). make crossover connec- tions.Consult the LAHJ for To prevent air leakage,seal all ductwork connections, including duct collars using one licensing or any additional or more of the following materials: crossover connection re- • Galvanized metal straps in combination with galvanized sheet metal screws. quirements. For rigid air ducts and connectors,tape and mastics listed to UL 181A. Access for service.When- • ever possible maintain ac- • For flexible air ducts and connectors,tape and mastics listed to UL 181 B. cess to connection areas for future maintenance. UNDER FLOOR FLEXIBLE CROSSOVER DUCT When heating or cooling equipment is installed in the home,the flexible crossover duct Make tight connections. is provided by the manufacturer. In all cases the crossover duct must be listed for exte- Permanent,durable,and nor use. The duct must be suspended or supported above the ground by straps or tight crossover duct con- other means that are spaced at a maximum distance not to exceed 4'-0"or as other- nections are critical to the wise permitted by the installation instructions. proper performance of the home. Leaky ducts can re- There are four common configurations of under floor crossover ducts depending on the suit in severe moisture number of home sections and the furnace/air handler location.See Table 25 to locate ( problems in the home,dis- the appropriate figure. ; comfort from rooms not re- TABLE 25.UNDER FLOOR DUCT CONFIGURATIONS • ceiving the proper amount of conditioned air,and high '... Furnace location Two home sections Three home sections utility bills from wasted Furnace over trunk duct See Figure 53 See Figure 55 heating and/or cooling en- ergy. i A '.. Furnace offset from trunk duct See Figure 54 See Figure 56 -1 O • I � 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 59 ti Furnace lAir Figure 53.Furnace over trunk A Section III Handler B SectionL tons duc(; two home sec- . k7MI1dL Floor L----- Heat Dud Tap-Out Collar Field-Installed Flex Flex Dud Duct Support Straps Furnace/Air Figure 54.Furnace offset d A Section HMI B section from trunk duct, two home FK sections Floor P Heat Duc Tap-Out Collar Field-Installed Flex Duct Flex Duct SupportStaps "V"-Box Under Furnace Furnace I Ar Figure 55.Furnace over angle trunk duct,three home sec- s A Section MI B Section C SectionI. lions t Floor Heat Du Tap Out Collar NU-Installed Flex Dud Flex Dud Support Steps "V-Box Under Furnace Figure 56.Furnace offset Furnace/Air from trunk duct, three home A Section B Section Handler C section sections CM It Heat Duct TwOut Cola Field-Installed Flex Duct Tap-Out Collar "V"-Box Under Furnace Flex Duct Support Straps YConneclor For under floor flexible crossover ducts follow the steps below: 1. Locate collars.Locate the metal crossover collars(or V-box)connected to the main trunk duct(or furnace)under the home and remove temporary ship- ping protection. Securing the 2. Install inner duct.Slide the crossover duct inner liner over the crossover col- crossover.Between Step IarN-box as far as it will go.Temporarily fasten the inner liner in place with 5 and Step 6,drill three or duct tape.Install a large nylon zip-tie over the inner liner just above the"ridge" more 1/16 inch holes an around the crossover collarN-box.Apply mastic completely over inner liner equal distance around and 1 and collarN-box(alternately,the mastic may be applied to the collarN-box just below the bottom edge n prior to sliding the duct inner liner over it). of the nylon zip-tie.Install Z 3. Connect duct insulation.Bring the duct insulation up over the zip-tie and #12 pan head screws in 2 above the home's bottom board into the floor cavity.Temporarily duct tape it these holes,through the flexible duct and into the Z j against the base of the trunk ductN-box.Z metal crossover collarN- 1- j 4. Pull duct wrap. Pull the crossover duct outer wrap over the top of the insula- box.The screw heads 4J tion and temporarily secure it to the trunk duct/-box with duct tape. should be against the zip- 5. Install zip-tie.Feel for the nylon zip-tie that was installed over the inner liner. tie. i- Place another nylon zip-tie just under the first one to permanently secure the Z crossover duct insulation and outer wrap. P:101 rii•cc el'AO rirA 4 6. Trim duct.Trim the crossover duct to length such that the installed duct will be straight with no kinks or unnecessary bends. 7. Connect other end.Follow the same procedure(steps 1 through 5)to con- nect the opposite end of the crossover duct and any other crossover ducts. Completely cover all ex- posed metal connectors 8. Seal joints.Seal the joints between the bottom board and the crossover duct with insulation.Apply seal- ; L_ 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 60 with foam or mastic. ants and tapes only to sur- 9. Support duct.Support the crossover duct(s)above the ground using nylon or faces that are dry and free galvanized metal straps and saddles or by other means that are spaced every l of dust,dirt,and grease. 48 inches o.c.or less.Choose straps at least 1/2 inch wider than the spacing ! Avoid ground contact.In- of the metal spirals encasing the crossover duct. Install the straps so they j stalled crossover ducts cannot slip between spirals.Secure metal straps with galvanized screws. must not be in contact with the ground. { Unobstructed airflow.Ex- cess length,kinks and bends in the crossover duct will restrict airflow and de- j grade the home's HVAC j system performance. STEP 2. CONNECT ELECTRICAL CROSSOVERS Multi-section homes may have one or more electrical crossovers located in the wall(s) and/or floor(s)along the marriage line(s). j • JOINING WIRES Use qualified electricians. Two types of connections may be present at these locations—snap connectors and All electrical work must be junction boxes. Identify matching circuits if multiple circuits exist at a single crossover performed by a qualified location.These will be coded for identification.Connect snap connectors according to electrician and comply with the connector manufacturer's installation instructions,including fastener requirements. j the 2005 NEC. Disconnect power.Turn off Connect wires in junction boxes as follows(Figure 57): power to the home before Pull wires. Pull circuit wires into the junction box, sliding them through a romex con- making connections. nector and secure snugly.(Figure 57)Do not over-tighten. Proper use of GFCI cir- 1. Strip wires.Remove the outer jacket that holds the circuit wires together cuits.Ensure Ground Fault providing a minimum of four inches of free wire in the box. i Circuit Interrupted(GFCI) 2. Connect wires.Connect wires together matching like colors,using appropri- circuits are connected to ately sized wire nuts.Use the ground wire to ground the junction box and/or i the proper GFCI protected cover plate(s),if metal.Junction boxes may contain single or multiple 15 or i circuits from the power 20-amp circuits,or a single 240-volt appliance circuit. supply. 3. Replace cover.Reposition the junction box cover and secure using machine (not sheet metal)screws. j Figure 57. Types of junction box wiring connections .pawed pie Ownedos Connotes Appoved Cennecba �y■■]■■■ I.' Web 4 , lL�`" W WIN ApprovedP NetilBu� Zvi-.- Gro. muU �I�.\WN R-_ Bbck rA'r�9 I A •, Whb Groped ouM 4, Oro i Ground BBc eL : � 3 L �Cbnps Per Type F r'"'"d r eir. � Bar Used(ryapeQ �� R o and Lug'Metal Bares OW \--Giornd Lug Meta a axes Only) wind wg Me<N Boxes Orley) Single 15 or 20 AM'Cicur Double 15 or 20 AAUP Crcuba 240V Appliance Cihcut Z FLOOR CROSSOVER D When making electrical connection(s)in the floor,use the wiring method described be- p, low: s -i 1. Access wires.Find the crossover location(s)and remove the access panel(s) Using snap connectors.Do if attached. If access panel openings are not provided,cut through bottom not use oversized nails or board to expose the wiring(Figure 58). drive nail heads into snap y. 2. Route wires.Pass the wires through predrilled holes or notches in the rim connectors.Some con- Z joist or if there is a single bumped-out access panel as in Figure 59,then un- Hectors are designed for y der the rim joists. If holes or notches have not been provided and there is no one-time use only-spew connector must be used if 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 61 f bumped-out access panel,drill maximum one-inch diameter hole(s)half-way they become separated. up the rim joists on each home section,making sure the holes align and feed Protect cables.Cover all the wire through the hole. cables with conduit or other 3. Connect wires.Connect wires via a junction box or snap-connector(s)as de- suitable weather-resistant scribed above. and protective material. 4. Secure wires.Secure wires with staples to adjacent joists or studs within eight inches of junction box or snap-connector(s). '•, 5. Install smash plates.For notched perimeter joists,install steel wire protec- tors(smash plates). 6. Seal bottom board.Replace insulation and re-install access panels and/or seal the bottom board with tape specially made for that purpose(may be pro- vided).The access panel(s)may be temporarily installed near the crossover location or shipped loose with the home. Gasket Figure 58.Electrical crosso- ver floor wires with flush ac- i r----, Hole Through cess panels Rim Joist i Junction Box or II If Josts Are Notched,Steel Protedors May Snap-ConnectorBe Provided With the Fame I I I I Be Provided Panel May Be mvdetl Figure 59.Floor electrical crossover wires with f - \/1 j bumped-out access panel J iH IA _i IX Jindon Pox aSmp Corrector Po@due CAW 1I (If Nor Pouf.*Pam SWIn Boar.) STEP 3. INSTALL ELECTRICAL BONDING To ensure all metal parts are effectively grounded,electrically bond all chassis togeth- er as follows(Figure 60): 1. Find lugs.Locate solderless ground lugs on the front or rear frame outriggers -J or headers. Q z 2. Attach wire.Uncoil the bonding wire(#8 minimum bare copper wire)from Q one side of the home and connect it to the lug provided on the opposing side. 2 Tighten the set screw firmlyon the wire and re g peat for any additional home Osections.(Bonding Wire may be shipped loose) !— I Figure 60.Electrical bonding I Manage Line of multi-section homes cn 41 Rear Outrigger at #8 Mist Copper Soklerless Lug Each Marriage Line Ground Wre Half of Home ama 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 62 E STEP 4. CONNECT WATER LINES Connect water lines inside the floor through access panels or below the bottom board VA Ar, i as follows: WATER LINES ACCESSED THROUGH PANELS Applying cement. Follow 1. Remove panels.Remove access panels from each home section. cement manufacturers in- to 2. Remove caps. Remove shipping caps from ends of water lines. a with respect application and drying time. 3. Pull lines.Pull water lines through holes in rim joist.If holes are not provided, j Allow cement to fully cure drill round holes in the center of the rim joist,with a maximum diameter of one before filling pipes with wa- third the rim joist depth(Figure 6t). ter. 4. Connect pipes.Connect threaded water lines using provided connector fit- tings(do not use lubricants or sealants).Connect non-threaded water lines � .eA using provided fittings and cement,inserting pipe to full depth of each fitting(a * short connector pipe may be provided to bridge the gap between sections). Choosing cement type. 5. Test.Test connections for leaks. Use the proper cement for 6. Seal floor.Securely replace insulation and access panels. water lines as it may differ from the cement used for the DWV system. Figure 61. Water line cross- ; �� ei, �, over with access panels 14 mm 0 STEP 5. CONNECT DRAIN, WASTE, AND VENT LINES Complete portions of the drain,waste,and vent(DWV)system that are below the floor 11:094.44*,17A as follows: 1. Remove caps.Remove shipping covers from pipes extending through the Providing required clear- bottom board:inspect pipes and fittings and clean them of dirt,obstructions, ances. Provide the drain and burrs. outlet with a minimum 2. Assemble pipes.Using the drain schematic drawing provided with the home, clearance of three inches in begin assembling the DWV system starting at the location farthest from the any direction from all parts sewer/septic connection and working towards the outlet,fastening the pipe of the structure or any ap- with cement or adjustable screw-clamp connectors,if provided(Figure 62). purtenances and with not I As the system is assembled, support the piping with temporary blocking. Un- less than 18 inches unre- less otherwise noted on the schematic diagram,provide a minimum 1/4 inch stricted clearance directly in per foot slope towards the sewer/septic using a plumber's level.Where a front of the drain outlet. slope of 1/4 inch per foot cannot be maintained,use a minimum slope of 1/8 Provide any cleanouts with inch per foot and install of a full-size clean-out at the uppermost point of the a minimum clearance of 12 run(Figure 63). inches directly in front of its opening. Cement cop Figure 62.Drain crossover (Provided) End connection PFa 40 �� Z ;a�i!/iYili�i�i�i!i�0i/1,;11��!gQl!! !!�!. . a Suppod Straps Drain Ppe l eri ■'I-.. 1 F a • Fe:bn Gauping Onection of Flaw and Slope i Diecton of Flow and Slope i (Froweelb PlPiig Carping I With Clamps j 1 onnectbn Ppe I Z 40 Coupler ve *5 1 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 63 etionnectoo loeni 'tt Figure 63. OWV system { `12WX ,'i,`cX 22W2syXkhX x_:�X '£:+4 Drain Pipe Dug I .-Drain rem Dropout rr_v` 0ropo suppo —..cover .(_, Dropout Sb� �usl Cofer Dug Sani� �3�--Long Turn Ell Cover Tee Sq bpe_ E Sbpe Wye Long Tum Tee Wye (Subsilule for Elbow lean-Out Plug Double E7 ong rum El and Fronde a Full ong Turn Ell Size Clear Out When To Sewer/Septic Required) 3. Test.Conduct a two-part leakage test on the completed drainage system as follows: FA I Or/fk rAri • Part 1.With all fixtures connected,and all tub and shower drains plugged, • fill the system with water to the rim of the toilet bowl through a higher fix- Choosing glues. Use only ture. Release all trapped air, replace tub and shower plugs, backfill fix- solvents and glues compat- tures,and allow the system to stand at least 15 minutes.Check for leaks. ible with the pipe(ABS or Drain the system.If leaks are found,repair and retest. PVC).Follow manufactur- • Part 2. Plug all fixtures,sinks, showers,and tubs and fill with water.Re- er's instructions. lease the water in all fixtures simultaneously to obtain the maximum pos- sible drain piping flow.As water is draining,check for leaks. If any are found,repair and retest. 4. Connect to outlet.Connect the main drain line to the site sewer/septic hook- up,using an approved elastomeric coupling(Figure 64). Figure 64.DWV connection to sewer/septic Drain Drain 1FIoor CEMM arop-out `^ drop -out0 Examples of i ° meet on center Connection Pipe ° Figure 65.DWV pipe and Fittings(Not N .{I shipping ° Shippeo support method Supplied by the Gat,�LJ ° ®p Manufacturer) Support Strap at ° 4 Maximum Feet on Center 0 1$ Cap and Chain I 1 Approved Field Installed siape Coupler To 1/4 inch per fad Site Sewer sewer i Hook Up 5. Install supports.Install permanent drain line supports at a distance of four feet o.c. or less(see Figure 62, Figure 64,Figure 65 and Figure 66). o 1= f- cn Atz 1/8/2016 11:39 AM ._. 34 i /f :2 O.'3f :aa3-'Nails W Figure66.DVpipe optional support method f e7.-'.2c Lu i1i r j �.- I� G lv.o. Alum.3rip�.�"`�._ Aff f ., \ J e, i, VI n.lx2 Lunbcr *"'-- �` Protect pipes from freez- '- f wails I lD luor Juis fr .7 ing.If the home is to be left r unheated in cold weather, � i) j pour antifreeze solution into �` z' x 2 'tcl " l .� all drain traps,including / i sinks,tubs,and toilets. Be I 1at^D1ax Si" ,/ ,,• ,t J sure that the antifreeze is �%- ails'Eon End �•' I .� rJ safe for the fixtures and P- �_ 121 slacks w /� �� '"� traps. 4 r' rr '' ac rewa Each_Idc r Installing quick disconnect t errata .filur str R �^'r r fittings.Do not use tools, '`1 '-_r.,;;n,2, _.rher r' lubricants,or sealants with / quick disconnect fittings. '..".,,.....Ulan Psva r Gas test precautions.Do 6. Insulate.Replace all insulation. not connect to gas service until tests described in STEP 6. CONNECT GAS LINES Connect Utilities have been The gas crossover connection may use quick disconnect fittings or threaded connect- successfully completed. ors.Find the connection location below the floor at the marriage line and gather the connectors(they may be shipped loose if not present under the home). For quick disconnect fittings(Figure 67),remove any dust caps and then with one hand, pull back on the quick disconnect device,snap it over the quick disconnect adap- tor and release it to complete the connection. For threaded connectors(Figure 68),remove the black cap and nipple(or any other plugs,such as a black iron plug)from both the supply and receiving sides and screw the connector onto the supply and return pipes as necessary. Check for leaks before connecting to gas service(see Connect Utilities,STEP 3. CONNECT GAS SERVICE,p.86). Quick-Disconnect Figure 67.Gas crossover Malt Fitting Flex with quick disconnect fittings Factory Installed d Shu[-0If Valve Installed on { Quick-Disconnect Inlet Side Figure 68. Gas crossover Female Fitting MI i Installed on Inlet Side Flan Connaor with threaded connectors Factory Installed Male Can 111 it Orl!IE Female Cap Cap Female Or VA ZAFA G7 iillill I PI Ile!1E il- III I I Tills` Installing wiring.When in- Male COP stalling telephone and ca- Direction of Gas now Direction of Gas Flow j n damage electrical wires, ]i plumbing lines,or ducts. V?" STEP 7. CONNECT TELEPHONE AND CABLE TV WIRING Serious personal injury or i— Install telephone and cable television wiring in accordance with the requirements of the death could result from LAHJ,the NEC,and NFPA No.70-2005.When making crossover connections or in- damage to electrical wires. 0 stalling telephone or cable television wires,do not run them in the same raceway as,or z in close proximity to,high voltage electrical conductors or cables. I C Wires should only be installed by trained professionals. z ial ► go to Complete the Interior(p. 66) 1/8/201611:39 AM 65 g r of Complete the Interior This chapter covers the completion of the home's interior finishes including finishing walls,ceilings,flooring,trim,and mis- cellaneous items. • STEP 1.ALIGN MARRIAGE WALLS(p.66) • STEP 2. FINISH GYPSUM BOARD(p.66) STEP 3.COMPLETE WALL AND CEILING FINISHES(p.66) ' STEP 4.COMPLETE CARPET(p.67) • STEP 5.COMPLETE TRIM(p.67) • STEP 6.INSTALL SHIP LOOSE ITEMS(p. 67) STEP 1. ALIGN MARRIAGE WALLS Align and secure walls at marriage line openings as follows: 1. Align walls.Align walls and clamp in place. 2. Fasten walls.Secure clamped walls together with metal straps or long screws so they do not move when the clamps are removed.Insert wood wedges in gaps between walls,and glue and screw to create a tight connec- tion. 3. Fill gaps.Fill any remaining gaps with wood or sheathing material. Does the home require patching and finishing gypsum board wails or ceil- ings? ► YES,go to STEP 2,FINISH GYPSUM BOARD,(p. 66) NO,go to STEP 3.COMPLETE WALL ING PANELS,(p. 66). -° STEP 2. FINISH GYPSUM BOARD Finish all unfinished gypsum board walls and ceilings as follows: PrAdelherA0rjr 1. Install panels.Install ship loose gypsum panels using a 1/4 inch diameterA bead of adhesive on all framing members and minimum 1-1/2 inch long dry- Fastening gypsum.When wall screws,nails,or staples at six inches o.c.along panel edges and 12 attaching gypsum board, Q inches o.c.in the field into framing members. depress, but do not break 2. Mud seams.Mud and tape all seams and corners,filling all fastener depres- the paper face with the fas- sions. Follow mud manufacturer's directions. tener. Breaking the paper 3. Paint.When the final coat of mud is dry, prime and paint all unfinished gyp- will weaken the connection. sum board to match existing paint color and finish texture. Using alternative materials. Obtain the home manufac- r turer's a does the home have pre-finished interior wall panels at theapproval before us- ing interior finish materials marriage line? -r' other than those provided 2 ► YES,go to STEP 3.COMPLETE WALL PCEILING PANELS, with the home. (p. 66) NO,go to STEP 4.COMPLETE CARPET, (p. 67).",,e mP" "> " STEP 3, COMPLETE WALL AND CEILING FINISHES 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 66 Install interior ship loose wall and/or ceiling panels using a 1/4 inch diameter bead of polyvinyl acetate(PVA)adhesive on all framing members and fasten with minimum 1- 1/2 inch long staples or nails at six inches o.c.along panel edges and 12 inches o.c. in the field into framing members. i I STEP 4. COMPLETE CARPET Install and seam ship loose or rolled carpet as follows: 1. Prepare floor.Clean the floor of all dirt and debris and smooth the floor deck at the marriage line seams as necessary to ensure a level and smooth sur- Installing carpet.Only ex- face. perienced carpet installers 2. Lay pad. Lay down the carpet pad,if provided, ! should install carpet.Fail- 3. Stretch carpet.Ensuring all carpet"grain"runs in the same direction,fit and ure to follow the carpet secure the carpet using a power carpet stretcher. Stretch the carpet up to the manufacturer's directions seam and tack it down temporarily until the carpet is seamed. may void the carpet war- 4. Butter carpet."Butter"with carpet adhesive the edges of the carpet along the ranty. seam. 5. Seam carpet.Place heat bond tape under the seam with the glue side next to the carpet and apply heat from a seaming iron to the top of the seam,press- ing the carpet into the glue. I Stagger seams. 6. Keep scraps. Retain reasonable size carpet scraps to protect carpet and ! Stagger all seams. For ex- flooring during move-in. ample, locate the carpet pad seam three inches to STEP 5. COMPLETE TRIM left of marriage line and the Using fine gauge wire staples or pin nails,install ship loose molding and wainscot pan- carpet seam three inches to eling to finish trimming out ceilings,marriage line walls,front and rear end walls,and i right of marriage line. passageway doors where necessary. STEP 6. INSTALL SHIP LOOSE ITEMS Remove all strapping, blocking,and packaging from appliances,windows,and doors. Install any drapes,mini-blinds,mirrors,door stops,closet shelves,and hardware per the product manufacturer's installation instructions. Proc; 'a5e"°o the foundation rah r P F.,t. . ► PierAnd ground anchor, go to Install Stabilizing Systems, (p.68)a bearingAliad perimeter wall,go to Connect Utilities(p. 80). I � co co � r O j i z ' D j r 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 67 Install Stabilizing Systems This chapter covers the design and installation of the stabilizing system which secures the home against lateral and up- ward forces caused by wind.The system covered here uses earth(or ground)anchors and steel straps connected to the home's longitudinal steel beams and/or exterior walls.Stabilizer plates may also be used to prevent the anchor head from moving laterally in the ground.An anchor,strap,and stabilizer plate(if used)together are referred to as a tie-down. Anchors can also be mounted in concrete footings when there is enough concrete mass(weight)to resist the lateral and upward forces.This type of system is not covered in this manual. Follow the Steps below: • STEP 1. DETERMINE ANCHOR LOCATIONS(p.68) • STEP 2.DETERMINE TIE-DOWN CONFIGURATION(p.74) STEP 3.SELECT ANCHORS(p. 74) STEP 4.INSTALL ANCHORS(p.75) STEP 5. INSTALL STRAPS(p, 76) V. STEP 6.TIGHTEN AND ADJUST STRAPS(p.79) STEP 1. DETERMINE ANCHOR LOCATIONS • Create a sketch of the home plan showing the exterior walls, marriage line(s)(if any) FAFF * Air Ar and frame I-beams(this will be similar to the base sketch created in Prepare Footings, page 19). Need for a stabilizing See Table 26 for a list of anchor locations,types,and where they are required. Pages system.The manufactured where the requirements are provided are noted in the last column. home must be secured As each anchor location is determined, mark it on the sketch,noting important dimen- against the wind by the use sions such as spacing between anchors.When complete,this will be the home's tie- aT an anchor assembly or down plan(Figure 69 and Figure 70). an alternative foundation system.Where site or other TABLE 26.ANCHOR LOCATION TYPES conditions prohibit the use Wind Zones II of the manufacturer's Location Type Wind Zone I and III See page instructions,a registered Frame Yes Yes 69 engineer or registered Sidewall - --- - -- -- -- architect must design the Vertical No' Yes 73 stabilizing system. Frame No Yes 73 Flood and seismic forces. End wall _.. Vertical No No The stabilizing system Shear walk Vertical Sometimes Yes 73 requirements in this chapter do not consider flood or Marriage line Vertical Sometimes Yes 73 seismic loads and are not See intended for use in flood or Frame Yes Yes Supplemental seismic hazard areas. In Z Tag Unit See those areas retain a Vertical No Yes registered engineer or t Supplemental registered architect to See design the stabilizing J4 Porch Post Vertical Sometimes Yes system. Supplemental see , Underground Utilities. Frame Yes Yes Before installation of any Supplemental Offset Unit -------- --- - ------- --- ; ground anchors, determine See that any anchor will not be Vertical Sometimes Yes [ Supplemental close to any underground • cables or pipes. Failure to • 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 68 w . TABLE 27.WIND ZONE I SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHOR MAXIMUM SPACING Roof slope maximum 4.35112 Roof slope max- ound t eset (20 degrees) imum 6/12 Sidewall I-beam ground to strap (28.5 degrees) Floor width height spacing attachment Single section Double section Double section Up to 25" - 21'-0 11'6" 25"to 48" -- 16'0"• 9.6"• 48"to 67" Up to 7-6' Up to 25' -- 21'0"• 12'0'• 26°to 46" — 16'-6"• 10'0"• 48'to 67" 10' Up to 25' 10-0"' 82°Ma%. 25'to 48" - 13'B"• 8'6"' More than 48'to 67" -- it-0"' T 6"to 99.5"Max. 25'to 48" -- 13'-6"' 48°to 67" Up to 25' 18'-6"' Up to 7-6' 99.5"Max. 25'to 48" 1s-s^- 17-6^• 48°to 6T 15'-6'^ 12' More than Up to 25" 15'-6"' 79'-0'' 99.5"Max. 25°to 98" 13'-0"• 14'-6"• 8'-6" 9'0" 46'to 67" 12'0"' 12'6'' T 6 UP to 25' 12'-6" 17-fi' 11'-0` Up to 7-6" 99.5"Max. zs^ro as" 16'-s"• 19'-o"• 46"to 67" 16'0"• 8'6 14' More than up to 25" 10'-B" 13-6^ T 8"to 25"to 48" 13 6°` 15'6"' 8' 9'a.. 49'to67" 12._6•• 13'-6"• T6" Up to 25" 10,8" 23'_8• 8-6„ Up to 7-6" 25"to 48" 10'0" 20'-a' 16' More than UP to 25" 12'0" 17-fi' 9'-6" 7'.6°to 99.5"Max. zs"to 49° 14'-0"' 10'-0^ e'-o" 9'-�° 46"to 67" 0"• 14'0"• 7'-8'. Up to 25^ 17-6" -- -- Up to 7'-6° 99.5"Max. 25"to 48" 12'-0' -- - 18' 48"to 87' 9-6' — -- Morethan Up to 25" 14'-o" — - 7-6"to 99.5"Max. 25'to 48" 10'-0" — — 9'-0" a8"to 67° 6'-0" -- - * Indicates a configuration that will require an additional strap connected to the far beam(see Figure 72). 4 D Q zi _ ikS5r47`"+. CO i 70 1!8l2016 11:39 AM x ' n 1' 3.. i TABLE 28.WIND ZONE II SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHOR MAXIMUM SPACING Roof slope maximum 4.35112 Roof slope max- Height from (20 degrees) imum 6/12 Sidewall I-beam ground to strap (26.5 degrees) Floor width height spacing attachment Single section Double section Double section Up to 25" _ 6'6.• 4.6"` 82"Max. 25"to 48" _ 7'-6"• 4'6" 98'to 67" -_ 7•p•'' 4.6 . Up to 7'-6" Up to 25" _ g.-6.• 4.-g... 99.5"Max. 25'to 48" _ g•_p"• q•g" 10' 48'to 67' _ T-p"• 4'-B" (118"Max.) up to 25" _ 7•_p•. a•-6'' 82"Max. 25'to 4B" _ 6'-6"• 3'-6" More than 48'to 67" Up to 25" 99.5"Max. 25"to 48" 48"to 67" _ g•p-• 4-0'' Up to 25' 5'-6"' 8'6"' ,V 6'' Up to 7'-6° 99.5"Max. 25'to 48" s•-s^• s•-o••• 9'-s•' 12' 98"to 67" 5'6"• T 6"• 4'6"• (142"Max.) More than Up to 25" q•-p•• 7'-6"' 8•-s^" 7'-6"to 99.5"Max. 25'to 48' 4•_p•• 7•_p••• q•p• 48'to 67' Up to 25' Up to 7'-6" 99.5"Max. 25'to 48' S'-6"• 8'-6"• 4'-0" 14' 48'to 67' S'-fi"• T-6"• 9'-6" (164"Max.) More than Up to 25' 5'-0" s-o• 66' 7-6"to 99.5"Max. 25"to 48^ 4•-0^' 7'-0^' 3'-6"' 48'to 67` Up to 25" Up to 7'-6" 99.5"Max. 25"to 48" 5,p• 5•-p.. 4❑" 16' 48'to 67" (186"Max.) More than Up to 25' 7'-6"to 99.5"Max. 25'to 48" 48"to 67" Up to 25' 7-p• Up to 7'-6" 99.5"Max. 25'to 48' 5 s 18' 48"to 67" 4 6 — (204"Max) More than Up to 25" 7'-6"to 99,5"Max. 25"to 48' 9'-0" 48'to 67" 4•p _ Indicates a configuration that will require an additional strap connected to the far beam (see Figure 72). p , � ACzr , ; � r .�,,. ..--,2 �. fie r z 9 ?F ktr. IC it 9I28/2015 11,23 AM 71 Install Stabilizing Systems TABLE 29.WIND ZONE III SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHOR MAXIMUM SPACING Roof slope maximum 4.35/12 Roof slope max- Height from (20 degrees) imum 6112 Sidewall I-beam ground to strap (26.6 degrees) Floor width height spacing attachment Single section Double section Double section UP to 25' _ 5'6"• 3'0"' 48'to 67" _ 5'6"• 3'0"' Up to 7'-6" Up to 25" _ 5-6 3-6 3-6" 25 to 46" _ 6'-0"• 3'-6" 10' 48"to 67" _ 6'-D"• 3'6" (118"Max.) Up to 25" _ 4'.5"• NA 82"Max. 25"to 48' 4'-6"• NA More than T-6"lo Up to 25' 99.5"Max. 25'l0 48` _ 5'-D"• 3'-0"• r Up to 25' q•_0"• 5'-6"• 3'-0" Up to 7'-8" 99.5"Max 25'to 48" q 0"" 5-6"• 3'-0" 12' 48'to 6T (142°Max.) More than Up to 25" 3'-0"• 5'-D"• NA 7'-6"to 99.5"Max. 25'to 48' 3'-D•- s•-D•'• NA 9'-0" 48"to 67 3'-D"' S'-D"` NA Up to 25" Up to 7'-6" 99.5"Max. 25"to 48• qe0•. g_6•. 3_0". 14' 48"to 67' (164"Max.) More than Up to 25' q•-o" a'-o" NA T-6"to 99.5"Max. 25"to 48' 3'-0"• s'-0"• NA 48"to 6T' 3'-D". 5'-D"' NA Up to 25' Up to 7'-6" 99.5"Max. 25"to 48" q•.0" 4'-0" NA 18' 48"to 67' (186"Max.) 4'-D"- s•-s^• 3 0 . More than Up to 25' 4'-6" 4'-6" NA 7'8"to 99.5"Max. 25"to 48" 3�.6" 3.-6" NA 9'-0• 48"to 67" 3'0"• d'6"• NA Up to 25' 6'.0• __ __ { Up to 7'6" 99.5"Max. 25"to 48" 4•_6„ _ _ 48"to67' 18' (204"Max.) More than Up to 25" 7'-6"to 99.5"Max. 25"to 48' q 0 48"to 67" -- 0 Indicates a configuration that will require an additional strap connected to the far beam(see Figure 72). Z 2 Z 0 ) .• 03105 � I 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 72 I f SIDEWALL VERTICAL ANCHORS Homes designed for Wind Zones II and III also require vertical tie-downs along the sidewalls.The vertical tie-down anchor straps(or brackets for connecting to the home) I are factory installed and indicate the locations.Vertical and frame sidewall tie-downs may connect to one double-headed anchor or each to its own dedicated anchor. Any factory-installed sidewall tie-down straps must be connected to a ground anchor regardless of the wind zone in which the home is placed. END WALL FRAME ANCHORS End wall frame tie-downs are especially important for homes that are wider and have higher roof pitches because those features increase the surface area exposed to wind loads at the ends of the home. Use Table 30 to determine the number of end wall frame anchors required on each end of the home. Note: Wind Zone 1 end wall frame anchors are not required in the following conditions: • Single-section homes over 27 feet in length. • Multi-section homes where all sections are over 35 feet in length. When one section is less than 35 feet in length,only that section requires anchors. TABLE 30. END WALL FRAME ANCHORS REQUIRED ON EACH END OF THE HOME Wind Wind Zone II Wind Zone Ill Zone I Maximum 12'-18' 12' 14' 16' 18' 12' 14' 16' 18' sidewall Maximum section section section section section section section section section height roof pitch width width width width width width width width width m e 7'-6" 4.35/12 , None 2 ',... 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 Di« l_ ..._ .... _.. u w H 9'-0" 4.35/12 None 3 3 3 4 3 4 4 4 4.35/12 None 5 .. 5 6 -- 5 6 7 --- 0 7'-6" 6/12 None 5 6 .... 7 _. _ 6 _...7 _..8 4 35/12 None 5 6 7 --- 6 7 8 .,. rn y,p.. __.. .. _. _. 6/12 None 6 7 8 -- 7 8 NA -- SHEARWALL ANCHORS Shearwalls are sections of interior or exterior wall engineered to withstand racking forces. Some interior shearwalls require anchoring to resist these forces. The location of any shearwall requiring a ground anchor will be clearly indicated by the presence of a coiled G-strap.Straps may be located along the sidewall or the mating line. Each shearwall tie-down requires a dedicated anchor.Do not connect shearwall tie- downs to the same anchor as frame or other tie-downs. MARRIAGE LINE VERTICAL ANCHORS In Wind Zones II and III(and sometimes in Wind Zone I),anchors are required I along the marriage line to resist uplift forces. The location of any ground an- chor will be clearly indicated by the presence of a G-coiled strap.The straps may be classified as G-1 (two straps sharing one anchor)or G-2(two straps each with its own anchor).See Figure 71 for the two configurations. : 1 /.144 4 'q" a,, ,\ c. ` 3105 Z I rM ' Ft I i 9/28/2015 11:23 AM 73 ; rfigik zsywmsvvmoomti I I Figure 71.Marriage Line _.._ ! Vertical Anchors Labelar1G-1 Labeled G-2 Singlestraps straps straps only devebp 3150 bs. alowabk load- Both straps may be Straps must be fastened to a sbgk irffastened to individual n anchor head . i1m anchors.i /�� No stabilizer plate is required j�� for ground anchor at labeled / / .ti ti G-strap along matinglrne. Labeled G-1 Straps Labeled G-2 Straps TAG UNIT ANCHORS See supplemental pages if this particular home has a tag that requires frame or vertical anchors. f PORCH POST ANCHORS When to install marriage line anchors.Anchors See supplemental pages if this particular home has a porch that requires.anchors. along the marriage line OFFSET UNIT ANCHORS must be installed prior to the second half of a multi- See supplemental pages if this particular home has an offset that requires anchors. section home being set. STEP 2. DETERMINE TIE-DOWN CONFIGURATION There are two primary tie-down configurations:the near beam and the far beam meth- s E ods. If the anchor spacing selected in the appropriate anchor table(Table 27,Table 28 `N or Table 29)has an asterisk(*)then use the far beam method.Otherwise,use the near +' ' r beam method(Figure 72).Each method varies by wind zone as described below. �Ay.)• beam method.For all Wind Zones,connect an anchor strap from the *.33105 anchor head to the beam closest to the anchor. In addition for Wind Zones II ` and III,connect a vertical strap from the sidewall of the home to the anchor head using a double-headed anchor. e, 'Z PtPdr , • Far beam method. For Wind Zone I connect anchor straps from the anchor head(using a double-headed anchor)to both of the home's main frame beams. For Wind Zones II and III connect one anchor strap from the anchor head(using a double-headed anchor)to the home's far beam and one to the sidewall of the home. Near Beam Floor Frame Tie-Donn � Floor Near Beam (Omit l nbwd .uaeA11,9IDIOwIDAm9tielaeamm J Frame Zones II and IID <( Tie-Dom Vertical Mena Far Beam Frame Tledawnoo Be BD''Waxman Vertical Mena) Z. Tie-Dawn Wind I Tie-Dawn CVAN Added When Near Bean Strap Angle Q Zone II and III Ground Lsvel Zones I and III Ground level Exceeds 60°As Indialed By r)On 2 OW Only) Anchor Chats) N. ,y Stabilizer Pixie ``.,•*4 Stabilizer Rafe V y,y/v 99 'S Ground Anchor 44" Ground Anchor JJ Figure 72.Lateral tie-down con- rn STEP 3. SELECT ANCHORS figurations Use the torque probe results from Prepare the Site,STEP 6.DETERMINE GROUND 411 ANCHOR HOLDING CAPACITY(p. 17)and the anchor manufacturer instructions; select the type and length of anchor to use.The installed ground anchor size(length) must be listed(i.e.approved)for the soil class. l ' 1/8/2016 11:39 AM _. 74 Make sure the anchor is of sufficient length such that the top of the helix is below the frost line.Select a shaft diameter sufficient to resist excessive torsion,"ring-off'(when the helix or anchor head separates from shaft)or shaft splitting.Consult the anchor supplier for guidance. Review all of STEP 4.INSTALL ANCHORS(p.75)and STEP 5.INSTALL STRAPS I (p.76)before making final anchor selections to determine when single-headed vs. ( i double-headed anchors should be used. Follow the specifications in Table 30 when selecting stabilizing system components. TABLE 31.ANCHOR SYSTEM MATERIALS SPECIFICATIONS Component Specification Anchors must be tested and listed to resist a minimum ultimate load of 4,725 lbs and a minimum allowable Anchors working load of 3,150 lbs or ultimate and corresponding working load limited by soil conditions and anchor length.The working load is the maximum load the designer can use. Straps must be minimum 1-1/4"x 0.035"zinc-coated(0.30 oz per sq ft)steel strapping conforming to Straps ASTM D3953-97,Type 1,Grade 1,Finish B with a minimum allowable working load capacity of 3,150 lbs and a minimum ultimate load of 4,725 lbs.Slit or cut edges of zinc-coated strapping do not need to be zinc coated. The size and type of stabilizer plate,if required by the ground anchormanufacturer,will be specified in the Stabilizer plates anchor manufacturer's instructions. Alternatively,ABS stabilizer plates may be used when listed and certi- fied for such use. STEP 4. INSTALL ANCHORS Before beginning anchor installation,check for obstructions under the home such as piers and frame members that may interfere with the tie down strapping.Check with utility companies to determine the location of underground utilities,such as electrical and phone lines,and water,sewer,and gas pipes that may be buried in potential anchor locations.Also check for homeowner-installed wires and pipes,such as those Grading area connecting exterior lighting or sheds to the home.These must also be avoided. around anchors.Anchor heads should not rest in FRAME ANCHORS sunken spots.Grade the Frame anchors can be installed in two ways,in-line and against a stabilizer plate.The ground so that water does two methods are discussed below: not collect around anchor heads, but runs away from In-Line Configuration the anchor and out from The in-line configuration(Figure 73)for homes can be used in Wind Zone I only.Typi- under the home.Do not cally,in-line anchors are used under high homes where the anchors can be installed bury anchor heads. from under the home after the home is set. In-line anchors can also be installed before the home is set; however,precisely aligning the anchor with the home both vertically I and horizontally is difficult.Using swivel connectors for the strap to beam connection can provide some horizontal flexibility. To install in-line frame anchors,drive the anchor into the ground at an angle and loca- tion such that a straight line can be drawn from the tip of the anchor through the anchor head and to the connection point on the I-beam(Figure 74). I Figure 73.In-line anchor i configuration 1 Figure 74.Stabilizer plate Man Main configuration Beam Beam _ Siaewall Frame Sidewell Frame Toe-Down Strap ier Te-Down Strap Pier 1 Ground Ground PnchorwM ,�f Fr,,,,---,� > Anchor Stabilizer Plate I €1J;l :T ' . A,II Ill II—III _ Iv , l II I A — 9/28/2015 11:23 AM 75 11';*:::1*Pct.',';:*1:.;:it::16:1MM;*6114;;;*;;;;;101:11'f':,:11:1 Stabilizer Plate Configuration Stabilizer plate configurations(Figure 74)are suitable for homes in all wind zones.An- chors may be installed after the home is set.A stabilizer device,typically an ABS or metal plate,is used to prevent the top of the anchor from slicing through the soil when the load is applied.Stabilizer plates are available in a variety of widths.Choose the widest plate that can be driven into the soil to maximize resistance to movement.The IAHJ may have stabilizer plate requirements. Install anchors with stabilizer plates as follows: 1. Locate anchor. Select a location for the anchor under the home but within six inches of the exterior wall(Figure 75). Avoid locations that will interfere with skirting. Figure 75.Determining an- chor and stabilizer plate loca- 1-Beam tion —�e Max 15.1r or Insert Ancbn 11—III-rol=pr11_ Siableer _ 2. Install anchor.To assure that the anchor attachment point will end up at the stabilizer plate,start the anchor insertion approximately 12 inches back from the desired location if using a 48 inch long anchor,or approximately 16 inches if using a 60 inch long anchor. Install the anchor at about 15 degrees off verti- cal,with the head tilted away from the home. Install the anchor to a depth of Soil depression. approximately one half its length. Do not locate anchor heads 3. Drive stabilizer plate.Drive the stabilizer plate into the ground to its full depth in waterse mday where at the point determined in Step 1. may pool. 4. Complete anchor installation.Screw the anchor the rest of the way into the ground.The finished anchor must be installed to its full depth. VERTICAL ANCHORS To install vertical anchors,screw the anchor into the ground directly under the strap at- ' - tachment point on the home until the bottom of the anchor head is flush with the ground ,a' � t C' or no more than one inch above grade. p > k s.33105 STEP 5. INSTALL STRAPS Follow the instructions below to connect straps from the home to sidewall frame,end wall frame and vertical anchors. s Cy gt,C.1' Z I. Always protect straps at sharp corners including around I-beams with radius clips or other methods(Figure 76). Radius clips may be fabricated from 26ga(min)by 1 %- inch wide galvanized steel strap formed to fit around corners. vr�'^my Figure 76.Radius clips 5i � 1 Bracket Cn f Protect Top and Z 1 01/ Bottom of Beam H I-Beam (V Strap is Wrapped � Around Bum#4 Araroii 1/8/2 0 161 1:39 76 gttfitittrttabrlrillfrfl SPLICING STRAPS Splicing may be required when a pre-cut strap is of insufficient length.Splices in tie- down straps are not permitted in a'Y'configuration.Overlap straps by 12 inches,ap- plying one splice clip from above and the other from below;use a crimping tool to tight- ly seal the splice clips(Figure 77). Do not run any portion of the splice through an an- chor head bolt. Figure 77. Tie-down strap ' splice Apply Splice Clips In Direction of Arrows � v v Strap—' R- { j pJ Splice Approx. 12" A MI Not I NO I Pemiitted III SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHORS Install straps to sidewall frame anchors as follows: 1. Connect strap to home.Connect one end of the strap to the home connec- tion point using approved buckles or clips(swivel or hook clip preferred). Figure 78.Strap to beam connection I Alth.,, rAtierAlrA,407.1 I I 110. x Strap to beam connection. ► Regardless of the strap 1Owrap strap around main O2 Connect hook bbopof suppliers t aom must be- beam main beam and connect lions,the strap be other end of strap to connected to the top of the anchor head main beam to prevent damage to the structure. 2. Connect strap to anchor.Connect the other end of the strap to the split bolt in the anchor. Leave enough strap length to be able to make at least three, but no more than five complete turns around the bolt before it becomes tight (approximately 2 1/2 inches per turn or 7 1/2 to 13 inches total). Fewer than three turns and the strap may not hold onto the bolt when force is applied. Conversely,more than five turns may not fit within the U-channel of the an- chor head.Follow the procedure outlined in Figure 79. co iv') a5iryr v v /116 , apc, r- 9/28/2015 11:23 AM 77 f 4 1 i i(l.4I1 (110i 1f OInsert the tension bolt Ito the 4°Place the strap through the slotted O using a 15/16"socket or open end anchor head and looselyattach shank of the tension look and bend wrench,rotate clockwise,wrapping the hex nut. up to 96 the strap around the tension bolt. i 1 ( i i of cz ....,,,,o 141) % - ir , . II O6 If approved by thenenuracturer, Once tensioned to the pont that O Once fully tensioned,align the ccunterclockwrseresistance square neck of the boltwith the double head anchors may be used appears,use a 5f8"open end square recess in the anchorhead for bath diagonal and vertical wrench to hold the square neck and tighten the hex nut. This will lie-down strap tensionig.Tension while repositioning the 15/16' draw the two together and took the the diagonal tie-down shep fist. tensioning wrench to continue system into final poskon. Follow Steps 3 through 7 to install tensioning. Repeat as required straps to anchor head j I Figure 79.Procedure for connecting the strap to frame 1 and anchor 3. Pretension anchor.For anchors with stabilizer plates,pretension the anchor by pulling it up to the stabilizer plate using the strap and take-up bolt to move t the anchor head.Continue pulling the strap until the plate moves a small i amount(about 1/2 inch).This is called packing the plate and it will yield the + strongest resistance(the bottom of the anchor head should be maximum 1/4 Anchor head location.As inch above the top of the stabilizer plate). the anchor is pulled up to END WALL FRAME ANCHORS meet the stabilizer plate, the head of the anchor will Attach straps to the bracket welded by the manufacturer to the frame(Figure 80).If no i rise. In its final position,the brackets have been installed, use approved beam clamps designed specifically for this bottom of the anchor head purpose,available from anchor suppliers.Connect straps to anchors following same should be no more than 1/4 procedure as for sidewall frame anchors. inch above the top of the Q stabilizer plate. 0 Z M z 0 IQ— s0 )',� . f./ �v 1 1 ".. 331 f *1 1 I old t ar ,,,, 1/8/2016 11:39AM 78 Figure 80.End wall frame 1 Main Beam anchor attachment method Bracket Pier MEEnd Wall Tie-Down Strap 45-50 _— Degrees -1�I11 1—I r IIII-11 1 1 I I—III I I 1 11 1 -I 1I— ll _l1111 I I111111I 11 �I I I Stab lizer Plate� l I i, I-1 1=1 11=1 I I-1 I I-1 111I I IE I I I' —111-1 1—I 11 11—i--11 I- SIDEWALL VERTICAL ANCHORS Homes built for Wind Zone II and III have factory-installed brackets along the sidewall. Attach the strap to the bracket as shown in Figure 81. li . .. Tle-dc'n it Figure 81.Connecting Qrasset ` i Vertical Strap to z. X4 Tie-down Bracket - A 4 ' r 4 c 4 ' n • , 4 4 t 4 r 4tiPt. # r ,.. r r oar°m pace .r`{ -awl paTsu tlmaugh\' Tle-rt�rsn -'`s- top slot 0 : '7 v. '`" bracket 7 an srt . ° -,r` Z A pryetd Aas zinc c I, ' %.F. '7 end—. +.'nrcr 5..ngled _ 2,-. :--, `'f 1=7aP f '.rc Ut�41 10_113:. f"•r IL a.,� � 'vcrt cam ?Ir drnm scr;,p:II ".-i,'` t c down Fr54'>c —z Rl-ap I var h l ---,, atrmiklI I 71e dom.' r^r l7. etrap 4, ' f l< Ground 4 r ' anciwr . / tl x'1 �Y I IT ,,, t 3 STEP 6. TIGHTEN AND ADJUST STRAPS L Pst�,�;r is After all anchors have been installed and pre-tensioned, recheck all anchor straps to ^. ,t --i assure that they are tight and that the anchor shafts have remained in contact with the > i stabilizer plates. Do not over-tension straps. r- go to Connect Utilities(p- 80) 7 z z a r 9/28/2015 11:23 AM 79 ActsivoroAomlat z Connect Utilities This chapter contains procedures and requirements for the connection and testing of utility hook-ups. Responsibility for making utility connections varies by location. Consult the LAHJ and the utility before connecting the home to any utilities. ✓ STEP 1.CONNECT ELECTRICAL SERVICE(p.80) ✓ STEP 2.CONNECT WATER SERVICE(p.83) ✓ STEP 3.CONNECT GAS SERVICE(p.86) ✓ STEP 4.CONNECT OIL SERVICE(p.87) STEP 1, CONNECT ELECTRICAL SERVICE The home is designed for connection to an electrical wiring system rated at 120/240 (• dIrA volt AC. All electrical field work must be done by a licensed electrician or other person Alle4 approved by the LAHJ. Special precautions when FEEDER WIRE AND EQUIPMENT SIZES installing electrical ser- The current rating(in amperes)of the home can be found on the tag located on the vice. Installation of the outside next to the feeder or service entrance, and on the electrical distribution panel. electric power to the home Using this information,determine the required feeder wire size from Table 32.These can cause exposure to live sizes are based on an ambient temperature of 86 degrees Fahrenheit and do not take electrical circuits. Exposure voltage drop into consideration to live electrical circuits or improper grounding of the Acceptable conductor types are: RHH, RHW, RHW-2,THHN,THHW,THW,THW2, conductor in the panel THWN,THWN-2,XHHW,XHHW-2, SE, USE,and USE-2 board may result in severe TABLE 32. ELECTRICAL FEEDER WIRE AND EQUIPMENT SIZES FOR COP- shock or possible electro- PER,ALUMINUM OR COPPER CLAD ALUMINUM CONDUCTORS cution.A qualified installer must make the connections i ALL WIRE SIZES ARE AWG UNLESS NOTED for the electric power. Main Minimum Conductors(Cu) Breaker Max. Size Neutral Juno- Size in Raceway Red R i Elec- Panel Feeder tion box Conduit Black White Green n trode Box Load size Diameter (Neutral) (Grounding) (AMPS) (in) (Power) Conduc- (AMPS) for 50 35 NA '. 1 #4 #8 #10 #8 100 " 70 10x10x4 1-1/4 #4 #4 #8 #8 150 115 10x12x4 1-1/2 #1 #2 #6 #6 200 ! 140 10x16x4 2 2/0 1/0 #6 #4 '.. 225 158 10x16x4 2 3/0 2/0 #4 #4 d 400 260 10x24x4 3 400 kcmil 300 kcmil #3 1/0 ] z ', Conductors(Al) 50 35 NA 1-1/4 #4 #4 #8 #6 z 100 70 10x10x4 1-1/2 j #2 #2 #6 #6 -! 150 115 10x12x4 2 2/0 2/0 #4 #4 200 140 10x16x4 2 4/0 4/0 #4 #2 I 225 158 10x16x4 2-1/2 250 kcmtl 250 kcmil ! #2 #2 400 280 10x24x4 3-1/2 600 kcmil 600 kcmil #1 3/0 1/812016 11:39 AM 80 , 4 towevr: • FEEDER CONNECTIONS Feeder connections are made from above or from below the home as follows: FA f hird r44FA From above—mast weatherhead feeder The routing,connection,and support of the service drop must meet local codes. Power supply.A large Homes equipped this way contain all necessary conduits to the electrical distribution enough power supply must panel. However,the feeder conductors(not provided with the home)are installed on be available at the site.An site. If the masthead is located above the roof overhang,allow a minimum clearance of inadequate power supply eight feet above all roof points that the conductors pass over.There are two exceptions may result in improper op- to this rule: (1)The vertical clearance may be reduced to three feet if the roof has a eratiog of and possible minimum slope of 4 in 12;and(2)The vertical clearance may be reduced to 18 inches j damage to motors and ap- if no more than four feet of service-drop conductors pass above the roof overhang,and pliances. It may also in- if they terminate at a through-the-roof raceway or approved support.A minimum clear- ance crease electricity costs. must also be provided from the final grade to the service-drop conductors.This measurement may vary from 10 feet to 18 feet,depending on the types of traffic antici- pated below the service drop(refer to the NEC). Unless impractical,locate service heads above the point of attachment of the service-drop conductors and make them rain-tight. If individual conductors do not extend downward,form drip loops. From below—underside junction box feeder A section of conduit is factory installed through the floor cavity.Connect to that conduit with approved fittings and conduit(not provided with the home)to the point where the service entrance cable enters the crawl space. Install properly-sized service entrance conductors from the main power supply to the panel board.Depending on the location of the main panel board inside the home,or the point at which the service entrance conductors enter the crawl space,a separate service disconnect may be required. Re- fer to Table 32 for the conductor and junction box requirements.The installer must provide the supply connection including the feeder conductors,junction box,and con- { duit connectors. Protect conductors emerging from the ground from a minimum of 18 inches below grade to eight feet above grade,or to the point of entrance to the home. i The distance measured from the top surface of a buried cable,conduit,or raceway to • the finished grade must meet the minimum burial requirements outlined in the NEC. Use a moisture-proof bushing at the end of the conduit from which the buried cable emerges. GROUNDING %'f The home must be properly grounded to protect the occupants.The only safe and ap- proved J� method of grounding the home is through an electrically-isolated grounding bar in the manufactured home distribution panel board.This grounds all non-current- Grounding the electrical carrying metal parts to the electrical system in the home at a single point. system.Do not provide Each neutral conductor must be connected to the system grounding conductor on the electrical power until the supply side of the main disconnect in accordance with Articles 250.24,250.26,and grounding electrode is in- 250.28 of the National Electrical Code,NFPA No.70-2005. stalled and connected. Where the meter base has a disconnect(typically when the meter is more than 6 feet When themeter base not from the service electric panel,although this may vary by LAHJ),the ground and neu- tral should be bonded at that disconnect and then grounded to the driven earth neutral conductor of the ground. Four wires will leave the service electric panel to the disconnect.Three wires feeder cable as a ground wire. will enter the disconnect from the meter base(refer to Figure 82). Where there is no disconnect on the meter base or between the meter base and ser- vice electric panel(typically when the meter is within 6 feet from the service electric panel,although this may vary by LAHJ),the main circuit breaker in the service electric panel becomes the first disconnect. In this case,the neutral and ground are bonded in the service electric panel and connected to the driven earth ground from the service electric panel.Three wires lead between the meter base and the service electric panel (refer to Figure 83). i b ig IZ I l,b j> • 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 81 AIn r ^t;�i'4) , Service Entry Figure 82.Electrical feeder Main Panel (May Be Above Or Belau Ground) Enclosure connection when meter has I z°condmtrg adisconnectinstalled(typi- eeeo-aIII ServiceHcod tally more than 6 feet from gi EG t ...7 Bus Be rl service electric panel). Bella NM Meter By tidilyMeterbase I _ I CornWm Ground From Meter Endows* 11.11 I Disconnect �� ■ 2"Conduit Bonding Strap Not Installed j = Disconnect K r Grounding Lug ��2"Condit (Fused) To Chassis To Grounding Rod I —Panes TO Main I I i Metallic Conduit Or Fitbgs To - ( Be Effectively Grounded To Equipment Ground Black-"HOT"ToA Or Red-"HOT'ToA Or B White To Neutral Bus Bar Ground To Equipment Ground I Figure 83.Meter base wiring I Main Paner Sanwa EnW when there is no separate Enclosure (Above or BelowCmund) disconnect installed(typically i c � -p�ntlHeed within 6 feet of service elec- Epopment II Nemai serwce Heed trio panel). eua Bar NM Bus Ba t �� Bus Bar MERr By tHilAyCompany �MM Molar Endoaure �� t onding stay z•'cnndun readied By 'IM=— Manufetlurer Grounding Lug ��TCnnduR To caress To G2untling nod TO Main • f Panel MetGLOCondut Or Beings To Be EHactiely Grounded To Eoubmed Bbdr--HOT To A Or B Gmuntl Red-"HOT To A Or B Wore To Neutral Bus Bar In all cases,a grounding electrode conductor and a ground wire must be installed ac- cording to the following specifications: 1. Grounding wire to be per Table 32 provided by the manufacturer. If manufac- turer provides a minimum 1/2 inch EMT or conduit raceway,the#6 minimum bare copper wire is provided by the retailer for installation. 2. The clamp connecting the grounding electrode conductor to the electrode shall be suitable for direct burial and located flush or below ground level. 3. Use a listed 5/8 inch diameter by eight foot long iron electrode or nonferrous rod of at least 1/2 inch diameter by eight feet long for grounding(larger sizes Q may be required by the LAHJ due to soil impedance). D Q 4. Drive the electrode to a depth of not less than eight feet so that at least eight < feet of the electrode is in contact with the soil. Z 5. When rock is encountered,the electrode may be driven at an angle not to ex- H ceed 45 degrees from vertical or buried in a trench that is at least 2-1/2 feet deep. 4 r. � FIELD INSTALLED METER BASE When a meter base is installed in the field,Figure 84 and the following requirements must be adhered to: • Install the meter base according to the manufacturer's instructions. • Use straps to support any conduit. Do not use the meter base equipment for I 82 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 1111 support. • Use exterior equipment and enclosures listed as weatherproof and entrance conductors listed for wet locations. • The grounding bar may be installed separate from the neutral bar for purpos- es of testing the electrical system. • The grounding bar may be isolated during the electrical check and re- attached,after the tests are completed. • Check with the local electrical utility to verify meter base requirements and lo- cations and distances for the main panel and meter box. • The field installed meter base enclosure must be installed in accordance with its listing.Fasten securely to exterior wall studs and provide for a weather- tight seal. • Check the local code for any requirements regarding the location of the meter base. • Final testing of the electrical system should not be performed until all appli- ances are connected. See Prepare Appliances and Equipment(p.89)for electrical system test procedures. f Exterior Well • MeterEnckeuie Figure 84.Meter base clear- Meter—ft- ances. III �-114"Air Space Between Meter Encbeure And Exterior WA STEP 2. CONNECT WATER SERVICE CONNECTION IVA dr, To connect the home's water system to the water source,identify the water inlet locat- ed under the home(usually below the water heater compartment or utility room)and j Selecting heat tape.Use follow the procedure described below(refer to Figure 85): only pipe-heating cable 1. Flush pipe.Flush field-installed water piping free of all debris prior to connec- I (tape)listed for manufac- tion to the home's water inlet. 1 tured homes and install it in 2. Clean threads.Ensure that pipe threads are clean. accordance with the cable 3. Install pressure-reducing valve.If the local water supply exceeds 80 psi in- j (tape)manufacturer's in- stallation 1'1 stall a pressure-reducing valve. instructions. 4. Connect valve.Install a main shut-off valve between the water supply and Maximum water pressure. the inlet on the home. Locate the riser for the shutoff valve underneath or ad- The water system for the home was designed for a jacent to the home. Select a full flow gate or ball shutoff valve,or equivalent to valve.To prevent the possibility of fresh water contamination install an anti- maximum inlet pressure of —I siphon valve on all field installed exterior faucets. 80 psi. r- D Z c A c C A r • 1/8/2016 11:39 AM itaifiettl,iti.alle Figure 85. Water system s� i. connection F. . ,. III iii Factory-Installed Water Ppe _ Optional Hose BP (Not Suppled) Connect ToT -`(r—___ Here For W 4ater --"—" System Test Service Cormeeon (Not Suppled) Locate Water Rser Underneath or Mandatory Shut-OH Adjacent to Home l Valve(Not Supplied) ,fftiii%i ttfliaft0(i( 5. Install water heater discharge drain.Inspect the drain opening on the water heater to ensure that it is clear of any obstruction. If the home is to be installed on a basement or enclosed crawlspace,install drain pipe connecting the dis- charge from the water heater temperature and pressure relief valve to the out- Using check side or to a sump. valves.Install a check 6. Install water heater drip pan drain.Assure that the drain for the water heat- valve on the water inlet to er drip pan does not terminate under the home. Using the materials provided prevent water system and the accompanying instructions run a drain line from the water heater drip drainage in the event of a pan through the wall or floor to the exterior of the crawl space.Terminate the loss of water pressure from line between six and 24 inches above grade.(Figure 86).Make the termina- the source.Such pressure tion point rodent proof. loss could cause the water heater to drain, exposing the heating elements of • electric water heaters caus- ing them to fail. Figure 86. Water heater drip IP pan and drain III leer Hear .� J Q Exterior ril: Wal Pan 3" L.. ei . —I w.2. Factory. ' , ' n Oreblep C,awNpace J i •erineter Q( Encbsure D Bottom Z Board Flea- instat e ed 2 II.. Dre Ppe Q - .� I 6'to 24' `r =11—ii-i1=.11 tt- 11P — .u. F' .110110111-1•11-II WIT II II 31 G l I I��l II=I I ir- l 4,1 1/8/2016 11:39 AM • 84 dOXOPUIMAME • j 7. Insulate. In areas subject to freezing temperatures,protect with insulation or heat tape pipes,valves and pressure reducers that are exposed to the out- doors;and pipes in water heater compartments with non-insulated doors. Connect heat tape to the electrical outlet under the home near the water sup- ply inlet. Selecting heat tape.Use only pipe-heating cable TESTING (tape)listed for manufac- After connecting the water lines check the water system for leaks using one of the pro- tured homes and install it in cedures described below. Before testing,close all water faucets,spigots,and toilet- accordance with the cable tank float valves. (tape)manufacturer instal- Hydrostatic(preferred): lation instructions. Testingwater lines.Only Bypass water heater.Bypass the hot water heater by disconnecting the hot outlet and cold inlet water lines from the water heater and joining them to- use pneumatic(air)testing gether.This will protect the hot water tank from damage and protect those in- when hydrostatic testing is volved in the test from possible injury. not practical.Air under 2. Pressurize system.Connect a hydrostatic pump,valve,and gauge to the lo- ! pressure is explosive. Ex- cation shown in Figure 85.Pressurize the system with water at 100 psi,and notify extreme caution and then isolate it from the pressure source.Bleed all air from the highest and far- notify all site personnel of thest points in the system. the test.Wear protective eyewear and take precau- 3. Hold pressure.Monitor the pressure for at least 15 minutes. 1 tions to prevent impact 4. Fix leaks.If the pressure drops below 100 psi,locate and correct any leaks damage to the system by cutting out and discarding bad pipe sections or joints and installing new while the test is in progress. pipe or joints with couplings. I Do not pneumatically test 5. Repeat.Repeat the test until all leaks have been eliminated. CPVC systems.Pneumati- cally test Flow Guard Gold Pneumatic: systems only at low pres- sure levels(20psi or 1. Bypass water heater.Bypass the hot water heater by disconnecting the hot less). outlet and cold inlet water lines from the water heater and joining them to- Pressurizing water lines. gether.This will protect the hot water tank from damage and protect those in- When pressurizing the wa- i volved in the test from possible injury. ter system,connect the • 2. Pressurize system.Connect an air pump and pressure gauge to the water pump to a location above a inlet, pressurize the system to 100 psi and isolate the pressure source from closed shut-off valve so as the system. not to introduce pressure 3. Hold pressure.Monitor the pressure for least 15 minutes. If the pressure into the municipal water drops below 100 psi,locate any leaks by applying soapy water to the connec- tions supply. and looking for bubbles. 4. Fix leaks.Correct any leaks by cutting out and discarding bad pipe sections or joints and installing new pipe or joints with couplings. 5. Retest.Repeat the procedure until all leaks have been eliminated. 6. Restore connections.Reconnect the water heater and the water supply. FREEZE PROTECTION FOR UNOCCUPIED HOMES If the home is to be left unheated in cold weather, protect water lines from freezing as follows: 1. Disconnect supply.Turn off the water supply at the main water supply shut- off valve and disconnect the water supply inlet. 2. Drain water heater.Turn off the water heater;if necessary,attach a hose to the drain valve to direct water away from under the home,open the drain valve and drain the tank completely. 2 3. Drain faucets.Open all faucets throughout the home(including the laundry 0) area if plumbed,and any exterior faucets)and let them drain completely. > 4. Drain toilets.Flush toilets and drain water tanks completely. sue- 5. Close faucets.Close all water faucets with the exception of one. j -1 6. Connect compressor.Connect a maximum of 30 psi air supply to the water z inlet connection using a low pressure compressor. 7. Open faucets.With the air supply on the system,open one faucet at a time > throughout the home. . C 8. Disconnect compressor.After the entire system has been drained of all > i r • 1t8t2016 11:39 AM 85 ,• omm > water,disconnect the air supply and close the water inlet valve. II/ 9. Pour anti-freeze.Pour an antifreeze solution into all drain traps,including sinks,tubs,and toilets.Be sure that the antifreeze is safe for the fixtures and P-traps. STEP 3. CONNECT GAS SERVICE CONNECTION k401119:40r If the home uses natural or liquid petroleum gas(LPG,also known as propane)for wa- ter or space heating,cooking or other appliances,follow the procedure described be- Installing gas lines.Only low: qualified professionals may 1. Inspect vents.Assure that all exhaust vents on gas-fired equipment are se- connect and test gas ser- curely connected and that roof jacks and stacks have not come loose during vice. transit and they are properly installed. Derated fuel. Gas utilities in 2. Review appliance instructions.Review each appliance manufacturer's in- high altitude areas may structions before the home is connected to the gas supply.Most gas appli- have already compensated ances are typically configured to operate on natural gas. If the gas supply will the fuel to provide a clean be LPG,consult the appliance manufacturer's instructions to determine what burn at high altitudes. If the changes need to be made. For homes located above 2,000 feet,appliances fuel has been derated,do may require a different orifice. not change the orifice for 3. Remove cap.Remove the protective cap from home inlet pipe and install a the local gCheck with al gas asappliances. full flowcific shut-off valve at the supply inlet(Figure 87). the loca utility for spe- directions. i 4. Install regulator.The gas piping system is designed for a pressure that is at least seven inches of water column(4 oz.per sq in or 0.25 psi)but not more than 14 inches of water column(8 oz. per sq in or 0.5 psi).If gas from any supply source exceeds,or could exceed this pressure,install a regulator if re- quired by the LAHJ. 5. Connect supply.Using matching threaded fittings,connect the gas supply to the inlet side of the shut-off valve. 6. Close valves.Close all valves at appliances prior to opening the main supply IDvalve. Figure 87.Gas service con- nection Full Flow Shutoff Valve Required Floor CD(Supplied By �.L1� Others) is m do G_ Dust Cover Union(Supplied By Others) _.1Source of Gas 4 D Z TESTING Test the gas piping system in the following two ways: 1)piping only and 2)entire sys- Z tern.Consult with the LAHJ for any additional testing or start-up requirements. rdri ii%Ted rAlfd 0 • Before testingis begun,the temperature of the ambient air and the piping should be � 9 P P P 9 Fill gas water heaters.Be- < approximately the same.Conduct the tests when and where air temperatures will re- fore lighting the pilot on a Q i main constant. gas powered water heater, h i Piping only test(all appliances isolated) fill the tank with water. Fail- tn l ure to do so could damage Z i 1. Isolate appliances.Isolate all appliances from the system by closing all ap- pliance shut-off valves. the water heater. 2. Attach gauge.Attach to the home's gas inlet a mercury manometer or slope gauge calibrated in increments of not more than 1110 lb. 1/8/2016 11:39 AM • 86 yd9" ,v'fi�"G"#A g9 140441 ,;1 3. Pressurize system. Using an air compressor,pressurize the system with compressed air to three psi and isolate the pressure source from the system. 4. Monitor pressure.Monitor the pressure for at least 10 minutes. 5. Check for leaks. If pressure drops below three psi,check for leaks by apply- ing a non-corrosive,ammonia-free gas leak detection fluid to the joints at all valves,appliance connections,and crossover connections(do not use dish washing detergents, soap,or other household chemicals). If bubbles form, tighten the connection and recheck. 6, Repair leaks.If leaks persist, replace defective pipes or fittings with sound material and retest. 7. Release pressure. Release pressure and open all appliance shut-off valves. 8. Rinse connections.Thoroughly rinse all tested connections with water to remove leak detection fluid. Entire system test(with appliances) 1. Close appliances.Close all gas equipment controls and pilot light valves ac- cording to the individual gas equipment manufacturer's instructions. 2. Open valves.Assure that gas shut-off valves for all gas equipment are in the open position. 3. Attach gauge.Attach to the home's gas inlet a pressure gauge calibrated in ounces. 4. Pressurize system. Pressurize the system with compressed air to six to eight ounces(3/8 to 1/2 psi,or 10 to 14 inches of water column). 5. Check for leaks.Check for leaks as described above in step 4 of the Piping only test.Replace defective pipes or fittings with sound material and re-test. 6. Rinse connections.Thoroughly rinse all tested connections with water to remove leak detection fluid. GAS APPLIANCE START-UP • Open the shut-off valve for each appliance and adjust the burners according to the ap- pliance manufacturer's instructions.Verify that the furnace and water heater thermo- stats are operating properly and set them to the desired temperatures. STEP 4. CONNECT OIL SERVICE Homes that are equipped with oil burning furnaces must have oil supply piping installed /� and tested on site by a qualified professional in accordance with NFPA 31,Standard 1` WA4 • for the Installation of Oil Burning Equipment,2001 or the requirements of the LAHJ, whichever is more stringent.The home manufacturer does not supply oil piping or Testing oil tanks.All oil tanks. storage tank and piping in- stallations and tests must OIL CONNECTION meet all applicable local Consult the furnace manufacturer's instructions for proper pipe-sizing and installation regulations and should be procedures.Where piping is run through the bottom of the home,ensure all holes in made only by experienced, the bottom board are sealed tight with foam, mastic,and/or tape specially made for that qualified personnel. purpose and made rodent proof. When equipping the home with an oil storage tank,comply with the following: • Install the pipe with a gradual slope toward the fill end or drain plug(if so equipped)to facilitate pumping or draining of water and sludge. • Provide a readily accessible approved manual shut-off valve at the outlet, in- stalled to close against the supply. ua • Equip the tank with an approved oil filter or strainer located downstream from r- the tank shut-off valve. Use a filter or strainer containing a sump with a drain A to trap water. • Equip under ground tanks with a filler neck extending one foot above grade and a minimum 1-1/4 inch diameter vent pipe extending at least two feet above grade. • Locate the tank to be accessible for service and inspection,and safe from fire I = and other hazards.lf the tank is located inside a compartment of the home, i D provide ventilation at the bottom of the compartment to permit diffusion of va- t' • 1I812016 11 39 AM -- --_..-----__-- 87 pors. If the tank is fixed to the home,provide for filling and draining from the i outside. • Insulate interior tanks from the structural members of the home. Provide tanks so installed with an outside fill and vent pipe and an approved liquid level gauge. • Install tanks that feed vaporizing type oil furnaces so that oil flows by gravity. To achieve efficient gravity flow, make sure that the bottom of the tank is at least 18 inches above the furnace oil control level. • Tanks for gun type oil furnaces(these furnaces include a fuel pump)may be installed above or below ground. OIL SYSTEM TESTING Before operating the system,fill the tank to capacity with the fuel to be burned and vis- ually check all joints in the system for leakage.Replace(do not repair)parts that leak. i ► go to prepare Appliances and Equipment' I I i I • J Q D Z M Z I 4 118l2016 11:39 AM • 88 as Prepare Appliances and Equipment This chapter provides instructions for installing and/or preparing appliances and other equipment.While the items below can be completed in any order,the last item,CONDUCT ELECTRICAL TEST,must be done last. INSTALL AIR CONDITIONER OR HEAT PUMP(p.89) • PREPARE HEATING SYSTEM(p.90) INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING EQUIPMENT(p.90) • PREPARE VENTILATION SYSTEM(p. 91) • PREPARE FUEL-BURNING APPLIANCES(p.90) ✓ PREPARE SMOKE ALARMS • PREPARE FIREPLACES(p. 93) ✓ PREPARE KITCHEN AND BATH APPLIANCES!FIXTURES(p.95) • INSTALL EXTERIOR LIGHTING(p. 96) ✓ INSTALL CEILING FANS/LIGHTS(p.96) • TEST ELECTRICAL SYSTEM(p. 97) • INSTALL AIR CONDITIONER OR HEAT PUMP (if applicable) CENTRAL UNITS r.driker/10.Z Install split system or unitary central air conditioners and/or heat pumps as follows: 1. Check suitability.Check the home's Comfort Cooling Certificate(may be in- j Use listed appliances.All cluded with the data plate)to confirm that the home is suitable for installation applicable appliances must of central air. If so,note the air distribution system's rated duct capacity ( be listed or certified by a (BTU/hr), any equipment sizing guidance provided by the manufacturer and nationally recognized test- information provided to calculate the home's heat gain. ing agency for the applica- 2. Select equipment.Select equipment with a rated heating capacity(BTU/hr) tion for which the unit is in- not exceeding the maximum indicated on the home's data plate and a rated tended and installed in ac- cooling capacity sized in accordance with Chapter 28 of the 1997 ASHRAE cordance with the terms of Handbook of Fundamentals or ACCA Manual J, Residential Cooling Load,8th its listing or certification. edition. Information needed to calculate the home's heat gain can be found on Properly sizing equipment. the home's comfort cooling certificate.Choose equipment with a minimum cir- Oversized cooling cuit amperage(found on the equipment rating plate)no greater than the equipment can lower branch circuit rating of the exterior air conditioning receptacle(indicated on energy efficiency, reduce the adjacent tag), if present. comfort,shorten equipment 3. Install A-coil.When installing a cooling A-coil in a down-flow furnace that in- l life,and may cause UPJ corporates a fresh air intake duct, position the duct in the furnace cavity ac- i moisture problems in the '— cording to the furnace manufacturer's instructions. ; home(including potentially damaging the home's structure). Sizing guidance is provided by the Manufactured Housing Research Alliance Cooling Equipment Sizing Guidelines available at wwwzrairattomeJurn. • 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 89 �I M PREPARE HEATING SYSTEM If the home does not contain a factory installed heating appliance, install a remote heating appliance according to INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING EQUIPMENT, p. 90. Prepare fuel -burning heating systems included with the home as follows: 1. Inspect for damage. Inspect the furnace and report any damage to the home manufacturer. 2. High altitude. If the home is located more than 2,000 feet above sea level or as indicated in the furnace manufacturer's instructions, derate gas furnaces 4% for each 1,000 feet above sea level. This work must be done by a qualified (and in some jurisdictions, licensed) technician. 3. Convert for LPG gas. If LPG gas (propane) will be used, convert the appli- ance from natural gas to LPG gas use. Conversion must be made by a quali- fied and (if required by the LAHJ) licensed technician. 4. Install intake air pipe. Consult the appliance manufacturer's instructions for maximum allowable pipe run length, requirements for air dampers, locations relative to expected snow levels (check with the LAHJ for expected snow lev- els), acceptable materials, pipe supports, and pipe termination requirements. 5. Install flue. For combustion appliances, install the flue roof cap and stack as- sembly as described in PREPARE FIREPLACES, Chimneys (p. 93). INSTALL REMOTE HEATING; AND COOLING EQUIPMENT Install remote units in compliance with all heating and cooling equipment requirements in this chapter above and the following: 1. Locate connections to the home. Find the manufacturer -installed connect- ors, labels, or tags under the home indicating the required connection points for supply and return air. If connectors are not provided nor location indicated, select a supply duct location such that there are approximately equal numbers of supply registers forward and rear of the connection point. Locate the return duct in the center of the home. 2. Install ducts. Install the appropriate supply and return ducts (not provided) between the remote unit and the home (Figure 89), making connections ac- cording to the instructions for crossover ducts in Crossover Connections (p. 59). 3. Install dampers. If installing a remote cooling unit in a home with a factory in- stalled furnace, install dampers between the furnace and the home's air duct system, and between the remote unit and the home's air duct system to pre- vent warm air in heating mode from escaping to the remote cooling unit and vice versa. 4. Connect wiring. Install a thermostat containing a fan switch. Connect utilities in accordance with all manufacturer's instructions and local codes. 5. Seal penetrations. Repair or replace all floor insulation disturbed during the duct installation and seal holes in the bottom board using foam, mastic, or tape specially made for that purpose. &**ZZ Selecting A -coils. Use only A -coil units compatible and listed for use with the fur- nace in the home and in- stalled in accordance with the furnace manufacturer's instructions. Installing flue stacks with a hinged roof. If flue stack components are installed above the finish roof line (as is often the case with hinged roofs), an Alterna- tive Construction letter is normally required along with a follow-up inspection. Contact the factory for guidance. Venting appliances to the outside. Vent to the exteri- or of the home all combus- tion appliances except ranges and ovens. Selecting ducts. Exterior ductwork for remote units must be provided by the in- staller or HVAC contractor. Ducts must be approved for exterior installation and should be wrapped with in- sulation of at least R-4 un- der a vapor barrier with a perm rating of not greater than one. (For ENERGY STAR homes, the R-value must be at least that speci- fied on the manufacturer's ENERGY STAR Site Instal- lation Checklist —generally a minimum of R-6 or R-8.) • • • i,. ,,:-.....:,1: :,,5w0„,*'AtiSItiiiittot lo,,,,,.(4,7,-,4,:,-2,..- r Figure 88. Remote unit damper locations . nace Fur I o /(...-I Exterior Rd Dampers Remote UM Home J no-conanionirq or Figure 89.Ducts connecting Heating Equipment exterior heating and/or cool- supply I,.,_Marriage SLIPPY Ream ing equipment to the home Duct Line Duct Duct l .,f 1 1 J 1 ±t — • .V �•�{'JA1 •.1�•J•:•• 3•}1'1'J•�:r�{1�'s'•'i1� .:rfyh Support Straps at uppod Block 4u in.O.C.Mirnnum Minimum Clearance Behveen Ducts and Ground to be4in. PREPARE VENTILATION SYSTEM Prepare the whole-house ventilation system according to the ventilation system manu- r facturer's instructions.Confirm that any fresh air intake ducts extend to the exterior and do not draw air from the crawlspace under the home. Do not allow any fresh air ventila- Choosing pipe lengths. tion intake ducts to become kinked or restricted,forming a trap(Figure 89). The appliance manufactur- er may designate the length PREPARE FUEL-BURNING APPLIANCES of the pipe run based on WATER HEATER the pipe diameter and the The water heater discharge and drip pan drains should have been installed in Connect number of turns in the pipe Utilities(p.83). run. In homes with direct-vent water heaters(that utilize gas,oil,or other combustion fuel), Venting exhaust systems. Exhaust vents must extend and where the water heater is not independently vented to the exterior through a grilled H opening, to the home's exterior p g, provide combustion air either—1)from outside the home and through the through skirting.Terrina- skirting,or 2)through the roof via a double-walled flue pipe. Providing air from the tion of the dryer exhaust outside may be accomplished with either of two methods: underneath the home can a. Using a combination air duct system that is listed for use with the water heater cause condensation and installed in the home and installed in accordance with the instructions moisture damage to the provided,or home. Lint and dust accu- mulation can ignite,causing b. Using the termination through the floor as constructed in the factory. The a fire.The exhaust system installation instructions for the water heater must allow this method,the must not contain reverse termination must be free of any obstructions such as brush,and the slope. ventilation through the skirting must provide a minimum of one square inch for every 4000 Btuh rating of the water heater or a minimum of 15 square inches. 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 91 �sf 4111/ DRYER VENTS If the home includes a clothes dryer,the components for ventilating the dryer are in- cluded with the home(but not necessarily installed)and a vent opening has been roughed in either in the wall or floor. (If a dryer is not installed,seal all dryer vent open- ings). Run the dryer vent to the outside through the exterior wall or through the floor to a point beyond the perimeter of the home, using materials approved by the clothes dryer man- ufacturer(see Figure 90). Vent Below Floor Vent Through Exterior Well Figure 90. Clothes dryer Empw wm, clampro ventilation ductwork through Rigid Duct vent Cap -title or Flex Duct floor(left)or exterior wall (r ght) Clampto Dryer CS Wall Exterior '_ Connecli , , MI *if 5■h5 r Dryer Vent Cap SMMi__ Clampto Seal BolAam Vent Cap l�,'.339011101011Mlii; Boats Clamp to Dryer ,w Elbow WAh Connection Dryer Vast ,• Rigid Duct Cep Support Strap Rigid or Flex Duct Wood Frame Secured to Bottom of Rim Plate or Install Through Skirting Install the vent as follows: • 1. Remove temporary caps.Remove any temporary seals and duct caps fromF#A ziorAthe vent rough openings. 2. Install ductwork.Install ductwork using clamps(do not use screws or other Avoid damaging structural fasteners that penetrate into the duct)and support the duct with metal straps elements.Do not cut or connected to the floor joists or chassis at two feet o.c.or less.Ensure duct otherwise damage structur- connections are internally overlapped to prevent inhibiting the flow of air and al elements such as floor thereby causing lint accumulation. joists or wall studs for the 3. Install cap and damper.Install an approved dryer vent cap with damper on installation of the dryer ex- the exterior termination of the duct.If the vent terminates at skirting,secure haust system. the cap to framing or skirting with sheet metal screws and seal edges with Gas.Ventilation components caulk or sealant.If the vent terminates through a wall,apply a bead of sealant that may be included with to the back of the cap around the opening and secure with sheet metal screws the home for an electric to metal,hardboard or fiber cement siding or with wood screws to a mount dryer may not be accepta- block for vinyl siding. ble for gas dryers.Consult 4. Seal opening.Seal openings inside and outside of the home including at the the gas dryer manufacturer floor,interior walls, siding and skirting(with caulk),and at the bottom board instructions. using foam, mastic and/or tape specially made for that purpose. 2 O GAS DRYERS If the home was not fitted for a gas dryer,installing one requires substantial alteration to the home.Gas supply piping and adequate venting must be provided as specified by Installing ducts. the dryer manufacturer and installed by a trained professional.Do not cut major strut- Keep ductwork straight and co tural elements to accommodate a gas dryer. smooth as possible without excess slack.Slope it slightly downward towards the exterior to facilitate moisture drainage. 1/8/2016 11:39 AM • 92 • er PREPARE SMOKE ALARMS The home has several factory installed smoke alarms that are wired to a 120-volt circuit. If the home was designed for placement on a basement,an additional alarm is provided for installation at a pre-wired location under the home.Connect the basement smoke alarm to its circuit and test all alarms as follows: 1. Check circuit.Ensure that electrical power to the home is activated and that the smoke alarm circuit is on. A green light illuminated on the cover of the alarm indicates the alarm has 120V power. 2. Test alarms with AC Power.Verify that backup batteries are installed and any protective tabs have been removed. Press the test button on each alarm sequentially.All alarms should sound simultaneously when the test button on any one smoke alarm is pressed. Replace any alarms that do not sound with the same brand as those installed elsewhere in the home and retest. 3. Test alarms with DC Power. Disconnect the alarms from the AC power source(trip the appropriate breaker in the panel box). Repeat the testing in step 2 for every alarm.If any alarm emits a periodic"chirping"sound this indicates that the batteries for that alarm should be replaced. 4. Restore power.Reconnect the alarms to the AC power source by switching on the appropriate breaker. i PREPARE FIREPLACES Install chimneys,chimney flashing and roofing,fireplace combustion air inlets,and hearths according to the manufacturer's instructions and the procedures described below. CHIMNEYS Fireplace and wood stoves may require on-site installation of additional sections of approved chimney pipe,a spark arrestor,and a rain cap assembly. Follow the • manufacturer's instructions and the procedures described below: 1. Remove coverings.Remove protective materials covering the roof flashing and any foreign material from the installed part of the chimney. 2. Install chimney pipe.Assemble and seal the chimney per the fireplace or wood stove manufacturer's installation instructions and if there is a conflict between the instructions and the figure,follow the instructions.To assure sufficient draft for proper operation,extend the chimney at least three feet above the highest point where it penetrates the roof and at least two feet higher than any surface within 10 feet of the chimney(Figure 92). Use additional section(s)of chimney pipe(not provided)if required by local code or if the site has obstructions within 10 feet of the chimney. 3. Install shingles.Install shingles up to the edge of the flue cut-out in the roof deck.Secure shingles installed under the roof flashing with asphalt cement. 4. Install flashing.Place flashing over pipe section and shingles and set in as- phalt cement.Secure flashing to roof deck at top two corners with roofing nails. 5. Complete shingles.Cut shingles in successive courses to fit around the pipe and embed them in asphalt cement where they overlap the flashing.Secure shingles with roofing nails through flashing and apply asphalt cement over nail heads.The completed installation should appear as shown in Figure 93,with the lower part of the flange overlapping the lower shingles and the side and upper shingles overlapping the flange. ( • I i1i 1l$t241 B i 1:39 AM 93 il a Ate. 4ti 1�a Figure 91.Chimney and on e combustion air intake duct TIinstallation r+a.wwr9,. © � 3 tewnwsts ado Selecting the appropriate �"* flue.Wood fireplaces use larger diameter flues than gas fireplaces.Make sure flue matches the appliance type.Gas fireplaces cannot burn wood because the flue is too small and smoke will back up into the home. If wood fireplaces are con- verted to gas the flue will be too large resulting in ex- cessive heat loss through It to the chimney. P A t I 1 t. . „.e.._ s.,,. II N ti At Hoe wows natal f Less TnanlaJ Figure 92.Chimney clear- • milli 11 ance 111 f 12'Min llllll 5'Min �'Mn 10' 3'Min. Figure 93.Roof flashing and -J Push Down 0 shingle installation around Caulk. Roof Shingles Shingles Overlap 0 .I, ng Upper and Side Flange and Are Set In chimney z r Flange Asphalt Cement Flange `� Storm Colar a.I11111�� Flas Wg _MEM_ Z � �� \ i'Tnm With SheaM�l Flue Pipe Overt pad of Flange Shi h- Sheri H OFJ.fi Ta Mace Overlaps Lower Shingle Z Flashing Lay Fla On Roof I 1 1 I i 1/8/2016 i 9:39 AM 94110 t Y; COMBUSTION AIR INLETS Combustion air inlets provide combustion air through the floor or an exterior wall to ari YAdri PA combustion appliance.If through an exterior wall,site installation is not required.If • through the floor combustion air must be provided from outside the home and through { Installing combustion air the skirting. Using a combustion air duct system,as shown in Figure 91,that is listed inlets.Do not install the for use with the fireplace provided with the home and installed in accordance with the combustion air inlet such instructions provided. ( that material from the Locate the inlet damper above expected snow levels.(Contact the LAHJ for snow i hearth can drop beneath levels). I the home. Follow the fireplace manufacturer's instructions in all cases(typically in the fireplace/stove or with the chimney parts). HEARTHS If shipped loose, install the fireplace hearth according to the fireplace manufacturer's j instructions. PREPARE KITCHEN AND BATH APPLIANCES / FIXTURES Install kitchen and bath appliances according to the manufacturer's instructions and the r procedures described for each appliance below. { ' Aril' COOKING APPLIANCES Installing exhaust ducts. If the home is provided with a range,cook top and/or grill containing its own exhaust I Route exhaust ducts so system that penetrates the floor,complete the exhaust system as follows: they do not terminate be- 1. Remove covers.Remove the cover on the factory-installed exhaust pipe pro- Heath the home. truding from beneath the floor near the appliance. 2. Install termination fitting.Secure the provided termination fitting at the outside edge of the floor. 3. Install duct. Use the provided flexible metallic duct to connect the elbow pro- truding from the floor and the termination fitting. Refer to the manufacturer's installation instructions for guidance on supporting the duct and making the connections. SITE-INSTALLED GAS APPLIANCES Install only appliances with a Btu capacity equivalent to or less than the capacity of the factory-installed piping and at the location of a factory-installed gas riser. REFRIGERATOR Prepare the refrigerator as follows: • Remove straps,blocks,or other securement devices used for shipping and patch any resulting marks on floors or walls. • If the refrigerator has an icemaker,check water lines for leaks upon installa- tion and a few days later to make sure no leaks have developed. SITE-INSTALLED APPLIANCES AND FIXTURES LL ISt If sinks,tubs,showers or other fixtures or appliances are to be site-installed,follow the manufacturer's installation instructions. Use only products listed for use in manufactured homes and follow all applicable local codes. I €H 0 ridrA Lighting installation.A qualified electrician should install lighting. Before con- necting lighting,disconnect power to the lighting circuit. 1/8/201611:39 AM 95 o, sF+ a 6 f� • Ground all exterior light fix- INSTALL EXTERIOR LIGHTING tures. Install exterior lighting according to Figure 94 and the following: Using a non-combustible 1. Remove cover. Remove the screws and cover from electrical junction box. ring. Install a non- combustible ring completely 2. Install flash ring.Place the non-combustible flash ring over the junction box. covering any combustible 3. Connect wires.Connect fixture wires to house wires in the box,black to surfaces the fixtures may black,white to white,and equipment ground to equipment ground,using listed be mounted on(e.g.hard- wire connectors. Push wires into the box. board,clad wood and vinyl 4. Connect fixtures.Connect the fixture to the junction box or strap using siding),or when ceiling ma- screws provided with the light fixture. terial is exposed between 5. Weatherproof.Weatherproof/caulk around the base of the fixture, leaving a the ight fixture canopy and j small gap in the caulking on the bottom to permit drainage of water that may the unction box. accumulate. 6. Complete installation.Install bulb and globe on the fixture and verify proper operation. Figure 94.Exterior lighting Non-C embus tiblaRig WlreRan -+- 1 WTY4® ireN connection (If Reeuiey , Wire TYP of Swltl Ni FixtureCag5 1 'iril ikk Vii\OrAlleZ :��. Installing ceiling fans.A I11 �'�W / qualified electrician should �� install lighting and fans. Be- fore connecting the ceiling r'efwl Nr Gr W iq Cor4tiy �nncr°n ea fan or light,disconnect wbe o o,ner Farr• power to the fan wires.Any unit installed outside of the • home(such as in a porch INSTALL CEILING FANS/LIGHTS ceiling)shall be listed for Install ceiling fans no closer than 36 inches to a smoke alarm,measured fro the tip of wet locations. m the fan blade to the alarm and with the trailing edges of the blades at least six feet-four Choosing ceiling fan inches above the finished floor.Comply with all fan manufacturers'instructions and the junction boxes. Connect requirements below. ceiling fans only to junction boxes listed and marked for CEILING FAN/LIGHT MOUNTED TO FACTORY-INSTALLED ELECTRICAL BOX ceiling fan applications in IN CEILING accordance with Article Before installing the unit,make sure that adequate structural bracing is present in the 314.27(b)of 2005 NEC. ceiling. If uncertain,check with the manufacturer. Follow the fan or light manufacturer's Always ground metal instructions to connect the unit and complete the wiring. If the instructions are not junction boxes. J available,connect the wiring as shown in Figure 95. Selecting fan weight. Do not use any ceiling fans or Z light fixtures that exceed Q ( the weight rating of the box (35 lbs unless otherwise z noted). < V144*.A If rAfA • CO Z Grounding electrical 4 devices. Ground fans/1ights using a fixture- grounding device or a fixture-grounding wire as specified in the manufacturer's instructions 96 1/8/2016 11:39 AM • l4 3 s Ground 6Mre ._ I Figure 95. Wiring fora ceil- ing fan or chain-hung light Tr1•� - �11 �T.�� fixture with a maximum Color coded I ,�'� Go weight of 35 Ibs Wire I Wire Nut .1', � Ilrg I Ceitirg Box j I: U ill 7111111111'2Pr" Mounting Limited or i Screw Ring ncomRgiile Ri (If Required) Chain TEST ELECTRICAL SYSTEM After completion of all electrical wiring and connections, including crossovers,appli- ances, lights,and ceiling fans,inspect and test the electrical system as follows: 1. Fill water heater. Fill water heater before turning on power to the home or switching on the circuit breaker. 2. Test continuity.Before turning on the electrical power to the home,conduct an electrical continuity test to ensure that exposed metallic parts of the home and the chassis are effectively bonded. Check continuity as follow: • Between chassis frame and metal gas piping • Between chassis frame and metal water piping(if any) • Between chassis frame and metal raceway below electrical panel box • Between one riser of metal heat duct and convenient ground Investigate and correct any loss of grounding continuity. NOTE—Continuity is not required on metal inlet of plastic piped water system. When plumbing fixtures such as metallic sinks,tubs,faucets and shower ris- • ers are connected only to plastic water piping and plastic drain piping,continu- ity to ground is not required. 3. Test operation.After turning on the electrical power to the home,conduct operational tests of all devices(except water heaters,electric ranges,electric furnaces,dishwashers,clothes washers/dryers,and portable appliances)to demonstrate that they are connected and in working order. Install light bulbs if not already installed and check fixture for proper operation. Correct any de- fective situations discovered. 4. Test receptacle polarity.After turning on the electrical power to the home, conduct electrical polarity checks on all receptacles to determine that there are no conditions of reversed polarity,open grounds or shorts. Repair or re- place any defective receptacles or wiring. ► go to Complete Exterior Work(p. 98) Z its 3 z • 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 97 11 Complete Exterior Work This chapter covers sealing the bottom board,installing the ground cover and skirting,preparing wind protection shutters, and completing site-built structures. II ` STEP 1. REPAIR AND SEAL BOTTOM BOARD(p.98) • STEP 2. INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER(p.98) I • STEP 3.INSTALL SKIRTING(p.99) 1 1 r 1 1 STEP 4. ASSEMBLE OPTIONAL WIND PROTECTION SHUTTERS(p. 100) ✓ STEP 5.COMPLETE SITE-BUILT STRUCTURES(p. 101) STEP 1. REPAIR AND SEAL BOTTOM BOARD Tears and openings in the bottom board can result from transportation or installation I 1 FAriril\Or AdiFir 1 activities. Inspect for holes and gaps the entire bottom board,especially areas around service penetrations,crossover connections, pipe and duct hangers,foundation ele- • ments,and the perimeter of the floor. Using approved materials appropriate for the type Sealing bottom boards.A of repair,repair the bottom board wherever torn or loosened as follows: continuous and sealed bot- tom board is critical for 1. Insulate.Replace any missing insulation prior to closure and repair of the bot- home performance,energy torn board,paying particular attention to insulation gaps that may have been efficiency,protection created at P-traps. against moisture problems, 2. Repair large openings.Repair large openings with a durable patch made of prevention of pipe freezing, 1 bottom board fabric or other compatible material and fastened with vinyl bot- and protection against in- torn board tape held in place by fasteners installed with a divergent stapler. sects and rodents. Seal the edges around patches with foam or mastic. For large openings,in- Bottom board sealing stall a rigid backer board behind the bottom board to provide a fastening sub- methods.Tapes shall nev- 1 strate for the patch. er be used alone to repair a I 3. Repair small openings. Repair small gaps and tears with a combination of bottom board. Divergent 1 vinyl bottom board tape, patches,mastic, or foam sealant. staples or mastic must be C used in tandem with tape to 2 STEP 2, INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER j prevent future tear off. f If the space under the home is to be enclosed with skirting or other materials,a ground Fastening vinyl siding.Do zmoisture retarder of a minimum six mil thick polyethylene sheeting or equivalent must j not install fasteners directly C be installed covering the ground under the home. Moisture retarders are not required in into vinyl siding.Allow for h arid regions(less than 15 inches of rainfall annually)with dry soil conditions. If on- siding thermal expansion `Z grade(surface)footings are used,install the ground moisture retarder prior to placing by pre-drilling minimum 1/2 the footings,or install it around the footings after all other work under the home is corn- inch diameter fastener F plete. holes or fastening skirting v to a ledger under the home • Install the ground moisture retarder as follows: (see Best Practice tip). 3 i 1. Apply sheeting.Unroll the ground moisture overlapping joints in the sheeting a minimum of 12 inches and covering the entire area under the home except for areas under recessed entries,decks,and porches. 2. Seal joints.Seal joints in the retarder with mastic. Avoiding radon. 98 1/8/2016 11:39 AM • I i: L 4F9ii Y V • 3. Weigh down.To keep the retarder in place,weigh it down with stones,concrete For enclosed perimeter wall blocks,or other heavy,durable materials. crawlspace foundations in 4. Repair tears.Repair any voids or tears in the retarder by patching with like ma- areas where radon is corn- terial, maintaining a minimum 12-inch overlap and sealing joints with mastic. c oonttinue thehe in fe the soil, c moisture re- tarder up the perimeter wall at least 12 inches,sealing the edges and between the STEP 3. INSTALL SKIRTING seams with mastic. Skirting is any structural or non-structural perimeter crawlspace enclosure.Complete site-built structures(see STEP 5.COMPLETE SITE-BUILT STRUCTURES,p.101) that abut the home(such as porches,attached garages,and steps)prior to installing skirting. FA s TABLE 33.SKIRTING SYSTEM MATERIALS SPECIFICATIONS I Avoid backfilling against Component Specification j skirting.Do not backfill I against non-structural skirt- Skirting must be of weather-resistant materials or provided with protection ! ing. against weather deterioration at least equivalent to that provided by a coat- ing of zinc on steel of not less than 0.30 oz per sq ft of surface coated. ? FVA AgrilA. Skirting Skirting made from wood or wood products and used within six inches of the ground needs to be made of materials naturally resistant to decay and I I '.. termite infestation or pressure-treated. Skirting and decks.Homes Ventilation openings must be covered for their full height and width with a i with open slatted decking perforated(1/4 inch maximum opening in any dimension)corrosion and I (recessed entries, porches, Vents weather-resistant covering that is designed to prevent the entry of rodents. '± ' or decks)must have skirt- In areas subject to freezing,the ventilation openings must also be of the ing or foundation behind adjustable type,permitting them to be in the open or closed position,de- j these areas to prevent wa- pending on the climatic conditions. ' ter from draining back un- i der the home. To design and install skirting,comply with the skirting manufacturer's instructions(if provided)and the following: Freezing climates.Skirting • 1. Configure skirting.Run the skirting along the perimeter of the home's heat- should not be relied upon to ed,conditioned space.Do not enclose with skirting areas under recessed en- ! prevent freezing of the tries, porches,or decks(whether constructed as part of the home or added on plumbing underneath the site)unless skirting is of the fully vented type and installed so as to allow wa- home. Neither should skirt- ing be relied upon to re- ter to freely flow out from under the home. duce the need for frost pro- 2. Fasten skirting.Attach skirting to the home in a manner that prevents water tection of the footings as from being trapped between the siding or trim and the skirting or forced up in- described elsewhere in this to the wall cavities trim to which it is attached. Allow for frost heave when in- manual. ' stalling skirting in areas subject to frost. I Ventilation importance. 3. Provide ventilation.Unless the skirting has integral ventilation openings that The area under the home meet the following ventilation requirements, install equally sized ventilation must be properly ventilated r openings on at least two opposite sides of the foundation.Size ventilation ar- to minimize the accumula- ea to equal at least one square foot for each 150 square feet of under-floor tion of moisture. Failure to area(or for each 1,500 square feet if a ground moisture retarder is installed provide adequate ventila- according to STEP 2.INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER,p.98). I tion may result in moisture Place vents as high above the ground as practical. migration into the home it- 4. Install access. Provide an access opening not less than 18 inches wide and self resulting in high hu- 24 inches high and located so that any utility connections located under the midity,formation of con- home are accessible. j densation,and even ice on 2" 5. Extend vents,drains,and inlets.Run appliance exhaust vents,combustion cold surfaces. to air inlets,and air conditioner condensation drains through the skirting to the I r outside and terminate each as instructed in the sections of this manual corre- r- sponding to each appliance. --t (p z D z m r- I 0 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 99 err.aj �, r. . STEP 4. ASSEMBLE OPTIONAL WIND PROTECTION SHUTTERS A If desired,prepare temporary protective window covers for use during severe wind Window protection.This storms and hurricanes according to Figure 96,Figure 97,Table 34,and the procedure home has not been below. equipped with storm Sheathing shown in Table 34 must be labeled"APA Rated Sheathing, Exterior"or shutters or other protective equivalent. Where any portion of the window or sliding glass door opening is within 3 coverings for the windows feet of the corner of the home, use the appropriate"corner"materials as shown in Ta- and door openings.Even ble 34. For ease of removal,it is recommended that all nailing for the shutters be done though the windows and with double-headed nails. doors have been approved for use in the wind zone for After use, remove shutters from the home,patch nail holes in the home with caulk and which the home is labeled, store them for possible reuse. it is strongly recommended that all exterior glass(in any window or door)be protected by the shutters shown in this step. Window width Figure 96. Wind Protection 1 Shutters Constructed of Sheathing 410 r 1 Opening wall A A framing Glass 48" Face grain direction max. —►ri—1"min.from edge • of sheathing • Structural sheathing • Face grain direction I • I Section A-A a \ —P-1 4" � \\ Fasteners Z (Typical) (see table) Q 2 Zi C Q ' '.E Z mp` R fy * t r. 33105 a, �a •t` f ChA*tN'`; " 100 1!8t2016 11:39 AM • Lumber Figure 97. Wind Protection ` (see table) Shutters Constructed of I Lumber Fasteners (see table) l r 1- - r Opening wall E�®• ! -- framing Glass III 11 I1;1 u. "t7t'ES ?1:',r*,.�. , 1.11 li ILI B B .1 x ,i 2 X 6 Lumber 1.1 I I 11.1 Section B-B i!i I I I I.ir t" firs" INMEINIMI t ht,z. Window width TABLE 34. SHUTTER CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS Wind Zone II Wind Zone II Wind Zone II or III (non-corners) (corners) (corners or non-corners) Window Shutter Shutter Shutter width material Fastening material Fastening Material Fastening 1 layer 2 layers 1st layer Up to 36" 15/32"sheathing 15/32'sheathing 20d nails 2x6#2 SPF 32/16 span rating 32/16 span rating at 4"oc • 13 nails 20d nails 1 layer (0.131"x 4") 2 layers (0.131"x 4") Up to 48" 23/32 sheathing at 4,,cc 23/32"sheathing 2nO layer 2x6#2 SPF 3 each at each 46/24 span rating 48/24 span rating sod nails along edges end of board 1 layer 2 layers (0.131"x5") Up to 72" 1-1/8"sheathing 1-1/8"sheathing at 3"oc 2x6#2 SPF 48"oc span rating 1. 48"oc span rating along edges STEP 5. COMPLETE SITE-BUILT STRUCTURES Install site-built structures such as steps, landings,garages,awnings,carports, P.:1,44\firAlfA breezeways,porches,decks,railings,sheds,and utility rooms according to manufac • - turer's instructions(if any), in compliance with all local regulations including fire separa- tion and electrical requirements,and according to the following: Designing site-built struc- tures.All site-built struc- r • Do not obstruct any of the two required exit doors from the home. tures must support their • Construct site-built structures to be structurally independent unless provided ! own dead,live, and wind for in the design of the home(instructions will be provided by the manufactur- loads and must not er). The only connections to the home should be for appearance or water transmit any loads to the 11* drainage and should not transmit any loads to any part of the home. home's structure.All car- ports,awnings and patio a • Do not damage the integrity of the home's structural or weatherproofing sys- tfi tem.Seal any weatherproofing connections between the site-built structure covers should be free D and the home and flash any roof connections. standing. r D • Utilize only GFCI outlets for site-built structures. -„I • Install and test smoke alarms in any site-built structures according to local ,0 code. z • Any site built structure must provide its own heating and cooling,light and i" ventilation,and egress means independent of the manufactured home. 1 ;C e x f f !r- ill' go to Prepare Home for Occupancy(p. 102) ' W • 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 101 1 110 Prepare Home for Occupancy Follow these steps for final inspection and completion of the home. °� .. .. STEP 1.VERIFY ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION(A/C)INSPECTION(p. 102) I V STEP 2.COMPLETE INSPECTION CHECKLIST(p. 102) T STEP 3.COMPLETE ENERGY STAR CHECKLIST(p. 102) I STEP 4.CLEAN THE HOME(p. 102) STEP 1. VERIFY ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION (A/C) INSPECTION This is normally the responsibility of the retailer and the manufacturer, however,the in- stallation is not complete until the alternative construction inspection has been passed and documented. STEP 2. COMPLETE INSPECTION CHECKLIST After all previous steps have been accomplished,inspect the home to verify that it has been completely and properly installed using the checklist starting on p. 103. Correct any deficiencies found, if possible,or if not possible, inform the retailer or man- ufacturer immediately. • STEP 3. COMPLETE ENERGY STAR CHECKLIST For ENERGY STAR qualified homes(check with the retailer or manufacturer),this step is to be completed by the manufacturer's designated representative.Ask the retailer or the manufacturer who this is. The manufacturer's representative must complete the Energy Star Site Installation Checklist,obtain signatures on the ENERGY STAR label,and return the completed ENERGY STAR Site Installation Checklist to the manufacturing plant. STEP 4. CLEAN THE HOME Remove and properly dispose of all installation-generated dust,debris,and packaging materials from the home and the surrounding property. Ensure that the home is in "move-in"condition. z Insta#Ia I Z O CO CO 2 4 1/8/2016 11:39 AM • 102 yemilrowi, s• itato,„ Complete Installation Checklist USE THIS CHECKLIST TO CONFIRM THAT THE LISTED ASPECTS OF THE IN- STALLATION ARE COMPLETE AND CORRECT. FOUNDATION • Footings properly sized and constructed for the soil conditions • Pier spacing per data plate and applicable table and roof load zone • Piers properly constructed and vertical • Perimeter blocking installed(if required) • Piers at each side of large sidewall openings • Center line piers installed at columns rAlriNirAerdrA - Shims in place and tight Limits of the checklist.This ANCHORS I checklist is not all-inclusive. • Approved anchors are used € Some homes have • Anchors are installed at correct angles j important features not listed here.Completing this • Anchor spacing and installation correct checklist does not • Longitudinal ties installed(if required) guarantee that all installation requirements • Anchor straps are tensioned have been met. UNDER THE HOME • Moisture retarder installed • The ground is properly graded to prevent water accumulation • • HVAC ducts are supported off the ground and connected tightly to collars at all ends • Fireplace combustion air intake free and unrestricted • No holes or tears in bottom board • Skirting has been installed per manufacturer's instructions with proper venting and provision for frost heave • Dryer vent,range/cook top exhaust,water heater temperature and pressure overflow pipe and AC condensate drain installed to perimeter of crawl space EXTERIOR • Shingled roofs are free of visible damage and serious defects and there are no missing or loose shingles • Shingle close-up and ridge cap have been completed per applicable details • All hold down straps on shingled roofs have been removed and staple holes have been properly sealed • Penetrations at roof stacks,vents and chimneys have been properly sealed i I • Siding and trim is free of gaps,voids, missing fasteners,damage,and serious defects.All seams are sealed and hardboard edges are sealed • Drip edge and fascia is properly installed and free of damage and serious defects r- • Gutters and downspouts are installed properly such that water is diverted away from the home • Trees and bushes have been trimmed to prevent brushing against the home in windy conditions or under snow loads • The HUD label is exposed,intact and legible • The exterior of the home and immediate surroundings is clean,clear of construction materials,dust,and debris • 1/8/2016 1 1:39 AM 103 4 p VifeekilStnittaigMeit INTERIOR • Ceilings,walls,and floor coverings are free from damage and serious defects • Carpeting is properly stretched and seamed • All trim and molding is installed properly and free of damage and defects • All cabinets,countertops,plumbing fixtures,appliances,furnishings,and window coverings are free of damage or serious defects • All cabinet doors and drawers work properly • All interior and exterior doors and windows open,close,and latch properly • One window in each bedroom meets emergency egress requirements, has operating instruction labels on it,and operates properly • All temporary shipping hardware has been removed • Floors are level • The data plate is intact and legible • Smoke alarms have been tested • The interior of the home is clean,clear of materials,dust,and debris WATER AND DRAIN SYSTEMS • Crossover and service connection and splices have been properly made with correct materials • Water and drain lines are insulated or otherwise protected from freezing • Pipe supports are installed and properly spaced • Proper slope has been maintained on all drain lines • All necessary inspections and tests have been performed • • All sinks,basins,tubs,and toilets operate properly • All hot and cold water lines are properly connected to fixtures,dispense water as labeled,and operate properly ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS • The panel amperage matches the connection to the home • The home has been properly grounded • The main power supply has been properly connected and tested by a licensed electrician • All electrical crossovers have been connected • All receptacles,switches,and light fixtures operate properly • Ground fault circuit interrupters operate properly • All exterior lights have been properly installed GAS/FUEL OIL SYSTEMS • The gas system pressure test has been conducted 0 • Connections between units are properly made with access as required • The main fuel line has been properly connected and tested by a qualified technician APPLIANCE OPERATING AND VENTING z • All appliances are working properly • Appliance venting is in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions • Fresh air intakes are properly installed • Whole house,kitchen,and bath exhaust fan operation are correct • Fireplace chimney stack extension and roof cap have been installed in 104 11812016 11:39 AM • accordance with the manufacturer's instructions • Air conditioner/heat pump is sized properly I MISCELLANEOUS • Installation/anchoring certificates or seals have been issued and installed(if required) • Owner's and operation manuals are available for all appliances • This installation manual is left with home III • I r i t 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 105 Ar tftstailation • CHANGES TO THE MANUAL SINCE THE LAST PUBLICATION The table below lists the locations in the manual where text,data,or figures were altered or amended from the previous publication. Page Chapter Step Change Reason for Change Removing shipping protection. Remove shipping protection and hold-down strapping from roof. Repair or Replace any damaged shingles in accordance with the shingle manufacturer's application 54 Complete Roof and Mar in instructions. tRomovo all ctaploc Different shingle manufacturer's Exterior Walls 9 have their own specific repairs chinglo A,.lifting the upper shin.e long ac a^y holes in the lowor 73 Install Stabilizing End Wall Frame Anchors Added note clarifying WZ-1 Clarification Systems conditions. 79 Install Stabilizing Figure 81 Require loop method to pass Results from testing Systems through upper slot Added: In areas subject to freezing, the ventilation openings must 99 Install Skirting Table 33 Vents also be of the adjustable type, As required by 3285.505(d) permitting them to be in the open orclosed position, • depending on theclimatic conditions. 47 49 Complete Multi- Ste 7 Added. Clarification that filler chords Section Set p "or filler chords"to Method 1' may be present Clarify: 59,61 Connect Crossovers Step 1 That duct may be suspended or As permitted by 3285.606(e) supported by other means Added. Requested by inspectors as 80 Connect Utilities Step 1 Aluminum Conductor and conduit most service conductors are sizes aluminum Install Stabilizing Step 1 Added: 69 Clarification Systems Frame Anchors Minimum spacing 3'-0". Revised the margin note to Not all manufacturer's have Z Complete Roof and - - - - 56 Removing Shipping Protection eliminate reference to"shingle repair methods 3285.801(d)'is Exterior Walls manufacturer's instructions" acceptable for repair. Complete Roof and Added"Important"note regarding F.. 58 Exterior Walls Step 3 the protection of the home at Not addressed previously: porch mateline locations. J CA 106 1/8/2016 11:39 AM 41110